你喜欢大蒜吗？

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Do you know someone who is starting to learn English? We have a new easy video series just for them. The London Letter Challenge. Three teams race around London to find eight letters which will take them to the winning crowns. Watch the series on our websites now.

Bbclearningenglish.com。

Bbclearningenglish.com.

六分钟英语，来自bbclearningenglish.com。

Six Minute English. From bbclearningenglish.com.

大家好，这里是BBC学习英语频道的《六分钟英语》，我是尼尔。

Hello. This is Six Minute English from BBC Learning English. I'm Neil.

我是贝丝。它在油中滋滋作响，闻起来很香，还能有效驱赶吸血鬼。但第一次约会时千万别吃它。我说的当然是大蒜。尼尔，你喜欢大蒜吗？

And I'm Beth. It smells delicious, sizzling in oil and it's great for keeping vampires away. But don't eat it on a first date. I'm talking, of course, about garlic. Neil, do you like garlic?

噢，当然。我超爱大蒜，昨晚刚吃了一顿蒜味十足的饭。

Oh, yes. I love garlic. I had a very garlicky meal last night.

我在这儿都闻到了。以下是澳大利亚主厨陈杰森（擅长亚洲菜系）和居住在法国的丹麦主厨保罗·埃里克·延森，在BBC国际频道节目《食物链》中谈论他们对大蒜的热爱。

I know I can smell it from here. Here is Jason Chan, an Australian chef who specialises in Asian cuisine and Paul Erik Jensen, a Danish chef living in France, talking about their love of garlic to BBC World Service program, The Food Chain.

我爱大蒜，因为它是一种多用途的食材，既能用于烹饪又具有多种健康益处。我们经常使用它。从高汤到汤品，再到蔬菜菜肴和肉类料理，几乎肯定能在某处找到一瓣大蒜。是的，无法想象不使用大蒜的烹饪。

I love garlic because it's a versatile ingredient that can be used for cooking and offers various health benefits. We use it a lot. So from stocks to soups and in vegetable dishes, meat dishes, there's very certain a clove of garlic in somewhere. Yeah. It's unimaginable not using garlic.

杰森喜欢大蒜是因为它用途广泛，意味着可以用多种不同方式使用。而保罗认为不用大蒜烹饪是难以想象的，意思是很难想象因为那样会非常糟糕。

Jason loves garlic because it's versatile, meaning it can be used in many different ways. And Paul thinks cooking without garlic is unimaginable, meaning it's difficult to imagine because it would be so bad.

爱大蒜还是恨大蒜？在本期节目中，我们将深入了解这种气味浓烈的多功能食材。和往常一样，我们也会学习一些有用的新单词和短语。

Love garlic or hate it? In this episode, we'll be finding out more about this versatile, strong smelling food. And as usual, we'll be learning some useful new words and phrases as well.

记住，你可以在我们的网站bbclearningenglish.com上找到本集所有词汇。贝丝，我有个问题要问你。鲜为人知的是，在600种大蒜品种中，许多曾只生长在前苏联地区，直到1990年代共产主义垮台后才在西方出现。那么以下哪种大蒜品种曾在前苏联生长？是a)摇滚碗 b)火焰 还是c)雷西格？

And remember, you can find all the vocabulary from this episode on our website bbclearningenglish.com. Now Beth, I have a question for you. It's a little known fact that of the 600 varieties of garlic, many grew only in the Former Soviet Union and were unavailable in the West until the fall of communism in the 1990s. So which of the following varieties of garlic grew in the Former USSR? Is it a) Rock and Bowl b) Fire or c) Reesig?

哦，我完全不知道。我猜是火焰吧。

Oh, I have no idea. I'm going to guess fire.

好的。节目最后我们会揭晓你是否答对。大蒜远不止是一种烹饪原料。几个世纪以来，大蒜在古埃及、希腊、罗马以及印度和中国都是重要食物。正是罗马帝国将大蒜带到了法国等欧洲国家。

Okay. We'll find out if you're right at the end of the programme. Garlic is much more than just a cooking ingredient. For centuries, garlic was an important food throughout ancient Egypt, Greece and Rome as well as India and China. It was the Roman Empire that brought garlic to European countries like France.

在所有大蒜生长的地方，它都因其保健功效而备受赞誉。

And everywhere garlic grew, it was praised for its health giving powers.

BBC主持人鲁梅拉·达斯·古普塔在BBC国际服务频道《食物链》节目中，向作家兼大蒜专家罗宾·切里询问大蒜的药用价值。比如它们曾被用来治疗哪些疾病？从癌症、坏血病、瘟疫到呼吸道疾病，它甚至被用作催情剂。

Here, BBC presenter Rumella Das Gupta asks author and garlic expert Robin Cherry about garlic's medicinal uses on BBC World Services, the food chain. And what kind of illnesses or conditions would they have treated, for instance? Everything from cancer, scurvy, the plague, respiratory ailments it was used as an aphrodisiac.

大蒜曾被用于治疗呼吸道疾病。'ailment'是疾病或小毛病的另一种说法。因此呼吸道疾病就是指肺部疾病。

Garlic was used to treat respiratory ailments. An ailment is another word for an illness or minor health problem. So a respiratory ailment is an illness of the lungs.

在古希腊，大蒜还被用作催情剂——一种被认为能增强性欲的食物或饮品。但有趣的是，正因如此，包括印度耆那教在内的某些文化群体完全避免食用大蒜。

In ancient Greece, garlic was also used as an aphrodisiac a food or drink believed to increase sexual desire. But interestingly, this was the same reason why some cultures avoided eating garlic altogether, including a religious group from India called Jains.

是的。耆那教是像印度教和佛教一样的古印度宗教，基于'ahimsa'即非暴力的理念。但与许多印度教徒和佛教徒不同，耆那教徒对非暴力的定义包括植物和蔬菜。他们不食用大蒜，因为拔出植株会杀死植物及其生长的土壤生态系统。

Yes. Jainism is an ancient Indian religion like Hinduism and Buddhism based on the idea of uhimsa or non violence. But unlike many Hindus and Buddhists, Jains' definition of non violence includes plants and vegetables. Janes don't eat garlic because uprooting the plant kills both it and the soil ecosystem it grows in.

孟买烹饪节目主持人、多本印度菜谱作者索尼娅·维德在BBC国际服务频道《食物链》节目中，解释了耆那教徒不吃大蒜的另一个原因。

Here's Sonal Ved, a Mumbai based cooking show host and author of many books on Indian cuisine, explaining another reason why Jains avoid garlic to BBC World Service programme, The Food Chain.

根据印度教教义，大蒜被视为'惰性食物'。人们认为它会刺激欲望、激情和攻击性，因此修行者戒食此类食物，认为它会影响灵性成长和精神清明。

According to Hinduism also, garlic is considered a food which is called the tamsik food. It is believed to stimulate desire, passion, aggression, and that's why they abstain from eating those kinds of food because it is believed to impact your spiritual growth and also your mental clarity.

耆那教徒戒食大蒜。'abstain from'指主动避免做某事。例如，你可能会戒除烟草或酒精，因为知道它们有害健康。

Jains abstain from eating garlic. If you abstain from doing something, you choose not to do it. For example, you might abstain from tobacco or alcohol because you know they're bad for your health.

与古希腊人一样，简尼斯人相信大蒜能刺激性欲。动词'stimulate'意为鼓励或促使某物发展壮大。

Like the ancient Greeks, Janes believed that garlic stimulates sexual desire. The verb to stimulate means encourage it or cause it to develop and grow.

现代医学已证实大蒜对健康的某些古老认知，包括降血压和改善肠道健康。好了尼尔，该揭晓你问题的答案了吧？

Modern medicine has confirmed some of these ancient beliefs about the health benefits of garlic, including reduced blood pressure and better gut health. Okay Neil, isn't it time you revealed the answer to your question?

是的，贝丝。我问你前苏联地区种植的是哪种大蒜。

Yes, Beth. I asked you which variety of garlic grew in the Former USSR.

我回答是火蒜。对吗？

And I said fire. Was I right?

完全正确！耶！火蒜或称格鲁吉亚火蒜，是产自前苏联格鲁吉亚共和国的一种辛辣白蒜。现在我们来复习学过的词汇，首先是形容词'versatile'，意为具有多种用途的。

You were absolutely correct. Yay! Fire or Georgian fire is a hot white garlic from the Republic Of Georgia in the Former Soviet Union. Okay, let's recap the vocabulary we've learned starting with versatile an adjective meaning to have many different purposes or uses.

短语'it's unimaginable'用于表示某事因过于美好或糟糕而难以想象。

The phrase it's unimaginable is used to say that something is difficult to imagine because it would be so good or so bad.

'ailment'指疾病或健康问题。

An ailment is an illness or health problem.

催情剂是指被认为能增强性欲的食物或饮品。

An aphrodisiac is a food or drink believed to increase sexual desire.

如果你戒除某物，意味着你选择不去做它。

If you abstain from something, you choose not to do it.

最后，'stimulate'意味着鼓励某事或促使其发展。再次提醒，我们的六分钟时间到了。如果你喜欢本期节目，请访问我们的网站bbclearningenglish.com，那里有测验和工作表供你练习所学词汇。我们很快再见。现在，先道别了。

And finally, to stimulate means to encourage something or cause it to grow. Once again, our six minutes are up. You've enjoyed this episode, then head over to our website bbclearningenglish.com where you'll find a quiz and worksheets to practise the vocabulary you've learnt. See you again soon. But for now, it's goodbye.

再见。

Goodbye.

六分钟英语。来自bbclearningenglish.com。

Six Minute English. From bbclearningenglish.com.