马是如何帮助人类康复的？

晨浴和晚浴哪个更好？

What's best a morning shower or an evening shower?

魔术能教会我们关于大脑的什么？

What can magic teach us about the brain?

随着年龄增长如何结交朋友。

Making friends as you get older.

这些话题你都能在我们的新系列《阅读室》中发现，这是我们网站上杂志风格的文章系列。

These are all topics you'll discover in The Reading Room, our new series of magazine style articles on our website.

每篇文章都附有重点词汇、理解问题和音频下载。

They each come with highlighted vocabulary, comprehension questions and an audio download.

在bbclearningenglish.com的《阅读室》中了解世界并提升阅读技能。

Learn about the world and improve your reading skills with The Reading Room at bbclearningenglish.com.

六分钟英语来自

Six Minute English from

bbclearningenglish.com。

bbclearningenglish.com.

你好。

Hello.

这里是BBC英语学习的《六分钟英语》。

This is Six Minute English from BBC Learning English.

我是尼尔。

I'm Neil.

我是乔治。

And I'm Georgie.

尼尔，你骑过马吗？

Neil, have you ever ridden a horse?

是的，我骑过。

Yes, I have.

我得说我不太喜欢。

I can't say that I enjoyed it much.

老实说，我有点害怕。

I was a bit scared, to be honest.

你呢？

How about you?

其实我以前经常骑马。

I used to ride horses a lot, actually.

我最喜欢骑马穿越乡间。

My favourite thing was to ride a horse through the countryside.

我热爱马匹。

I love horses.

它们如此高贵又可爱。

They're so majestic and lovely.

人类与马的关系在历史上一直很紧密。

The relationship between humans and horses has been close throughout history.

但最近，这已经超越了骑马娱乐或工作用途。

But recently, this has gone beyond riding horses for fun or using them for work.

马辅助服务，有时被称为马疗法，是一种通过照料和互动马匹来治疗身心疾病的健康趋势。

Equine assisted services, sometimes called horse therapy, is a health trend where caring and interacting with horses is used to heal physical and mental illness.

BBC国际频道《对话》节目主持人Dachshiani Navanayaga将为我们详细解释。

Here's Dachshiani Navanayaga, presenter of BBC World Service programme, The Conversation, to explain.

马辅助服务现在是一个统称，涵盖了一系列通过与马匹互动来促进人类福祉的治疗活动。

Equine Assisted Services is now an umbrella term which encompasses a whole range of treatments involving activities and interactions with horses to promote better human well-being.

马辅助服务是一个统称，指代属于同一大类下的众多不同项目。

Equine Assisted Services is an umbrella term a term for a large number of different things which all belong to a single common category.

因此马疗法包含多种活动，从感受马匹运动（可帮助脑瘫等肌肉障碍患儿）到简单的马匹梳理（有助于缓解焦虑）。

So horse therapy includes many activities from feeling the horse's movement which can help children with muscle disorders like cerebral palsy to simply grooming the horse which can help calm anxiety.

梳理马匹指的是清洁和刷理马匹的毛发。

Grooming a horse means cleaning and brushing the horse's coat of hair.

虽然多种动物都可用于治疗，但马匹特别适合，因为它们对人类情绪非常敏感。

Various animals can be used in therapy, but horses are particularly suitable as they're very sensitive to human emotions.

与马匹接触会影响大脑处理压力的边缘系统区域。

Being in contact with them affects the limbic area of the brain dealing with stress.

本期节目中，我们将深入了解这些帮助人们应对心理、情感和身体挑战的马匹。

In this episode, we'll hear more about the horses helping people work through mental, emotional and physical challenges.

和往常一样，我们还会学习一些有用的新词汇。

And as usual, we'll learn some useful new vocabulary.

请记住，你可以在我们的网站bbclearningenglish.com上找到本集的所有单词和短语。

And remember, you'll find all the words and phrases from this episode on our website bbclearningenglish.com.

但现在我有个问题要问你，尼尔。

But now I have a question for you, Neil.

我们已经了解了马匹具备的一些特殊品质，但关于马的以下哪项说法也是正确的？

We've heard some of the special qualities horses possess, but which of the following about horses is also true?

是a) 马总是站着睡觉 b) 马能发出超过100种声音 还是 c) 马拥有接近360度的视野？

Is it a) horses always sleep standing up b) horses can make over 100 sounds or c) horses have almost three sixty degree vision?

嗯，我肯定见过马躺下睡觉。

Well, I'm sure I've seen a horse lying down.

不过我不太了解它的视力情况。

So I don't know about its vision though.

所以我选b) 马能发出超过100种声音。

So I'm going to say b) a horse can make over a 100 sounds.

好的。

Okay.

我们稍后会在节目中揭晓答案。

Well, we'll find out the answer later in the programme.

马匹治疗师克劳迪娅·尼科尔森小时候就首次感受到了马匹的治疗力量。

Horse therapist, Claudia Nicholson, first felt the healing power of horses as a child.

她现在在英国南部经营着自己的马辅助学习中心，并接受了BBC国际服务节目《对话》的采访。

She now runs her own Centre for Equine Assisted Learning in the South Of England, where she spoke with BBC World Service programme The Conversation.

我会连续几个小时坐在马厩里陪我的小马。

I would spend hours on end sitting in a stable with my pony.

当时正值青春期，父母离异，我有很多未解的困惑，而与小马的联结让我感到被理解、安全和被包容。

I was going through puberty, my parents had separated, I had a lot of unanswered questions and I would feel met and safe and held with the connection of the pony.

小时候，克劳迪娅会连续几个小时陪伴她的小马。

As a child, Claudia spent hours on end with her pony.

像'days or hours on end'这样的短语表示连续不间断地做某事数天或数小时。

Phrases like days or hours on end mean days or hours doing something continuously without stopping.

与马驹共度的时光帮助克劳迪娅度过了青春期——这是人生中因身体变化使儿童成长为成人并具备生育能力的阶段。

Spending time with her pony helped Claudia through puberty, the stage of life when a child grows into an adult because of changes in their body which allow them to have children.

正是她青少年时期的经历促使克劳迪娅创办了自己的马术治疗中心。

It was her teenage experiences that led Claudia to start her own horse therapy centre.

她主要与青春期女孩和受照管儿童一起工作。

She works a lot with teenage girls and children in care.

受照管儿童是指因父母或家庭无法照顾而由当地政府照看的孩子。

A child in care is a child who's being looked after by the local authorities because they cannot be cared for by their parents or family.

在此，克劳迪娅向BBC国际频道的《对话》节目详细讲述了她与儿童和马匹的工作。

Here, Claudia talks more about her work with children and horses to BBC World Service's The Conversation.

通常需要几次治疗才能建立起信任关系。

It would take maybe a few sessions for a relationship of trust to be formed.

看到那些经历过严重创伤的孩子——尤其是这些受照管儿童——的转变非常令人惊叹。

And it's quite extraordinary to see a child that's experienced a lot of trauma, especially these children in care.

他们可以给马驹梳理鬃毛。

They can be brushing the pony's body.

他们可能需要释放压抑已久的哭泣。

They might want to have a cry which they've been holding on to.

马儿能调节他们的情绪。

The horse regulates them.

克劳迪娅帮助的许多孩子都经历过创伤。

Many of the children Claudia works with suffer trauma.

他们需要时间与马匹建立信任纽带。

It takes time for them to build a bond of trust with their horse.

信任纽带这个短语指的是两人之间强烈的依赖与信心。

The phrase bond of trust is a strong feeling of reliance and confidence between two people.

马确实是特殊的动物。

Horses really are special animals.

它们能通过呼吸、心率和动作感知人类的恐惧或悲伤，并以温柔平静的方式回应。

They sense human feelings like fear or sadness through breath, heart rate and movement and respond with gentleness and calm.

这使它们成为完美的动物治疗师。

This makes them perfect animal therapists.

还不止这些呢，对吧乔治？

And that's not all, right Georgie?

让我们来找出你问题的答案。

Let's find out the answer to your question.

是的，尼尔。

Yes, Neil.

我之前问过你关于马的哪句话是正确的，你说马能发出超过100种声音。

Well, I asked you which sentence about horses was true and you said that horses can make over 100 sounds.

可惜，那是错误答案。

Sadly, that was the wrong answer.

正确答案是C选项。

The correct answer was C.

马拥有接近360度的视野，这很令人惊讶。

Horses have near three sixty degree vision, which is surprising.

哇，这太神奇了。

Wow, that's amazing.

好的。

Okay.

我们来回顾一下学过的词汇，首先是‘总称’——用于描述属于同一类别的多种不同事物的术语。

Let's recap the vocabulary we've learnt, starting with umbrella term a term used to describe many different things which all belong to a single common category.

给马或狗等动物‘梳理毛发’意味着刷洗和清洁它们的毛发。

Grooming an animal like a horse or a dog means brushing and cleaning its coat of hair.

如果你‘连续几个小时’做某事，就是指你不间断地持续做这件事。

If you do something for hours on end, you do it continuously without stopping.

‘青春期’是人生中从儿童成长为成人的阶段，由于身体的变化使他们能够生育后代。

Puberty is the stage of life when a child grows into an adult because of changes in their body which allow them to have children.

‘受监护儿童’是指由当地政府照看的孩子，因为他们的父母无法照顾他们。

A child who is in care is being looked after by the local authorities because they cannot be cared for by their parents.

最后，‘信任纽带’是两个人之间强烈的依赖与信心关系。

And finally, a bond of trust is a strong feeling of reliance and confidence between two people.

六分钟时间又到了，但请记住你可以在我们的网站bbclearningenglish.com上找到本集的测验和练习题。

Once again, our six minutes are up, but remember you'll find a quiz and worksheet for this episode over on our website bbclearningenglish.com.

我们很快在那里见，但现在要说再见了。

See you there soon, but for now it's goodbye.

再见。

Goodbye.

六分钟英语。

Six Minute English.

来自bbclearningenglish.com。

From bbclearningenglish.com.