如何道歉？

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六分钟英语。

Six Minute English.

来自bbclearningenglish.com。

From bbclearningenglish.com.

大家好。这里是BBC英语学习频道的《六分钟英语》。我是尼尔。

Hello. This is six Minute English from BBC Learning English. I'm Neil.

我是贝丝。

And I'm Beth.

英语中根据情境不同有多种道歉方式。正式场合可以说'请原谅我'，对朋友可能只说'我的错'。当然还有最通用的说法'对不起'。贝丝，还记得你上次道歉是什么时候吗？

In English, there are many ways to apologise depending on the situation. In formal situations, you could say, please forgive me. While to a friend you might just say my bad. And of course there's the most common phrase of all I'm sorry. Can you remember a time when you had to apologise, Beth?

哦，今早我在地铁上踩到别人脚趾就道歉了。

Oh, I had to apologise this morning because I stepped on someone's toes on the tube.

好吧，道歉要看具体行为。像你今早这样无意踩到别人脚趾，说声'对不起'就够了。但如果是像加纳记者阿菲娅·普夸那样公开批评阿散蒂部落国王的严重行为呢？BBC国际频道《第五现场》节目报道过这个事件。

Okay. Well, apologising depends on what you've done. So sorry is fine if you accidentally step on someone's toes like you did this morning, Beth. But what if you do something really serious like the Ghanaian journalist, Afiya Pukua, who publicly criticised the king of the Ashanti tribe? Here's BBC World Service programme The Fifth Floor covering the story.

我想冒犯国王这种事可不常见，但假设你真这么做了，知道该如何向他道歉吗？最近加纳有位记者在电视上评论阿散蒂部落国王，很快她就不得不到王宫当面致歉。

I guess it's not every day that you end up offending a king, but let's say you did. Would you know how to apologize to him? Recently in Ghana, a journalist made some comments on television about the king of the Asante tribe. And soon, she found herself at his palace apologizing.

主持人说'冒犯国王这种事可不常见'。'可不常见'这个短语强调事件极其特殊。那么不同文化间的道歉方式有何差异？这正是本期节目要探讨的内容，同时我们还会学习一些实用新词汇。

The presenter says, it's not every day that you offend a king. The phrase, it's not every day that highlights that what's happened is very unusual. So how do apologies change from culture to culture? Well, that's what we'll be finding out in this episode along with some useful new words and phrases.

请记住，你可以在我们的网站bbclearningenglish.com上找到本集的所有词汇。现在，我有个问题要问你，Beth。我们知道不同国家的人道歉方式各异。但如果来自印度的人要道歉，他们可能会做什么？是a)赠送礼物 b)拉扯耳垂 还是c)鞠躬？

And remember, you'll find all the vocabulary from this episode on our website bbclearningenglish.com. Now, I have a question for you, Beth. We know that people from different countries apologise in different ways. But what might someone do to say sorry if they were from India? Would they a) offer a gift b) pull their earlobes or c) bow down?

哦，我猜是鞠躬。

Oh, I am going to guess bow down.

好的。节目最后我们会揭晓你是否答对。让我们回到记者Afya Pukua的故事，她曾批评阿散蒂部落的国王。她的言论在加纳引发分歧，但最终Afiya决定按照严格的传统规定向国王道歉——身着黑衣，双膝跪地致歉。

Okay. Well, we'll find out if you're right at the end of the programme. Let's return to Afya Pukua, the journalist who criticised the king of the Ashanti tribe. Her comments divided opinion in Ghana, but eventually Afiya decided to say sorry to the king, following strict traditional rules that she dress in black and apologise kneeling down on her knees.

Afya的故事展现了文化对道歉方式的影响。现在让我们聆听三位来自不同国家的BBC记者在《The Fifth Floor》节目中讲述他们文化中的道歉方式。

Afiya's story shows the influence of culture on how people say sorry. Let's listen now as three BBC journalists from different countries explain to World Service programme, The Fifth Floor, how to say sorry in their culture.

我认为巴基斯坦人通常不太善于表达，而且有点厚脸皮。我们一般会在对话中悄悄插入道歉，然后迅速转移话题，这样就不必直面道歉的尴尬。

I would say that Pakistanis generally, they're not really expressive, and we're also very cheeky. So what we generally do is we would slide an apology in the middle of a conversation and then very quickly move on to a new topic so that we don't have to sort of be very upfront about it.

在俄罗斯，我们有个叫'宽恕星期日'的传统，发生在复活节前的最后一个周日。这个传统要求你给亲友打电话，为自己造成的任何伤痛道歉。

In Russia, we also have a tradition called forgiveness Sunday, which happens on the last Sunday before Easter. The tradition is that you call your family and friends and apologize for any sorrows you've caused.

在韩国，由于语言中复杂的敬语体系，道歉方式会根据说话者与听者的关系而变化。在正式场合或与不熟悉的人交往时，我们常说这句话，并经常在道歉时鞠躬。记者

In Korea, the way of saying sorry varies depending on the relationship between the speaker and listener due to the complex and horrific system in the language. In many cases, we say This is used in formal situations or with people we don't know well, and we often bow when saying Journalist

Assam Mahmud认为巴基斯坦的道歉方式与众不同，因为人们不善于表达。他们通常不会表露真实想法或感受。相反，他说巴基斯坦人往往cheeky——这个形容词形容略带无礼但幽默顽皮的特质。

Assam Mahmud thinks apologising in Pakistan is different because people are not expressive. They don't usually show what they think or feel. Rather, he says Pakistanis tend to be cheeky an adjective meaning slightly rude but in a funny playful way.

在巴基斯坦，人们有时会避免直接面对自己的过错。如果你对某事upfront，就意味着你公开谈论它，让所有人都清楚你的感受和意图。

In Pakistan, people sometimes avoid being upfront about what they've done. If you're upfront about something, you speak openly about it so everyone knows your feelings and intentions.

现在转向俄罗斯，记者Lisa Focht描述了一个叫'宽恕星期日'的传统，人们会为造成的伤痛向亲友道歉。Sorrows指的是悲伤或遗憾的根源。

Moving now to Russia, the journalist Lisa Focht describes a tradition called Forgiveness Sunday when people apologise to friends and family for sorrows they have caused. Sorrows are sources of sadness or regret.

最后，在韩国，如何道歉取决于你向谁道歉。韩语有一套复杂的敬语体系，规定如何称呼社会地位高于你的人。敬语意味着对某人表示尊重和敬意。

And finally, in Korea, how you say sorry depends on who you're apologising to. Career has a complicated honorific system dictating how people above you in the social order should be addressed. Honorific means showing respect and honour to someone.

有句俗话说，道歉是最难说出口的话。但谁知道有这么多表达方式呢？

Well, there's a saying that sorry is the hardest word. But who knew there were so many ways to say it?

是的。而且不仅仅是言语。如果你真心道歉，你会做些事情来弥补，比如送个小礼物。那么尼尔，印度人会怎么做？你问题的答案是什么？

Yes. And it's not just words. If you're really sorry, you do something to make things right, like giving a small gift. So Neil, what do people in India do? What's the answer to your question?

是的。我问的是印度人如何道歉。贝丝，你给我的答案是什么？

Yes. Well, I asked what people in India do to apologise. And what answer did you give me, Beth?

我说鞠躬。对吗？

I said bow down. Was that right?

恐怕那是错误的答案。你应该为此向我道歉。事实上，在印度，道歉时通常会拉扯耳垂。好了，让我们回顾一下学到的词汇，从习语‘it's not every day that’开始，用来表示某事非常不寻常。

I'm afraid that was the wrong answer. You should apologise to me for that. It is in fact b) in India, it's common to tug your earlobes when apologising. Okay, let's recap the vocabulary we've learned starting with the idiom it's not every day that which is used to say that something is very unusual.

一个善于表达的人会展示他们的想法或感受。

An expressive person shows what they think or feel.

形容词‘cheeky’意思是以一种有趣、 playful的方式稍微有点粗鲁。

The adjective cheeky means slightly rude in a funny, playful way.

当你对某事‘upfront’，你会公开、清晰地表达，让人们知道你的真实意图。

When you are upfront about something, you speak openly and clearly so people know your true intentions.

‘Sorrows’是悲伤或遗憾的来源。

Sorrows are sources of sadness or regret.

最后，形容词'honorific'意为向某人表示尊敬与敬意。很遗憾地告诉大家，我们的六分钟时间又到了。但如果你还想学习更多内容，请访问我们的网站bbclearningenglish.com，获取本集的小测验和工作表。暂时先到这里，再见。

And finally, the adjective honorific means showing respect and honour to someone. Well, I'm sorry to say that once again our six minutes are up. But if you are ready for more, just head over to our website bbclearningenglish.com for a quiz and a worksheets for this episode. Bye for now.

再见。这里是六分钟英语。

Goodbye. Six Meet English.

来自bbclearningenglish.com。

From bbclearningenglish.com.