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你进行了多少创始人模式?
How much founder mode did you do?
你是说我嗑了一片阿普唑仑?我现在正需要一片阿普唑仑。
Are you saying that I popped an Alp? I need an Alp right now.
等等。你现在什么都不需要。你是
Hold on. You don't need anything right now. Are
在嚼它吗?
you chewing it?
你在干什么?
What are you doing?
不。你把这个尼古丁含片放在上牙龈,它会释放,然后你就成神了。
No. You put this nicotine pouch, you upper deck it, releases it, and then you become a god.
那是塔克寄给你的阿普唑仑吗?
Is that the Alp that Tucker sent you?
是啊。塔克和我要来个跨界合作。
Yeah. Tucker and I are gonna do a crossover.
等等。你在这儿搞了个副业?
Wait. Did you work out a side hustle here?
我还没提交给团队投票表决呢。你等等
I haven't presented it to the group for a vote yet. You're Wait
等一下。你现在为这个插播广告收钱了吗?
a second. Are you being paid for this plug right now?
是的。我只是说如果
Yes. I'm just saying. If
你使用
you use
促销码j cal。
the promo code j cal.
稍等。
Wait a second.
促销码j 15。
Promo code j 15.
好吧。他分手了,这是好事。
Okay. He broke up, which is good.
他吸毒吗?他在服用毒品吗?
Is he on drugs? Is he taking drugs?
他吸毒。没在吸毒。
He's on drugs. Not on drugs.
而且他正在做一笔交易
And he's doing a deal with
这简直就像一则公益广告,告诫人们别碰这东西。你完全失控了。
This is like a PSA for not taking this stuff. You're so out of control.
你吃了两片吗?
Did you take two of them?
什么
What are
你在干嘛?我以为这东西能让你放松。到底怎么回事?你的网络也出问题了。
you doing? I thought this stuff relaxes you. What the hell is going on? Your Internet's on the fritz too.
不,我修好了。修好了。我修好了。那是普京干的。
No. I fixed it. Fixed it. I fixed it. That was Putin.
普京黑了我的网络。普京控制了我的
Putin got my Internet. Putin's got my
天啊。
god.
你在吃或用的是什么口味的?
What flavor are you eating or using?
今天是冰薄荷。今天是冰薄荷。
Today is chilled mint. Today is chilled mint.
呃。你看起来可一点都不冷静。你看起来
Ugh. You don't seem very chill. You seem
这是第一个我
This is first one I
想要。焦躁又愤怒。不行。
want. Agitated and angry. No.
我正努力让我们重回最初那种全情投入的状态,那时我们欢笑、玩乐,享受彼此的陪伴。
I'm trying to get us back to that original all in energy where we laughed and we had fun and we enjoyed each other's company.
不。但是,杰克·阿尔,说真的,你现在和阿尔普有私下交易吗?
No. But, Jake Al, seriously, do you have a side deal going on with Alp right now?
没有。我还没有达成任何交易。不确定是否会有交易。根本不存在交易。
No. I don't have a deal yet. I don't know if I have a deal. There's no deal.
我现在就给塔克发信息直接切断你。
I'm texting Tucker now just to cut you.
好了各位。欢迎回到英伟达黄仁勋认证的全球第一播客。没错。全投入播客在此。上周我们在华盛顿度过了精彩时光,稍后会详细聊聊。
Alright, everybody. Welcome back to what Jensen from NVIDIA has confirmed is the number one podcast in the world. Yes. The all in podcast is here. We had an amazing time in DC last week, and we'll get into that.
不过嘿,弗里德伯格,上周那些重磅嘉宾全靠你搞定的。十天之内筹办那场活动,弗里德伯格,你做到了。我和查马斯只是上周空降华盛顿参加AI峰会。萨克斯当时正忙着配合总统完成那些行政命令。弗里德伯格,带我们揭秘幕后故事吧。
But, hey, Friedberg, you crushed it on all those incredible speakers last week. Ten days you had to pull off that event, Friedberg, and you did it. Chamath and I just parachuted in to DC last week for the AI summit. Sachs was busy working with POTUS to get all those executive orders done. Take us behind the scenes, Friedberg.
所有这些顶尖嘉宾。你请到了AMD的苏姿丰。有鲁特尼克。我很欣赏
All of these incredible speakers. You got Lisa from AMD. You had Lutnick. I liked
他。贝桑特。我喜欢他。我们不得不拒绝很多科技公司CEO,他们得知活动后都想要上台演讲。所以必须做出重大取舍,确保传递出我们的核心信息。
him. Besant. I liked him. We had to say no to a lot of tech company CEOs that found out about the event and wanted to speak on stage. So there was a big kind of cutoff that we had to make around making sure that we got our message across.
我认为如果你观看了内容,我们在开头简要讨论过,但重点其实是试图消除关于AI的负面叙事和神话——即AI只是来摧毁就业的,因为当前正经历一场巨大的经济繁荣,这既体现在新兴产业的涌现(所以我们展示了Hadrian等案例),也体现在支撑AI竞赛所需的基础设施上,包括数据中心、芯片、采矿和能源。因此我们重点突出了这四个行业。后来内阁成员得知后也想参与进来,结果我们不得不仓促安排人员上下台——告诉财政部长他的二十分钟发言时间已到必须下台这种事简直疯狂,但为了确保总统的特勤组能及时清场并做好准备,我们只能这样赶进度。
I think if you watch the content, we talked briefly about it at the beginning, but the focus was really on trying to dispel the negative AI narrative and myth that AI is just here to destroy jobs because there's this big economic boom that's happening both with respect to new industries that are emerging, which is why we showcased Hadrian and others, but then also the infrastructure needed to support the AI race with data centers, chips, mining, and energy. And so we highlighted each of those four industries. And then the cabinet people found out about it and wanted to get involved, so we were, unfortunately, squeezing people on and off stage. It's kinda crazy to tell the secretary of treasury he has to get off the stage because he's passed his twenty minute allocation, but we had to line everything up so that the president could get his secret service detail to clear the stage and get set up in time. That's why we were rushing everyone.
但这一周实在太棒了,这种紧迫感令人兴奋。感谢David Sachs的领导力和统筹能力,把这些人物聚集到一起。Sachs,恭喜你的行政命令签署和行动计划发布。
But, man, what a week. What a rush. It was awesome. Thanks to David Sachs for the leadership and pulling it all together, bringing those folks to the table. And, Sachs, congrats on getting your EO signed and your action plan published.
这真的很酷。能见到总统和所有内阁成员,并因为你们的工作让这一切成为现实,感觉如何?
That's That pretty cool. Pretty awesome to meet the president and meet all those cabinet members and have all of this day come together because of the work you've been doing. How does it feel?
Sachs,你现在还沉浸在那种余韵中吗?我看得出来你还在兴奋状态。你给我发了那张'四兄弟'和我们了不起的第四十七任总统的合影。此刻感觉怎么样?
Like Sachs, how are you doing in the afterglow there? I could see that you're in the afterglow. You sent me a picture of the four besties with our incredible forty seventh president. How are you feeling right now?
你要把那张照片投屏吗?
Are you gonna put that on the screen?
我是说...晚点吧。我们有照片,但不确定是否允许播放。我们能获得播放许可吗?
I mean Later. We have it. I don't yeah. Don't know if that's allowed. Can we be allowed to put that on the screen?
我不清楚相关礼仪规定。
I don't know what the protocol is.
嗯,我觉得可以。
Yeah. I think we can.
是啊...不过我还没拿到我的照片。注意到他们拍我们四人和总统的合影时,我不知怎么被意外裁掉了,可能他们没用广角镜头。
Yeah. I mean, I haven't gotten my picture. I did notice that I was unfortunately, when they took the picture of the four of us with the president, somehow I got cropped out by accident. I think maybe they weren't using a wide lens.
等等Jason,见到总统对你意味着什么?给观众解释下:我们当时排队,先在后台与总统合影,后来又拍了四人合照。Jason,当你单独与总统交流时说了什么?问他移民政策了吗?
Wait, Jason. Was it like for you to meet the president? Because just for the audience, we all stood in line, and then we took a photo with the president backstage, and then we did a photo with the four of us. But, Jason, when you had your moment with the president, what did you say? Did you ask him about immigration?
你有没有问过关于
Did you ask have about
你和总统的合影。
your photo with the president.
哦,当然问了。
Oh, for sure.
在我手机上。
On my phone.
那你有没有跟他提太阳能板的事?就是,你那个重要时刻到底是关于什么的?
Did you Well Did you bring up solar panels with him? Like, what was your big moment all about?
我不知道我们要拍照。那事突然就来了。所以我当时想,哦,我们要拍照了。我负责安保的哥哥乔希说,他们需要你去后面和总统合影。我就说,好啊。
I didn't know we were taking a picture. That was, like, sprung on me. So I was like, oh, we're taking a picture. So my brother Josh, who runs security for us, was like, you they need you in the back to take a picture with the president. And I was like, yeah.
我没事。我得...我得准备一下,你知道的,
I'm good. I I gotta I gotta prepare for, you know, some
一些...哦,你刚打算推辞?
some Oh, you were gonna pass?
我以为他在跟我开玩笑。所以我就说,好啊。没事,我挺好的。
Well, I thought he was joking with me. So I was like, yeah. Yeah. I'm good. I'm good.
然后他说,不,我是认真的。你要和总统拍照了。我还问,真的吗?
Then he's like, no. No. I'm serious. You're you're taking pictures with the president. I was like, we are?
好吧。于是我跑回去,他们让我们排好队。然后我就觉得,我是不是被耍了,因为他们一直对我重复说,好的,杰森,你是最后一个。你是最后一个。你们懂的,我知道你们喜欢开一两个玩笑。
Okay. So I ran back, and they put us in line. And then I was like, I think I'm getting punked here because they kept repeating to me, okay, Jason, you're last. You're last. And they you know, and I know you guys like to put in a joke or two.
所以,我就排在最后。很明显,和总统合影是件大事。所以我不想在那时候做出什么不得体的举动。我就简单说了句很荣幸见到您。
So, you know, I just got in line last. And it's obviously, you know, it's it's a big deal to take a picture with the president. So I didn't want to, you know, use that time inappropriately or anything. So I just said it's a pleasure to meet you.
直接说吧。你喜欢他。
Just say it already. You like him.
直说啊。
Just say it.
赶紧让他说完吧。直接到最后一步。你喜欢他。你试图不喜欢。你知道,你总是装大佬,说大话,结果站到他面前
Just let's get him over the way. Just get it get to the end. You like him. You tried not to. You know, you're all mister big shot, mister big talk, and then you got in front
就喜欢上他了。直说吧。我要说的是
of him, and you like him. Just say it. What I will say is
天啊。我喜欢他。
Jesus Christ. I like him.
我就是喜欢他。真可笑。
I just like him. What a joke.
你真是个蠢货。
You're such a goon.
我我玩得很开心。制作过程很愉快。你真是个 predictable goon(可预见的蠢货)。
I I had a great time. I had a great time in producing. You're a predictable goon.
你知道吗?我甚至不知道
You know? Don't even know
什么是goon。好吧。别撩了。别刷存在感了。你根本不懂gooning是什么意思。
what goon is. Okay. Stop Riz. Stop Aura farming. You don't know what gooning is.
明白吗?刷存在感。见到他我真的很开心。那是个很棒的活动。当然,刷存在感嘛。
Okay? Aura farming. I had a great time meeting him. It was a great event. Farming, obviously.
他试图提升自己的魅力值来给孩子们留下印象。但那次很棒,我当时不知所措,拍了些照片,结果他可能永远都走不出来了。我
He's trying to get his Riz up to impress his kids. But it was great, and I didn't know what to do and pictures so he could end up not move on. I
你觉得他的演讲怎么样,杰森?
What do think of his speech, Jason?
我觉得他给了
I thought he gave
你一个点名表扬。
you a shout out.
连总统都点名表扬你了,杰森居然还是不理不睬。
Jason won't even ignore after the president gave you a shout out.
我不懂什么是爱。他说,连杰森也是。
I don't know about love. He said, even Jason.
那段录音你反反复复听了多少遍?怎么
How many times have you listened to that clip over and over? How
很多次吗?
many times?
很多次?有多少人
Many times? How many people have
你曾与之分享过?
you shared that with?
有多少人播放了
How many play the
那段视频。播放那段视频。我也想...哦不。向贾马斯和他可爱的妻子娜特问好并致谢。非常感谢你们的到来。
clip. Play the clip. I wanna also Oh, no. Say hello and thanks to Jamath and his wonderful wife, Nat. Thank you very much for being here.
非常感谢。再次见到你们真是太好了。这对夫妇。大卫·弗里德伯格,还有我们熟知的杰森·加利卡诺斯。
Thank you very much. It was great seeing you again. Couple. David Friedberg and even, as we know, Jason Gallicanos.
没错。
That's right.
我甚至要说。谢谢你,杰森。
I say even. Thank you, Jason.
太棒了
That's great
有趣的杰森。非常感谢。是的,他是个好人。
fun, Jason. Appreciate that. Yeah. He's a good person.
意思是,一个好人。
Mean, a good person.
你是个好人。所以我们在这里。有哪位总统曾这样称你为好人?得了吧。
You a good person. So here we are. What president what president's ever called you a good person this way? Come on.
我是说,对我们所有人来说,能如此接近政府高层,然后萨克斯还能参与其中,显然都像做梦一样。我要说的是,即使你在某些边缘议题上持不同意见,也必须肯定这届政府的工作速度和成就,以及他们与重要领域领导者互动的能力。如果拿拜登和贺锦丽来比较,他们甚至不让人进白宫。
I mean, it's it's obviously, like, surreal for all of us, I think, to be this close to the administration and then for Sacks to be part of it. What I will say is you have to give a lot of credit to this administration for the velocity they're going, what they're accomplishing, even if you disagree with certain items on the margins, and their ability to engage with leaders doing important work. And if we compare that to Biden and Kamala, like, they weren't even letting people come to White House.
这是不是就像
Is it is this like
我喜欢这届政府。我爱这届政府。我我喜欢特朗普。这是
I love this administration. I love the administration. I I like Trump. This is
一个由CEO组成的内阁。让我
a cabinet of CEOs. Let me
直说吧。我并不爱特朗普。我对特朗普是有好感的。这就是我的立场。我并不爱特朗普。
just say this. I'm not in love with Trump. I'm in like with Trump. That's where I'm at. I'm not in love with Trump.
我对特朗普是有好感的。
I'm in like with Trump.
但还有比这更好的团队组合吗?这是一个由CEO组成的内阁。一个由管理者组成的内阁。
But what better team has ever been put together? It is a cabinet of CEOs. It is a cabinet of managers.
这是个
It's a
人才济济的内阁
cabinet of people
他们懂得如何
who know how to
把事情办成。每次我去那里,都会对这个内阁印象深刻。而当我面对
get done. And every time I go there, I'm impressed by this cabinet. I pull my hair out when I'm
国会成员时却抓狂不已。最后问弗里德伯格,你是特朗普支持者吗?你一直在回避这个问题。你是百分百支持特朗普吗?
meeting members Congress. Pro Trump, finally, Friedberg. You've been splitting it. You've been dancing around the issue. Are you full a 100% in support of Trump?
你想坐在这里让我难堪?那我先让你下不来台。
You wanna sit here and put me on the spot? I put you on the spot.
我支持我的总统。我支持这位总统。
I support my president. I support the president.
好。所以你投票给他并且热爱特朗普。你投票给他并且热爱特朗普。
Okay. So you voted for him and you love Trump. You voted for him and you love Trump.
我欣赏他的执政。你也投票给了他。但我对财政支出有异议,这个问题尚未解决。就像我之前说的
I love what he's doing. And you voted for him. And I have issues with the spending, and that's not been resolved. So like I said before Here
各位,现状就是这样。
we are, folks.
当多吉币的提案被认真对待,或者白宫向国会施压要求控制财政支出时,我才会全力表态支持。
My full throated endorsement will come around when Doge actions are taken seriously and or the White House puts pressure on congress to take action on spending on
关于预算。大家最喜欢的时刻是什么?除了特朗普表现得绝对出色、演讲很棒之外。他说他很搞笑,随便啦。但把总统排除在外,因为很难与美国总统竞争。
the budget. What is everybody's favorite moment? Favorite other than Trump, you know, being absolutely amazing, great speech. He said he's hilarious, whatever. But put POTUS outside that because it's hard to compete with the president of The United States.
萨克斯,你有几个最喜欢的时刻吗?给我们分享几个。
Saks, did you have a couple of favorite moments? Give us a couple of favorite moments.
首先,我认为我们应该谈谈演讲的实质内容,因为我认为这是特朗普总统自AI热潮开始以来首次就AI发表的演讲。他之前提到过,但这次是一个完整的政策演讲。他宣布美国正处于一场AI竞赛中,这是一场全球竞争。我认为他使用的语言让人想起约翰·F·肯尼迪总统宣布美国处于太空竞赛时的情景。
First of all, think we should talk about the substance of the speech because I think this was the first speech that president Trump has given on AI since the AI boom began. He's he's spoken about it before, but this was a full length policy speech, And he declared that The United States was in an AI race. It's a global competition. I think the the language that he used was reminiscent of how president John F. Kennedy declared that America was in a space race.
同样地,特朗普总统宣布我们必须赢得AI竞赛。我认为可以争辩说AI竞赛比太空竞赛更重要。它将重塑全球经济,决定谁是21世纪的超级大国。特朗普总统非常明确地表示我们必须赢得这场竞赛,并且他将支持一个获胜的战略。
And in a similar way, president Trump declared that we had to win the AI race. I think you can argue that the AI race is more important than the space race. It's gonna reshape the global economy. It's gonna determine who the superpowers are of the twenty first century. And president Trump was really clear that we had to win it and that he was going to support a strategy for winning it.
然后他列出了其中的一些关键支柱。第一是创新。我们必须清除繁文缛节,让我们的天才发挥作用,显然他对在场的许多CEO和企业家非常支持。第二是基础设施。他吹嘘了他支持的数百亿美元的投资,包括能源、发电、电网升级和数据中心。
And then he laid out what some of those key pillars are. Number one was was innovation. We have to get the red tape out of the way and let our geniuses cook, and clearly was very supportive to a lot of the CEOs and entrepreneurs in the crowd. Number two is infrastructure. He touted the hundreds of billions of dollars of investments in energy and power generation and grid upgrades and data centers that he's supporting.
然后他还支持AI出口。他说我们必须让美国的技术栈成为全球标准。所以我认为这些都是非常重要的信息。除此之外,我认为演讲中还有一些部分可能没有得到太多关注,但也很重要,他说不仅重要的是我们赢,重要的是我们如何赢,他提到了三个不可谈判的条件。第一是美国工人必须处于我们创造的繁荣的中心。
And then he also supported AI exports. He said that we have to make America's tech stack the global standard. So I think those were really important messages. And then on top of that, I think there was also some parts of the speech that maybe have gotten less attention but are also important where he said that it's not only important that we win, he said it's important how we win, and he sort of mentioned three non negotiables here. Number one was that American workers have to be at the center of the prosperity that we create.
第二是政府采购和购买的AI模型必须没有意识形态偏见,所以没有'觉醒AI'。他还签署了一项行政命令,禁止联邦政府使用'觉醒AI'。我们可以稍后讨论这一点。那可能是我最喜欢的时刻。
Number two is that the AI models that the government procures and buys must be free of ideological bias, so no woke AI. And he also signed an executive order to prohibit woke AI in the federal government. We can talk about that in a second. That probably was my favorite moment.
是你最喜欢的时刻吗?
Was your favorite moment?
那是我最喜欢的时刻。
That was my favorite moment.
那是让人热血沸腾的时刻。我觉得
That was the red meat moment. I thought that
那就像是红肉。
was That was like the red meat.
对,对。红肉是基础。没错。
Yeah. Yeah. Was the red meat for the base. Yeah.
是的。第三点是他确实说过,我们要防止技术被恶意行为者滥用或窃取。听着,我们会持续监测新出现的和不可预见的风险。所以我们不会忽视风险。但他在演讲中有句很棒的话,说尽管人工智能看起来很可怕,因为它太强大了。
Yeah. The third thing is he he did say that we do wanna prevent our technologies from being misused or stolen by malicious actors. And look, we we are gonna monitor for emerging and unforeseen risks. So, you know, we're not gonna disregard the risk. But he had this really good line in the speech about how even though AI look, it's it's a daunting technology because it's so powerful.
就像任何革命性技术一样,它既能用于善也能用于恶。但正是这种令人畏惧的特性,更说明我们必须在美国推进它。美国必须成为先驱和领导者,因为我们不希望这项技术的力量在世界其他地方发展。至少其他地方也会有,但我们希望站在前沿,定义并引领它。
And like any revolutionary technology like that, it can be used for bad as well as good. But the the daunting nature of it is all the more reason why we have to do it in The United States. Why would The United States has to be the pioneer and the leader is because we don't want the power of that technology being developed in other parts of the world. At least other parts of the world are gonna have it, but we wanna be the ones on the cutting edge who are defining it and leading it.
太棒了。好的。
Fantastic. Okay.
我认为这是一次非常重要的演讲。这种将AI竞赛比作太空竞赛的想法,我认为将在未来多年主导AI政策的框架。
I think it was a it was a really important speech, I think. This idea of an AI race that is similar to the space race, I think, is gonna be the dominant frame on AI policy for years to come.
很明显,你知道,这届总统任期将被标记为四项关键举措:AI、加密货币、移民和关税。我觉得这就是他们锁定为未来三年半的重点。你应该会同意这一点,而且你能牵头并协助总统完成其中两项,真是太棒了。最让我印象深刻的是推进速度。能否带我们看看这些事是如何如此快速完成的?
Well, it's pretty clear, you know, this presidency, this term is gonna be earmarked, I think, by four key initiatives, AI, crypto, immigration, and tariffs. And I think that feels like what they're locking into as what's important for the next three and a half years. I think you would agree with that, and it's just great that you're spearheading and helping the president with two of those four. And just the velocity to me is what's super impressive. Any way you could take us behind the the scenes of how this stuff is getting done so quickly?
感觉这里有一种操作节奏,在他第一个任期内肯定没有,拜登任期内也没有,但现在有一种不同的节奏。对吧?初创速度?这是怎么做到的?
It feels like there's some operational cadence here that we didn't see in his first term, certainly didn't see in the Biden term, but there's a there's a cadence here that's different. Yeah? Start up speed? How is that Well, yeah.
我们称之为科技速度。我觉得总统一直在工作,他精力太充沛了。他基本上每天工作两个完整的工作日。众所周知他不需要太多睡眠,经常工作到深夜。
We call it he's working at tech speed. I just think that the president's constantly working. I mean, he's just so energetic. I mean, he basically works, like, two full workdays. I think it's well known that he doesn't need a lot of sleep, and he's continues to work late into the night.
我认为他的能量推动着一切前进。同时白宫在幕僚长苏西·怀尔斯领导下有一个非常团结的团队。这点很重要,她管理严格,手下还有副幕僚长们。这些人大多共事已久,团队配合默契。
And I just think his energy propels everything forward. I also think that there's a very cohesive team at the White House under the chief of staff, Susie Wiles. I think it's very important. I think she runs a tight ship, and then you've got the deputy chief of staffs under her. And I think most of these people have been working together for a long time and it's a team that works well together.
而且感觉非常连贯且
And it just feels very coherent and
是啊。
Yeah.
对我来说很有凝聚力。我认为这是一个非常高效的团队。
Cohesive to me. I think it's a very effective team.
确实有这种感觉。节奏很棒。这意味着你们会有更多射门机会。你们可以尝试更多事情并取得更多成就,就像我们在初创公司看到的那样。Chamath,除了总统的讲话,我们接下来轮流发言。
Does feel like that. The pace is great. It means you're gonna get more shots on goal. You'll be able to try more things and and get more accomplished, like just like we see in startups. Chamath, outside of the president's talk, we'll go around the horn here.
讨论中最精彩的两三个瞬间,快速过一下,即兴发言。你有什么想法?Chamath,对你来说讨论中哪些两三个瞬间让你深受启发、备受鼓舞或印象深刻?
Top two or three moments from the discussions, just lightning round here, rapid fire. What do you got? Top two or three moments for you, Chamath, just in the discussions that were enlightening to you, inspiring to you, notable to you.
我从中获得了很大动力。我认为演讲、行政命令以及那份宏伟法案的明确性相结合,为我们这些身处市场中的人提供了大量执行空间。而这些又被内阁各位成员强化,我认为非常重要。这是其一。其次是Lisa Hsu和Jensen的市场评论,我觉得非常有价值。
I came out of it very motivated. I think that the combination of the speech, the executive orders, and the clarity of the big beautiful bill now give those of us that are in these markets a ton of runway to go and execute. And so those things reinforced by the various members of the cabinet, I think were very important. That was one. And then the second thing were the market commentary from both Lisa Hsu and Jensen I thought was really valuable.
第三点是Chris Wright和Doug Bergen关于能源的讨论。我昨天发了推文,但在某种意义上我们几乎回到了基础——如果没有电力支撑,我认为AI不会成为我们想象中的样子。这将促使联邦政府产生巨大动力去做交易并让各方参与进来,这让我非常兴奋。所以可以说,我离开时真的非常看好风险。
And then the third was Chris Wright and Doug Bergen talking about energy. And I tweeted this yesterday, but we are sort of back to basics almost in a sense where in the absence of power, I think AI is is not going to be the thing that we think it can be. So that's gonna create an enormous amount of appetite by the federal government to do deals and get players on the field, and that's to me very exciting. So, yeah, I came away really really risk on, I guess, is the best way to say it.
太棒了。Friedberg,除了总统演讲外,你还有两三个印象深刻时刻。显然那是巅峰,所以我们说说巅峰之外。对你来说还有哪些两三个突出、鼓舞或值得注意的瞬间?
I love it. Friedberg, you have two or three moments outside of the president's speech. Obviously, that's the pinnacle there. So let's just go below the pinnacle. What were the other two or three moments for you that were salient, inspiring, notable?
我认为Jensen表现非常出色。不知道你们怎么看,但他极具说服力,对AI将带我们去向何方、面临哪些挑战有着惊人清晰的愿景。我非常感谢他抽空参加,他临时调整日程赶来,真的很棒。顺便说下能源问题——除了联邦赤字和债务问题外,我认为这仍是当前美国最大的未解难题。
I thought Jensen did a great job. I don't know what you guys thought, but he is very compelling and has a incredible vision and view on where AI is taking us, where it's headed, and what the challenges are. So I really appreciated him taking the time to come and join us. Last minute, he rearranged his schedule to come out for it, and it was great. By the way, on the point on energy, which I still think is the biggest unsolved issue right now in America besides the the federal deficit and the debt problem.
Chris Wright同意调整日程来参加我们九月的All In峰会
Chris Wright agreed to rearrange his schedule to come and join us at the All In Summit in September
哦,太好了。
Oh, great.
为了继续讨论这个话题。我们上次没有足够的时间深入探讨,所以接下来要请克里斯多分享些见解,特别是聚焦于——这也是我想重点讨论的——上周没机会谈的核能议题及其现状。正如他在会上所言,这是他目前投入最多精力的领域,我认为深入了解我们在推动美国核能部署加速周期中所处的位置非常有价值。
To continue the conversation. We didn't get enough time to talk about it, so we are gonna hear more from Chris, particularly with a particular focus, which is what I wanted to spend time on. We didn't get chance last week on nuclear and where are we because he actually is very passionate. Like he said at the thing, it's where he's spending most of his time right now, and I think it's very good to hear the deep dive on where we are in the cycle on trying to accelerate nuclear energy deployment in The United States.
扎克,同样的问题问你。在总统之后,你有两三个印象深刻的关键时刻吗?
Zach, same question to you. After POTUS, you got two or three moments that stood out?
我们先简要谈谈这些行政命令——美国总统在我们刚主办的全体峰会上签署了三项行政命令,这本身就非常了不起。其中一项是促进AI技术出口,因为我们希望美国的技术架构成为全球标准;第二项涉及AI基础设施,旨在简化审批流程以解决你提到的能源问题,弗里伯格;第三项则是关于防止联邦政府使用带有'觉醒意识形态'的AI。
Let's just talk about the executive orders for a second because I think it's pretty cool that the president of The United States signed three executive orders at the all in summit that we just hosted. I mean, that was pretty amazing. One of them was to promote AI exports because we want the American tech stack to become the global standard. The second was around AI infrastructure to make permitting easier so we can help solve those energy problems you're talking about, Freeburg. And then the third one was on preventing woke AI in the federal government.
最后这条我个人最喜欢,因为我们在节目里花了两年时间讨论所谓'觉醒'本质上就是审查制度——基于意识形态偏见和教条来审查人们的观点。
And that to me is probably my personal favorite because we spent a couple years on the show talking about how when we're talking about woke, you're really talking about censorship. Right? We were talking about censoring people's views based on
偏见。
Bias.
正是意识形态偏见。我们在埃隆收购推特前就目睹了社交媒体的乱象,他的介入让情况有所好转。但在特朗普当选前,我们其实正重蹈覆辙——将整个社交媒体审查机制以AI偏见或AI审查的形式复刻。看看那些AI模型的表现吧:它们认为错误称呼性别比全球热核战争更严重,还有那个'黑人乔治·华盛顿'的荒谬案例。
Ideological bias, ideological dogmas. We saw what was happening in social media before Elon bought X that helped bring things back. But we were on a track, I think, before president Trump's election to repeat that whole social media censorship apparatus in the form of AI bias or AI censorship. And we saw this with the whole Black George Washington and where some AI models were saying it was worse to misgender someone than to have a global thermonuclear war. Yeah.
这绝非偶然。回顾拜登的AI行政令,其中约有20页内容鼓励将多元化、公平和包容(DEI)价值观植入AI模型。我们差点就要在这个AI新世界重复所有社交媒体审查和所谓'信任与安全'的把戏,但会更隐蔽——至少传统审查还能被发现。
And this wasn't an accident because if you go back to the Biden executive order on AI, was there something like 20 pages of language on there encouraging DEI values to be infused into AI models. So, again, we were on track to repeat all the social media censorship, all the trust and safety stuff in this new world of AI, but it would have been even more insidious because at least when someone gets censored, you kinda find out about it.
那是明面上的,而AI不是。
It's explicit. It's not.
没错。AI会更可怕,因为你根本察觉不到——它会实时篡改历史来服务当下政治议程,相当于对我们的孩子进行洗脑。
It's explicit. Yeah. But with AI, it would have been worse because you wouldn't have even known. It would just be there rewriting history in real time to serve a current political agenda. It would have been brainwashing our kids.
而且人们对这些AI的信任度超出了应有的程度。我是说,这些东西只是在预测下一个出现的词。这可不是什么天启真理。所以,弗里德伯格,你想就此插句话吗?因为老实说,萨克斯,
Oh, and people trust these AIs more than they should. I mean, these things are making a prediction of the next word coming. This is not like God given truth here. And so, Friedberg, you wanted to interject that about this one? Because this is actually, I'll be honest, Saxe.
我很惊讶你说这对你来说是最重要的一点。我喜欢你澄清这一点,因为它曾被嘲笑,或者人们会疑惑:这为什么重要?我认为你很好地论证了其重要性。弗莱堡,你的回应是?
I'm surprised you're saying this was the most important one to you. I like that you clarified it because it was the one that was mocked or kinda like people were like, what? Why is this important? I think you made a good case for why it's important. Freiburg, your response?
是的。
Yep.
但是萨克斯,这并不是要广泛地让AI‘非意识形态化’。私营公司仍应有权通过言论自由、表达自由或经营自由来开发他们想要的任何AI。行政命令只是规定联邦政府不会采购带有意识形态偏见的AI。是这样吧。
But, Saxe, this is not about broadly making, quote, AI nonideological. Private companies should still have the right through freedom of speech or freedom of expression or freedom to operate to make AI that does whatever they want it to do. What the EO was was that the federal government would not procure ideologically biased AI. Is that Yeah.
正是如此。不,我们很清楚
So exactly. No. We're we're aware
只是为了确保联邦政府不会试图指导私营公司如何运营。它只是说如果你想向我们销售产品,这些就是基本规则。
Just to make sure that the the federal government is not trying to instruct private companies how to operate. It's simply saying if you wanna sell to us, these are the rules of the road.
没错。确实如此。所以我们非常谨慎地处理了第一修正案的问题,你说得对,如果私营公司想推出带有偏见的AI产品,我们不会告诉人们不能使用它。
Yes. That's true. So we were very careful about the First Amendment issues and you're right that if a private company wants to put out a biased AI product, we're not gonna tell people they can't use it.
对。而且它可能行得通。可能会成功。人们可能会喜欢,诸如此类。
Right. And it could work. It could be successful. People might like it, yada yada.
对吧?只是说联邦政府不会用纳税人的钱购买那些因屈从于某种意识形态议程而损害了准确性和质量的AI模型。
Right? Just saying that the federal government is not gonna spend taxpayer money buying AI models that have compromised their accuracy and quality because they're beholden to some, you know, ideological agenda.
这与对待大学的方式类似。对吧?听着,你可以办一所带有偏见的大学。我们只是不会资助它。
Which is similar to the approach with the universities. Right? Hey, listen. You could have a biased university. We're just not gonna fund it.
我们不会参与。我认为这样相当合理。
We're not participating. I think it's it's quite reasonable in that way.
我只想说,相比拜登政府当初要求在所有模型中嵌入DEI(多元平等包容)政策时,我们在这方面要谨慎得多。他们并未区分公共资金与私人资金,或是政府采购与
I would just say that, you know, we were a lot more careful about this than the Biden administration was when they required that DEI be inserted into all these models. They didn't distinguish between public and private money or government procurement versus
你可以
You can
私人模型。他们试图将DEI渗透到所有领域。而我们在此寻求的只是中立性。明白吗?我们要的是消除意识形态偏见。
private models. So they just they were trying to suffuse DEI into everything. And what we're looking for here is just neutrality. Right? We're looking for a lack of ideological bias.
第一步是废除拜登的那项行政令,总统上任第一周就完成了。这次更进一步,算是给硅谷这些公司一个警告:听着,你们必须公正行事,必须保持意识形态中立。
The first step was to get rid of that Biden EO, which the president did his first week in office. This goes a little bit further, and it's a little bit of a shot across the bow of these Silicon Valley companies saying, look, you need to play it straight. You need to be ideologically unbiased.
作为默认标准。
As the default.
作为向政府销售产品时的默认标准,你们不能为了输出价值观而牺牲准确性。归根结底,准确性和追求真相才是标准,对吧?这才是目标,终极目标。
As the default, when you sell to the government, you can't insert your values at the expense of accuracy. Look, at the end of the day, accuracy and truth seeking is the standard. Right? That's the goal. That's the goal.
我们不愿看到质量、准确性和真相追求因这些意识形态而
We don't want the quality, accuracy, and truth seeking to be sacrificed because of these ideological Are
你们现在还观察到这种现象吗?或者说,当你提到硅谷这些公司时,从你的角度来看,这仍然是普遍存在的担忧或普遍现象吗?你是否仍看到很多模型基于带有意识形态倾向的系统训练,优待某些群体而忽视其他群体?
you still seeing that? Or, like, when you say these Silicon Valley companies, I mean, is this still kind of a widespread concern or widespread deployment from your point of view where you're sitting? Like, are you still seeing a lot of the models being trained on ideological systems that, you know, are preferential to one group and not to another?
我认为半年前这更令人担忧。自特朗普总统当选并上任后,虽然氛围没有发生剧烈转变——比如'觉醒主义'正在自行消退——但我认为这是大势所趋。不过确实存在过这种情况,但你
I think was a much bigger concern six months ago. I don't think there's been such a huge vibe shift since president Trump's election and taking office that, like, the woke stuff is sort of going away on its own, but I and I think that's the trajectory we're headed, but it was something But you
仍然认为确保存在一个时代足够重要吗?
still think it's important enough to make sure that there's an era?
是的。就像,看,这是确保这件事不会死灰复燃。我认为自特朗普总统当选以来已经发生了巨大转变,'觉醒'文化确实不再受欢迎,而且似乎正在自行消退。但我们仍可能面临,你知道的,AI带来的奥威尔式结局。我确实认为非常重要的是持续强调AI模型应聚焦于真相和准确性,我们不希望意识形态议程牺牲这一点。
Yeah. It's like, look, this is make sure this thing doesn't come back from the dead. I think there's just been a huge shift since president Trump's election, and woke has definitely fallen out of favor, and it seems to be going away on its own. But we could still get, you know, Orwellian outcomes with AI. And I do think it's very important to just keep underscoring that what AI models should be focused on is the truth, is on accuracy, and we don't want ideological agendas to sacrifice that.
而且我认为,尽管由于氛围转变,这个问题现在没有六个月前那么突出,但我仍然认为强调这一点很重要——我们不希望
And and I think I think that even though this is a less salient issue now than six months ago, precisely because of the vibe shift, I still think it's important to underscore this point that we don't want
你会不会更进一步
Would you go so far
我们不希望AI走向奥威尔式的方向。
We don't want AI taking an Orwellian direction.
是的。你会不会进一步限制言论自由并使其无意识形态偏见?比如,如果可能的话,你会制定这样的法律吗?不。再次强调,联邦政府采购与这些私营公司选择在其系统中体现的所谓'价值观'之间的区别。
Yeah. Would you go so far as to limit free speech and make it non ideologically biased? Like, would you make that law if you could? No. Again, the decision about the federal government procuring versus what these private companies can choose to reflect as their, quote, values in their systems.
不会。
No.
他刚刚已经回答过了。他不会。
He just he already answered that. He would not.
是的。不。听着。我们理解公共采购与私人言论之间的区别。而且拜登政府并不明白这点,因为他们当时声称所有AI模型
Yeah. No. Look. I we understand the difference between public procurement and private speech. And again, in in a way that the Biden administration did not because they were saying that all AI models.
是的。必须是我出现了
Yes. Had to be I appeared
针对特定意识形态。
to a specific ideology.
关于CEI的内容。
To CEI stuff.
是的。这是他们希望植入其中的一种意识形态。你的意思是不要在其中加入意识形态。为了明确起见,我想强调一点:这是默认设置。
Yes. Was an ideology they wanted embedded in it. You're saying don't put an ideology in it. Just to be clear here, wanna make one point. This is the defaults.
任何人在开始提问或设置他们偏好的语言模型时都可以声明:我是无神论者,这是我的信仰,请在对话中考虑这一点。或者说我是天主教徒,我是性工作者。
Anybody who wants to could when they start their prompt or they set up their preferred language model could say, I'm an atheist. Here's what I believe. Please speak to me with this in mind. Or I'm a Catholic. You know, I'm a prostitute.
随你所愿
Whatever you want
没错。
That's right.
这是我的信仰体系。请永远不要以这种方式提及这三个主题。所以这是默认设置。我认为向你解释这一点很重要。
Here's my belief system. Please never reference, you know, these three subject matters in this way. So this is the default. I think it's a great thing to explain to you.
J Cal,我认为这是个很好的例子。我确实认为我们最终会看到宗教AI。我们会看到根据人们宗教信仰定制的AI
I think that's a great example, J Cal. I do think we'll end up seeing religious AI. I think we'll see AI that's tuned to people's religious beliefs
以及其他
and other
意识形态的。但我想是的。
ideological. But I think yeah.
我们曾投资的一个初创公司最初做学习类应用,但举步维艰,后来他们转做祈祷应用。结果这款祈祷应用突然爆火,现在简直就像印钞机一样赚钱。所以这个市场绝对潜力巨大。
I have one of the startups we did was doing a learning app, and they were struggling, and they just made a prayer app. And their prayer app went parabolic, and now they're just, like, printing money. So there is definitely a huge market here.
吉格尔,你最精彩的时刻是什么?
Jigal, what were your highlights?
能参与所有环节真的很棒,我很感激。我们...不,我是认真的。我
It was great to be, you know, included in everything, so I appreciate that. We had No. I'm being dead serious. I'm
太兴奋了。邮件终于没有寄丢。
being so excited. Finally didn't get lost in the mail.
我是温和派。虽然有人想把我塑造成愚蠢的自由派,但我其实是独立温和派。我们也曾有过精彩辩论,这并非全是给政府的赞美诗。最精彩的时刻之一就是JD·万斯。
I'm a moderate. I know people wanna make me into, like, a stupid lib, but I am an independent moderate. And there were moments in time when we had great debate too. This wasn't just a love letter to the administration. One of the great moments was JD Vance.
最棒的是他主动来交流切磋,和精英们相处。他一上来就针对我,说'嘿,你在那件事上把我当成了哔——(消音)'。我们进行了激烈辩论,他就这样直接冲我来。
It was just great that he wanted to come chop it up and just hang with the besties. And he came out and he went right at me. He was like, hey. You treated me like a beep at the thing. We had a big debate, and, you know, he went right at me.
我当时就说:好啊,那就来战。想讨论这些?他回答:没错,咱们好好聊聊。
And then I was like, okay. It's on. Wanna talk about stuff? And he said, yeah. Let's get into it.
这正是我欣赏JD的地方。在我看来,JD像是未来政治家的典范。虽然这是特朗普政府时期...
And that's what I love about JD. JD to me seems like the politician of the future. I know this is like the Trump's administration. So
你喜欢他?
you like him?
不,不。我对特朗普是欣赏,但对JD是喜爱——因为他年轻、有主见、敢于交锋。他整天泡在推特上与人互动,在各种群体中活跃...我就说这么多。
No. No. I I'm in like with Trump. I'm in love with JD because he's young, he's opinionated, and he likes to mix it up. He's on Twitter all day long, he engages people on Twitter, he engages people in other groups, I'll leave it at that.
我认为我们进行了一场非常坦诚的移民问题讨论,最后回到了高技能移民的话题上。这目前对MAGA运动和整个国家来说都是个敏感议题,涉及移民和人才招募。
And we had a really, I think, honest discussion about immigration, and we got back to the high skilled immigration question. That's the third rail for MAGA and and for the country right now, immigration, recruiting.
你是说你一上来就提了这个话题?
You mean you brought it up right off the bat?
不,不是。是他先...
No. No. He said he
想讨论的不是这个。
wanted talk about no.
是你提起的。不不不,是你...
You brought it up. No. No. No. Your
的老调重弹
hobby horse
非常说道,想继续
very said, wanna continue
辩论。我说好吧,那就继续辩论。于是他火力全开,提出了一个非常犀利的观点,我想在Amplify节目里重点强调。
the debate. And I said, okay. Let's continue the debate. So here we go. He was super spicy and he made a great super spicy point that I wanna point out here on Amplify.
如果企业要开始裁员——最近《金融时报》发布了一份惊人的图表,对比了大学学历男性和非大学学历男性的失业率。过去这两者间通常存在巨大差距,也就是说有大学学历的男性就业优势明显。但现在这个趋势完全逆转了,两者几乎持平。对于20到27岁的年轻男性群体来说,大学文凭已不再具备就业优势。
If companies are gonna be laying people off and there was an incredible chart that came out, was in the Financial Times, and they showed male college graduates versus non college graduate males. And there was usually a huge gap in unemployment between those two. In other words, if you had the college degree, you you had a much better chance than the noncollege degree male. And now those two things have flipped or they're, like, neck and neck. If you have a college degree, you have no advantage as a man coming out in this, you know, twenty to twenty seven year old range.
这是男性情况。女性实际上表现更好,大学里女生比男生多等等。但JD非常关注这点,他表示目前非常担忧。这就是为什么我欣赏JD——他敏锐地意识到企业正在要求增加H1B签证名额,这通常是为了节省成本,本应引进高技能人才。但微软既然要裁员9000人,为什么还要求增加H1B签证呢?
This is men. Women are actually doing better, more women in college than men, yada yada. But he's very attuned to this and he said he's got big concerns right now. So this is, again, why I love JD because JD is very tuned into the fact that people are asking for more h one b visas and that typically is to save money and supposed to be very skillful. But why is Microsoft laying off 9,000 people then asking for more H1B visas?
这是一个真正寻求真相的诚实问题,本届政府很难讨论这个话题。我知道你们有史蒂夫·米勒这样的人站在极端的立场,想要驱逐两三千万人,塔克,你也知道,还有更温和派的人士。我认为那对美国和我们播客来说都是一个重要时刻,能够发起挑战并进行关键讨论,他在那里提出了很好的观点。第二点,我们进行了一场关于能源的精彩辩论,我认为。不,我不同意。
This is a really honest truth seeking question and it's hard for this administration to talk about this issue because I know you got Steve Miller, batting whatever people all the way on one side who wanted to deport twenty, thirty million people, Tucker, you know, and then you have other people who are more moderate. And I thought that was like a really great moment in time for America and for us as a podcast to challenge and have a really important discussion and he made some great points there. Number two, we had a great debate, I think, about energy. No. Disagree.
你不同意?好吧。
You disagree? Okay.
我不同意,因为我觉得你用来挑战他的论据并非事实也不真实,我很乐意私下和你辩论。我觉得他被问住了,但整个过程显得...不,太粗鲁且不合时宜。百分之百,如果你...
I disagree with the because I think you challenged him with I I think you challenged him with things that were not facts and not true, I'm happy to debate that with you offline. I think he was caught off guard, but I think it was pretty, like Well, no. Rough and inappropriate. 100 p if you
觉得他不合适,那随你便。最喜欢的
think he's inappropriate, that's fine. Walked favorite
时刻都是他遭遇
moments were all the ones where he got
不。
No.
不。糟糕。
No. Bad.
是我们展开辩论的那些时刻。
Was the ones where we had debate.
这就是你在描述的。
That's what you're describing.
不。不。是有辩论发生的那些。
No. No. Where there were debates.
当你和副总统发生争执时。你还和能源部长起了冲突。
When you got into it with the vice president. You got into it with the secretary of energy.
那些是你的
Those were your
最喜欢的时刻,当你能够
favorite moments when you got to
好吧。很棒。所以好吧。行。我喜欢在重要议题上有点小冲突、小辩论。
Okay. Great. So okay. Fine. I like when there's a little conflict, a little debate about an important issue.
当我走过观众席时——要知道90%是共和党人、GOP、MAGA等——人们都说那是个精彩时刻。我真的很喜欢那场辩论,因为他不停地说什么不可靠能源之类的。我就问,你是指太阳能吗?我觉得这里面有些关于可靠性的误导信息。
And when I walk the audience, which was, you know, 90% Republican, GOP, MAGA, etcetera, people said that was a great moment. I really liked that debate because he kept saying, like, nonreliable energy or whatever. I said, you talking about solar? And I think there was a little misinformation reliable.
不。这不是误导。用电池的话。
No. It's not misinformation. With a battery.
现在德州有些日子30%靠风能。知道吗?比如我可以告诉你,我住在伟大的德州
Right now, Texas is 30% some days, wind and energy. You know? Like, I can tell you I live in the great state
德州太阳能占比大约5%,让你了解一下。
of Texas. Texas is Texas is roughly 5% solar, just so you know.
你说什么?
What's that?
德州太阳能占比大约5%。
Texas is roughly 5% solar.
没错。在风力最佳的日子里,风电还能额外贡献25%到30%的发电量。这就是它的优势所在。我的观点是,建设太阳能和电池储能电站比新建燃煤电厂更便宜。这是百分之百确定的。
Right. And wind puts it up to 25 to 30% on the top days. It's coming from that. My point about that is and it's cheaper to put in a solar and battery farm than a new coal plant. It is a 100%.
我们可以调出统计数据来证明。
We can pull up the stats.
太阳能的成本是天然气的两倍。它需要占用4000英亩土地,而天然气...
It is twice the cost to do solar than it is to do nat gas. It takes 4,000 acres. Whereas nat
我说的是煤炭。天然气只需要20英亩。我强调的是煤炭。
gas I said coal. Nat gas takes 20 acres. I said coal.
没人提煤炭。这些人的核心主张是使用天然气,也就是甲烷。
No one said coal. These the the big advocacy with these guys is to use nat to use methane.
哦不,他一直在说甲烷煤炭、清洁煤炭、清洁煤炭。这话他重复了五十遍。
Oh, no. He was saying methane coal, clean coal, clean coal. He said it 50 times.
这些甲烷发电厂的造价只有太阳能的一半。不到两年就能建成投产,绝对可靠。要产生一千兆瓦电力,与其占用4000英亩的太阳能板,不如用大概20英亩就能搞定。现在我们来谈谈污染问题。
These methane plants are half the cost of solar. They can get stood up in less than two years Absolutely. To generate a gigawatt. And instead of being 4,000 acres of solar, you can get it done for, you know, call it 20 acres. Now talk a little bit about pollution.
这也是他们推行这个方案的重要原因。甲烷的一大优势是它确实比煤炭清洁,所以他们选择使用它——比石油更清洁。
And that's a big part of why they're doing this. Well, a big part of methane is that it's actually cleaner than coal, which is why they're using it cleaner than oil.
也比核能清洁。
And nuclear.
比石油清洁。而这两种最脏的能源...
Cleaner than oil. And the two dirtiest ways
获取能源的方式。现在科学人士,现在
of getting energy. Now science guy, now
谈谈太阳能。关于为何它更便宜、更快速,这正是他所倡导的,对吧?重点不在于太阳能本身的对错——你说得对,运行时它的碳足迹确实更低。
do solar energy. About why about why it is cheaper and faster, which is what he was making an advocacy for. Right? It's not about like, solar, yes, you're right. It has a lower carbon footprint when you're running it.
但归根结底,这些人关注的焦点以及美国面临的重大挑战是:我们如何扩大本土能源生产?是的。而扩大能源生产,我个人认为需要扫清核能领域的监管障碍,克里斯·赖特对此一直直言不讳——
But at the end of the day, what these guys are focused on and a big challenge for America is how do we scale energy production in The States? Yes. And scaling energy production, I personally think we need to fix the regulatory roadblocks in nuclear, and Chris Wright's been very vocal on
我们都同意这点。
all agree on that.
但事实是,美国拥有的天然气资源储备,以及我们能快速部署天然气能源生产的能力,正是使其成为当前可靠能源的关键——如果美国想实现从1太瓦到2太瓦的增速超越现有预期的话。
But the fact is this nat gas supply that we have in The United States and the fact that we can deploy nat gas energy production very quickly is what makes it such a reliable source right now if The US wants to have a chance at scaling from one terawatt to two faster than we currently
这就是原因所在。
have projected to do. And that's the reason.
懂吗?重点不是说太阳能不好。太阳能本身没问题。这不是争论的焦点。关键在于,老兄,我们必须快速行动,必须确保能源可靠——我只是想在辩论中指出这点。
You know? It's not it's not about, like, solar is being bad. Solar is bad. Like, that's not the the argument. It's just like, dude, we we gotta get moving fast and we gotta have reliable energy I just wanna point in debates.
对。我只想指出我们辩论中的恶意曲解时刻。当我说煤炭vs太阳能时,你反驳说'不,你错了,是太阳能vs天然气',我认为这就是恶意曲解。
Yeah. I just wanna point out in our debates when there's bad faith moments. I think it's a bad faith moment for when I say coal versus solar, and then you say, no. You're wrong. It's solar versus nat gas.
他当时就是这么做的。这就是政客的套路。而在《All In》节目里,我们坚持基于事实、真相优先的原则,而非偏见。所以比较太阳能和天然气的部署速度时——当然,如果我们有现成天然气资源,选择它确实更快。
And that's what he was doing. This is what politicians do. Here on All In, we like to do, you know, fact based, truth first stuff, not biased stuff. And so solar, you're comparing, you know, solar and how fast it is versus how fast it is to go to gas. Of course, it's faster to go to nat gas if we have those available.
暂且不谈这点。这场辩论很重要。你我能够辩论它本身就很有意义。另外我觉得AMD的丽莎表现太棒了,我很久没听到她的消息了。
Let's put that aside. It's an important debate. The fact that you and I are debating it is important. And I also thought Lisa from AMD was fantastic. I haven't heard from her.
顺便
By the
提一句,我刚想指出,当我回到会议现场时——我之前离开了一段时间去白宫然后又回来了。我回来后大家对我说的第一句话都是:你看到杰伊·卡尔对克里斯·莱特耍混蛋了吗?所有人都在讨论这件事,对,就是那个混蛋。
way, just wanna point out that when I got back to the conference so I I left for a time to go back to the White House and then came back. The first thing everyone said to me when I got back was, did you see Jay Cal being a jerk to Chris Wright? They were everyone was, like, all about yeah. The A jerk.
他是公务员,必须回答尖锐问题。你当时跟他说话的方式根本不像...
He's a civil servant. He has to answer hard questions. You didn't talk to him in a in a in a
不像你平时会用的...
in a way that you would
基本上所有人都觉得你是个混蛋
Basically, everyone thought you a jerk
对克里斯·莱特,你对JD也挺混蛋的。你回忆中最喜欢的会议瞬间是什么?
to Chris Wright, and you were kinda a jerk to JD. And what are your favorite moments?
骂我是混蛋。
Called me an asshole.
你现在回忆起来,会议中最喜欢的瞬间是什么?
What are your favorite moments from the conference you're reminiscing about?
说你对我态度很混蛋。总之重点是,你在全情投入时会遇到这种情况...
Said you were an asshole to me. Anyway, the point is one thing you're gonna get here at the all in
这就是所有人的看法
time. This is what everyone
正在说。
was saying.
我要说这个。
I'm gonna say this.
三分之二混合比例
Two out of three with a mix
说这个。你差点把整个事情搞砸了。
saying this. You almost derailed the whole thing.
不,等等。是我搞砸的。你是公务员,萨克斯先生。你是公务员。
No. Wait. I derailed it. You're a civil servant, mister Sachs. You're a civil servant.
你们都是公务员。是的。我已经忍受了
You're all civil servants. Yeah. I've been putting up
你五年来的播客干扰。那些尖锐的问题。是政府服务工作的完美训练,除了这五年播客被你打断的部分。
with you for five years of this podcast. The hard questions. Was perfect training for government services beyond the podcast being interrupted by you for five years.
没错。
Yes.
这就是为什么我如此
That's why I'm so
准备充分。12号。你们要明白是为我们工作,所有人,九月峰会的第八和第九天你们都要接受尖锐提问,届时我们将在洛杉矶举行全员峰会。
ready. 12. You learn about you work for us, all of you, and you're all gonna take hard questions and you're all gonna take hard questions on September, summit eighth and ninth, when we have the all in summit in Los Angeles.
顺便说一句,我要说的是,没错。事后克里斯·赖特的参谋长特意来找我,我说,哦,抱歉。我听说杰伊·卡尔对赖特部长很无礼。他却说,哦,不。克里斯很喜欢这样。
By the way, one thing I'll say is Yes. Chris Wright's chief of staff care to me afterwards, and I said, oh, I'm sorry. I heard Jay Cal was a jerk to to secretary Wright. And he's like, oh, no. Chris loved it.
他就喜欢这种针锋相对。
He loves mixing it up.
好吧。
Okay. Of
他将于9月8日参加奥林峰会。
coming to he's coming to Olin Summit on September 8.
等不及要和他多辩论几轮了。
Can't wait to debate him more.
所以等不及
So Can't
要再多较量几番。
wait to mix it up more.
所以他喜欢这种交锋。值得称赞
So he he likes mixing it up. So kudos
好的。
to Okay.
而且确实如此
And and so did
所以你的副总统JD·万斯也是。顺便说一句,别再叫他JD了。
so did JD Vance, the vice president to you. Stop calling him JD, by way.
好吧,听着。我想说的是,副总统JD·万斯和我一直在直接沟通。我们有吗?是的。不,你们没有。
Well, I mean, listen. I just wanna say, vice president JD Vance and I have been directly communicating. Have a we yes. No. You haven't.
大卫·萨克斯,你最可怕的噩梦。
David Sacks, your worst nightmare.
天啊。你最糟糕的情况发生了。搞什么鬼?
Oh my god. Your worst is ruined. What the fuck?
我们把杰·卡林送到华盛顿,现在看看发生了什么。
We let Jay Kalin to Washington and now look what's happening.
是的。听着,我想和大家坦诚相待。我要问任何我想问的问题,不管嘉宾是谁,没人能阻止我。唯一能阻止我的方法就是给我开一张巨额支票,买断我在这个播客的股份,然后用某个平庸之辈取代我。
Yeah. That's and listen. I wanna level set with everybody. We I am gonna ask whatever fucking question I want to whatever guest we have and nobody's stopping me. The only way you're gonna stop me is by writing me a huge fucking check to buy me out of this podcast and replacing me with some mid.
除非或者特勤局不让你上台,这倒是个选择。
Until Or if the secret service keeps you off stage, which might be an option.
或者特勤局不让你上台。但事实是,这个政府的一大优点就是他们喜欢混战。他们喜欢激烈的辩论。你知道谁不喜欢激烈辩论还逃避它吗?卡玛·拉玛·丁咚。
Or secret service keeps you off stage. But the truth is, this is one of the great things about this administration, Sex, is that they love to mix it up. They like great debate. You know who didn't like great debate and ran from it? Kama Lama Ding Dong.
她甚至不愿意上这个该死的播客。你知道谁不喜欢辩论吗?丁咚。周末在伯尼家的拜登,他甚至不知道播客是什么鬼东西。蒂姆·沃尔兹,他连
She wouldn't even come on this fucking podcast. You know who doesn't like debate? Ding Dong. Weekend at Bernie's Biden who didn't even know what a podcast fucking is. Tim Walts, who doesn't own
你,你确实有你的高光时刻,兄弟。你确实有
You you definitely you definitely have your moments, bro. You definitely have
但蒂姆·沃尔兹并不持有任何股权。他显然没有持有一家公司的任何股份。他甚至不拥有自己的房子。而吉米·坎摩尔还在那里对特朗普的储蓄账户大做文章。等等。
But Tim Walts doesn't own an equity. He clearly doesn't own one share of any company. He doesn't own his home. And Kimmel is on there giving a hard time about the Trump savings accounts. Wait.
我的意思是,我甚至不知道那是否在
I mean, I don't even know if that's on the
该死的,尽管你很喜欢。你以为那很棒,当你赢得
fucking though, which you love. You thought that was good when you win the
以为他或许能与美国中产阶级对话。然后我发现,当他们进行深度对手研究时,发现这家伙不持有一股股票。这家伙不拥有自己的房子。他在财务上一窍不通,而我们却在
thought he might be able to speak to, like, the middle of America. And then I find out, like, when they do the the deep oppo research that the guy doesn't own one stock. The guy doesn't own his home. He's financially illiterate, and we're making
他一生都在为政府工作。他整个职业生涯都在政府任职。
He's been employed by the government. He's been employed by the government his whole life.
我是说,你有没有
I mean, have you
就是这样。
There it is.
确实如此。
It is.
这就是杰克·阿尔索尔会帮他们赢得选举的原因。你永远无法摆脱这一点。我记得你发推的时候。你以为那就是关键。你以为那是神来之笔。
That's what Jake Althol would win them the elections. You're never gonna live that down. I remember when you tweeted. You thought that was it. You thought that was the masterstroke.
我当时是这么想的
I thought it
或许这本该是助他们赢得选举的制胜一招。
might The masterstroke that was gonna win them the election.
嘿听着,诺斯特拉卡尼斯并非百发百中。不,就连诺斯特拉卡尼斯也不可能百发百中。但顺便说一句,确实有消息称南希·佩洛西曾想搞闪电式初选。
Hey. Listen. Nostracanis does not bat a thousand. No Even nostracanis cannot bat a thousand. But it did come out, by the way, that Nancy Pelosi wanted to do the speedrun primary.
不知道你是否注意到——为了避免过多重复——萨克斯,我想...对。关于内容部分存在一个分歧点,如果你愿意探讨的话...媒体当时对此大做文章并重点炒作的就是:尊重知识产权,尊重版权。对于特朗普总统演讲中这个相当尖锐的部分,目前反馈如何?
I don't know if you saw that just not to rehash too much stuff. Saxe, I wanna Yeah. Say there was one point of difference if you wanna get into it around the the the content part of part of it where and this is something that the press was having a a field day with and they really keyed on, which was, hey, respecting IP, respecting copyright. What's the feedback been so far on that, which was a pretty spicy part of president Trump's speech?
我认为总统的发言非常务实。他说我们必须对知识产权采取常识性态度。他指出如果要为训练AI模型而必须与互联网上每篇文章、每个网站、每本书籍、每项知识产权达成协议,这是不可行的。他说:我尊重创作者的心血,但你们不可能为每件作品都谈判协议。如果我们要求AI模型这么做而中国不要求——他们也不会,他们会直接训练所有数据无论是否盗版——那我们就会输掉AI竞赛。
Well, I think what the president said was just very pragmatic. He said we had to have a common sense approach towards intellectual property. And he said if you have to make a deal with every single article on the Internet, every single website, every single book, every piece of IP in order to train an AI model, it wasn't feasible. He said, look, I appreciate the work that went into people creating these works, but you're not gonna be able to negotiate a deal for every single one of them. And if we require our AI models to do that, and China doesn't and they won't, they're just training on everything whether it's, you know, pirated or not, then we're gonna lose the AI race.
所以他实际上是支持合理使用原则的。我不确定他是否用了"合理使用"这个术语,但本质上...是的,他站在了合理使用的立场上。
So I think he took the side of a fair use definition. I don't know if he used the term fair use, but effectively Yeah. He was taking the side of a reasonable fair use.
戴夫·费伯,你对这部分怎么看?能给贾马尔些建议吗?
What did you think of that part, Dave? Faber? Do you have any thoughts for Jamal on that part?
我认为他完全正确。我早说过:如果内容在互联网上,如果内容属于公开领域——我坚决反对"AI训练等同于AI复制受版权材料"的观点。如果AI输出的文字、音频或视频包含受版权内容,那才100%构成侵权。
I think he's absolutely right. I've said this before. If something's in the Internet, if something's in the open domain and I strongly disagree with the idea that AI getting trained is the same as AI replicating copyright material. If AI outputs text or outputs audio or outputs video that contains copyright material, it is a 100% in violation of copyright.
顺便说下,他确实提到了这点。
And he said that, by the way.
没错。如果AI在学习过程中像人类一样通过阅读受版权材料来理解模式、推理和概念——就像作家通过阅读大量小说学习写作技巧、概念和理论,然后创作自己的作品那样——这并不构成侵权。
Yes. And if the AI is learning, it is understanding patterns, it is understanding reasoning, it is understanding concepts by reading copyright material just like humans do. A writer, an author, reads a bunch of fiction, learns good techniques, learns good concepts, learns good theory from reading all those books, and then goes and writes his or her own book, they are not violating copyright material in the same way that
弗里德伯格,如果所有《纽约时报》内容都不在公开互联网上呢?
the AI wall, Friedberg. What if it's all the New York Times content is behind the open Internet?
百分之百正确。那些内容确实应该付费或获得授权。我指的是开放的互联网,开放的内容。明白了。
100%. You're you're a 100% correct. That should be paid for or licensed. I'm talking about the open Internet. I'm talking about open Got it.
公开素材。Common Crawl。我说的是那些属于公共领域的东西。
Material. Common crawl. I'm talking about stuff that's in the open domain.
哪个Common Crawl?有个叫...
Which common crawl. There's a thing called
Common Crawl。假设有人偷了一百本书,放在他们的盗版俄罗斯网站上,上面有上千本书,你不小心爬取了这些内容,那你就有义务删除它们。
common crawl. There was if somebody stole a 100 books, let's say, and put them on their website and it was a pirated Russian website with a thousand books on it and you accidentally crawled it, you would be obligated to take that out then.
我想我们都同意这一点。没错。
I think we all agree. Correct.
好的。没错。因为很多诉讼就是围绕这个的。我想我们达成了一些共识。我只是想说,这一点非常重要,尤其对我这样的内容创作者和在这个领域工作多年的人来说。
Okay. Correct. Because that's what a lot of the lawsuits around. So I think we're reaching something. I just wanna say, you know, this is such an important point, especially to me as a content creator and somebody who spent his career in this.
我一直在思考最终目标。我现在在帕克城,刚刚做了一个主题演讲,我想给你们看看我做的东西,Saxx,因为我觉得我们必须看到最终的结果。在我的演讲中,我谈了一点如何度过这场斗争,然后可能找到解决方案。所以我让团队模拟了《纽约时报》网站和ChatGPT合作的场景。这里你看到你在《纽约时报》网站上,用GPT提问。
I've been thinking about the endgame and I was I'm here in Park City. I was just giving this a keynote and I wanted to show you something I made, Saxx, because I think we have to get to the the endgame here. So in my talk, I talked a little bit about how can we get through this fight and then maybe getting to a solution. So I had my team mock up the New York Times website here and ChatGPT doing a deal with them. So here you see you're on the New York Times website and you ask it a question powered by GPT.
你可能会问这个问题。实际上,你用ChatGPT的账号登录,也可能是Grok或Gemini。比如问‘最早提到普京的内容是什么’,如果你是个普京粉丝之类的,然后它会搜索并给出相关结果。我还做了另一个例子,显然这会是ChatGPT的独家功能。
You ask it, hey. You might ask this question. In fact, you log in with your Chet GPT credentials, your and it could be Grok, it could be Gemini. Give me the earliest mentions of Putin, know, if you were a fan of Putin or something, and it would then go through that and give you your your Putin references. And then I made another one and then obviously, this would be an exclusive to ChatGPT.
这会是一种独家合作。然后在Disney+频道上,想象你可以把自己变成绝地武士,上传你的照片,孩子们可能会很喜欢这个。你上传照片,可以把自己变成绝地武士。Freeburg,你之前提到过几次关于未来叙事的故事。你上传照片,然后它把你变成绝地武士。这是达斯·卡利卡尼斯。所以...
It would be one of those things where, you know, they get an exclusive. And then here on the Disney plus channel, imagine you could make yourself into a Jedi Knight and you could then upload your photo, you know, kids might really get into this, you upload your photo, you can make you talked about this, Freeburg, a couple of times of the future of narrative storytelling. You up your photo and then it makes you into a Jedi Knight. There's there's Darth Kallikanis. So
在我看来这侵犯了他们的商标权。
That looks to me infringing on their trademark.
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那是什么?
What's that?
你是在侵犯他们的版权吗?
Are you infringing on their their copyright?
这是合理使用。这是合理使用。这是新闻报道中合理使用的完美范例。
This is fair use. This is fair use. This is a perfect example of fair use for editorial.
你还侵犯了Ozempic的权益。那是Trust
You're also infringing on some Ozempic. That's Trust
听着。我确实在这里侵犯了Ozempic的权益。伙计们,我已经不用Ozempic了。现在改用肽类了,兄弟。我在执行金刚狼方案。
me. I am definitely infringing on some Ozempic here. Guys, I'm I'm past Ozempic. I'm on to peptides now, man. I'm on the Wolverine Protocol.
看看你?是啊。我开始做...我是说...我不吃...什么播客
Look at Are you? Yeah. I started doing the I mean, I I don't take What pod
能出什么问题呢?
could go wrong?
千万别听播客主的健康建议。第一条原则,要听Chamot的建议,因为他体脂率只有6%,我觉得这解释了你为什么总爱显摆私密部位。可能因为脂肪太少,不过我就点到为止。
Podcaster's advice. Please don't take a podcaster's advice on your health care. Rule number one, take Chamot's advice because he's got six percent body fat, which I think attributes to much of your pomp and circumstance around your privates. I think it has to do with the lack of fat, but I'm gonna leave it at that.
首先,是11.5%,不过你知道...就是...就像...就像我暑假前那样,之后就会涨到12%或13%
First of all, it's 11 and a half, but, you know, it it that's that's like that right that's like right before I go on summer vacation, then it then it ends up at 12 or 13.
你去吃那家...你去吃那家冰淇淋了吗?我们超爱的那家店叫什么来着?
Did you go get that did you go get that gelato? What was that place we went that we loved?
罗罗蜜。我每天都去那里。到目前为止,每天都去。
Lo Lo Mie. I've gone there every day. Every day so far.
你是做两个还是一个?老实说。两个还是一个。
Did you do two or one? Be honest. Two or one.
兄弟,我一直...我一直...我一直在做不。不。
Bro, I've had I've had I've been doing No. No.
每次。
Per sesh.
你是做两个还是一个?
Do you do two or one? Be
老实说。每次,我先从中份开始,然后我
honest. Per sesh, I start with the medium, and then I
最后吃小份的。对。就是这样。这东西太棒了。
and I finish with the small. Yeah. Exactly. You this stuff is so good.
我从未尝过这样的冰淇淋。简直不可思议。
I've never tasted any gelato like this. It's incredible.
我是说,这简直难以置信。我们必须在美国获得它的授权。这是个全方位的品牌。我们必须从他们那里获得授权。
Mean, it's just unbelievable. We have to license it for The United States. It's a pretty all in brand. We have to license it from them.
这真的太不可思议了。
It's really incredible.
但是,查马斯,或者任何想参与讨论的人,弗里德伯格、萨克斯,我们怎么看待这个问题的结局?因为这里有几起重大诉讼。它们将在未来一两年内得到解决。对于我今天展示的这些未来图景,你们怎么看?
But, Chamath, just generally speaking or anybody who wants to have at it, Friedberg, Sachs, what do we think about the endgame here? Because there's some major lawsuits here. They're gonna get settled in the next year or two. What what do we think about sort of the future I've shown here today?
我认为萨克斯刚才强调的完全正确。
I think what Saks just highlighted is exactly right.
听着。我们必须采取常识性方法,否则我们就会在AI竞赛中落后。我是说,等一下——决定AI质量的关键因素之一就是数据量。这很简单。
Look. We gotta have a common sense approach here or we're gonna lose the AI race. I mean, one of the key hold on. One of the key determinants of AI quality is the amount of data that you have. It's very simple.
对吧?有几个基本要素:能源、芯片、数据,还有算法。如果在任何一个方面落后,你就会陷入困境。没错。
Right? It's there's a few building blocks. There's energy, there's chips, and there's data, and there's algorithms. And if you lose on any one of those dimensions, then you're in trouble. Right.
所以,听着,我们不能让中国可以训练整个互联网的数据,而我们的AI模型却因为需要与每个网站单独谈判合同而束手束脚。完全同意。
So, look, you just can't have a situation where China can train on the entire internet and our AI models are hamstrung by needing to contract Totally. Negotiate contracts with every single website.
但现在的情况就像欧洲那样。
But right now It's like Europe.
埃隆拥有X,对吧?他现在拥有推特(现在的X)。萨姆·奥特曼有权在他的语料库中使用X的数据吗?
Elon owns x. Right? He owns Twitter for now x. Does Sam Altman have the right to use x in his corpus?
那些是公开可用的吗?
It's publicly available?
不,不是。不,它是
No. It's not. No. It is
非公开可用的。结束
not public available. End
重点。这不是一个公开的端点。
point. It's not a public endpoint.
老实说,不知道。有些边缘情况我不清楚答案。我们需要制定公平的
Honestly, don't know. There's I don't know the answer to that. There's some edge cases here. We're gonna have to come up with fair
关键在于是否在付费墙后面。而是这些API是否存在,以及你是否在合同上被允许使用它们
use about whether it's behind a a paywall or not. It's whether these APIs exist and whether you're you're actually contractually allowed to use them or
与否。服务条款。
not. The terms of service.
没错。服务条款。每个网站上都会公布关于内容的使用条款。
Correct. The terms of service. It's published on every website what the terms of service are with respect to the content.
我认为让人们选择退出是可以的。我们已经在Common Crawl中这样做了。你可以在网站页脚放入robots.txt来选择退出Common Crawl。Common Crawl是一个非营利组织,基本上每隔几个月就会存档整个网络。
I think it would be okay to let people opt out, you know. So we already have this with Common Crawl. You can put in the footer of the website, you put in robots. Txt and you opt out of Common Crawl. Common Crawl is like this nonprofit organization that basically archives the entire web every few months.
由Gil Elbaz资助,他以前是谷歌的。节目的忠实粉丝。参加我们的峰会。是个很棒的人。
Funded by Gil Elbaz, formerly of Yeah. Formerly of Google. Great fan of the pod. Shows up to our summit. It's a great guy.
而OpenAI最初就是建立在Common Crawl之上的,
And all of OpenAI was built off of Common Crawl originally, the
但他们非常明确地表示,你必须清除版权问题,不能直接使用OpenCrawl。
And first he but they're very clear by the way. They say you have to clear copyrights, you don't get to just use OpenCrawl.
我能大胆猜测一下吗?不知道你们今天有没有看到亚马逊与《纽约时报》2500万美元的交易?
Can I go out on a limb? Don't know if you guys saw this Amazon deal with the New York Times for $25,000,000. Did you see that today?
不,我今天没看到。请解释一下。
No. I didn't see it today. Explain it, please.
我认为《纽约时报》将其所有内容(包括《The Athletic》和其他一些内容)授权给亚马逊用于训练,每年2000万美元。抱歉,是每年2000万美元。好吧。
I think that the New York Times licensed Amazon all of their content including The Athletic and a bunch of other things for training. 20,000,000. Sorry. 20,000,000 a year. Okay.
我读到这个时,觉得这是这类交易的巅峰了。从金额上看,这类交易只会从这里开始下降。这让我开始思考,五年后专利和版权是否真的还存在,这种想法是否现实?我做了个假设:如果一台计算机研究了元素周期表,也理解了物理、生物、化学的定律,然后独立推导出某种原本受专利保护的材料,会发生什么?另外,如果两个竞争的AI从零开始发明了一种新材料,国际法庭会如何处理?
Here we I read that and I thought this is the peak of these deals. These deals will only go down in terms of dollar value from here. And it actually brought me to this point where I was thinking to myself, is it even realistic to believe that patents and copyrights actually exist in five years? And I went through this exercise of like, if a computer studies the periodic table and also understands the laws of physics, the laws of biology, the laws of chemistry, and then independently derives some material that is otherwise patented, what will happen? And then separately, if two competing AIs invent a new material from scratch, how will the international courts deal with this?
如果你把这些例子推到极限,那么认为存在可执行的版权,我认为是一个非常脆弱的假设。所以我实际上更多地在思考,我们必须花时间理解一个没有版权和专利保护的世界是什么样的,以及在这样的世界里,竞争的领域是什么?什么是商业秘密?在AI的世界里这意味着什么?我觉得这是个非常有趣的问题。
And if you take all of these examples to the limit, at the limit, the idea that there are copyrights, enforceable copyrights, I think is a very fragile assumption. So I'm actually thinking more that we have to spend some time understanding the landscape of a world that doesn't have copyrights and patent protections and instead, what is the surface area in which you compete? What is trade secret? What does that mean in a world of AI? And I think it's quite an interesting thing to think about.
专利完全是另一回事。我觉得这是个非常吸引人的话题。不过我要告诉你,我会站在相反的立场。如果我们想就此做个预测市场,我敢保证这将是这类交易的开始,而且交易金额会从这里开始上升。我来告诉你为什么。
Patents are a totally different beast. Think that's a fascinating string to pull on. I will tell you, I will take the other side of the bet. If we wanna make a poly market on this, I will guarantee that this will be the beginning of the deals and the deals will go up from here. I'll tell you why.
《纽约时报》做这笔交易的原因是为了表明OpenAI的行为已经损害了他们的业务,因为他们现在有了一个客户。这个客户是亚马逊的杰夫·贝索斯和贾西,现在他们可以证明损害了,这些损害可能会让他们获得对OpenAI的禁令,OpenAI必须从他们的爬取、他们的构建中移除这些内容,这对他们来说会非常昂贵。不是做不到,但会很昂贵。从社会角度想想,我们想要什么样的社会?是一个记者、作家、艺术家、音乐家、电影制作人、演员、播客无法谋生的社会,还是一个他们可以谋生的社会?
The reason the New York Times made that deal is to make it apparent that what OpenAI has done has damaged their business because now they have a customer. And their customer is Jeff Bezos at Amazon and and Jassy, and now they can show damages because and they now those damages could give them an injunction against OpenAI, and OpenAI has gotta take it out of their crawl, of their, you know, construct, and that's gonna be really expensive for them. It's not not doable, but it's gonna be expensive. And let's think on a societal basis of what we want as a society. Do we want a society in which journalists, writers, artists, musicians, filmmakers, actors cannot make a living, podcasters, or do we want a world in which they can?
而且我认为技术人员
And I think technologists
等等。但你假设了版权。作为技术人员,我们通常认为如果我们能爬取,那就是我们的。但作为艺术家,我要告诉你的是,如果我创造了它,那就是我的,你需要我的许可,因为那是我的艺术。我认为如果行业尊重这一点,会做得更好,因为现在《纽约时报》可以雇佣更多的事实核查员。
hold on. Mifish But you're assuming copywriting. As a technologist, we typically think if we can crawl it, it's ours. What I can tell you as an artist is if I make it, it's mine, and you need my permission because it's my art. And I think the industry will do better if they respect them because now The New York Times can hire more fact checkers.
但我能问你一个问题吗?是的。
But can I just ask you a question? Yeah.
说吧。当然。
Go ahead. Sure.
但为何你非要将两者视为不可分割的事物?我是说,为什么不能有人创作出——比如一首歌——而这首歌现在可以由多个AI模型共同生成。但如果它们创作了这首歌,即便没有版权,人们更可能希望由它们来演绎这首歌,而非某个随机AI。难道没有版权就无法谋生了吗?
But why do you have to connect the two as immutable things? Meaning, why can't somebody make something still you know, let's just say it's a song, but that song can now be made by multiple AI models. But if they make the song, there's a reasonable claim that even if they don't have the copyright, more people will want them to perform the song than some random AI. So can't you make a living without having the copyright?
这取决于艺术家的选择。有些艺术家曾因不愿让作品出现在某些媒介上而闻名。比如滚石乐队曾认为,若允许音乐用于广告就是出卖灵魂。当他们最终为Windows系统授权《Start Me Up》时,那已是重大让步——这该由艺术家自行决定。你说得有一定道理。
Which is the choice of the artist. Some artists are were very well known for not wanting their art to exist in some mediums. As a perfect example, the Rolling Stones for a time thought they would be sellouts if they had their music used in commercials. And when they did start me up with Windows, that was a really big concession from them, and that's up to the artist to make that decision. You make a a valid claim.
听着。没错,巡演能赚更多钱。但这是艺术家的选择权,不该由技术专家或内容窃夺者决定。顺便说,《纽约时报》年薪2000万美元的事实核查员,换算下来相当于1.021亿美元的高薪。
Hey. Yeah. You go on tour, you make more money. But that's the artist decision, not the technologists or the people stealing their content. And by the way, $20,000,000 a year is a $102,100,000 dollar highly paid journalist fact checkers at the New York Times.
他们会签下十份这类协议,这将开创新闻与内容创作的黄金时代,我们该为此感到欣喜。
They're gonna get 10 of those deals, And it's going to create a golden era age of journalism and content, and we should be happy about that.
对。杰森我提过这个例子——在Beast时,我们曾将内容授权给OpenAI进行视频训练。董事会反复讨论的是:我坚持最多签两年合约,因为我们完全无法预见未来会怎样。
Yeah. I told you this example, Jason, but at Beast, we did a a licensing deal of our content to allow OpenAI to learn Yeah. To run training runs on our videos. And at the board, the thing that we kept talking about was I was I was really concerned, like, let's just do a a couple year deal max. And the reason is we have no idea what this looks Yeah.
五到十年后,正如你所说,我们判断失误与正确的概率相当。这是半年前的想法,当时直觉告诉我应尽量缩短合约期限。但如今看到AI在全球格局中的重要性,以及中国的动向,我认为这些版权的价值终将归零。我现在更关注如何为企业构建真正的护城河,而非一纸可以用来起诉别人的文书。
Like in five or ten years and there's just as much chance to your point that we get it wrong as right. Now that was about six months ago and so the intuition that I had back then was maybe we should keep the deal term as short as possible. But now when I see how important AI is in the global landscape and what China is doing, I think on the margins that this idea that these copyrights will mean something, in my mind, I am underwriting the value of these things going to zero. And I'm asking myself instead for my businesses, how are we actually building a real defensible moat and not a piece of paper that we can use to sue somebody?
好吧弗里德伯格,你要做最后陈述吗?我们得进入其他话题了。
Okay. Friedberg, you want the last word here? We gotta move on to some other topics.
我只想确认大家都清楚。
I just wanna be Alright.
萨钦,你来做总结吧。
Sachin, you take the last word. Yeah.
我必须明确:没有人会丧失版权。版权是禁止他人复制你作品的权利。如果AI模型的输出复制或剽窃了你的作品,那就是违法。总统特别强调过:我们绝不允许复制或剽窃行为。
I just wanna be clear that nobody is losing their copyright. Copyright is the right not to have your work copied. And if an AI model produces outputs that copy or plagiarize your work, then that's a violation of the law. And I think the president specifically said that. We're not allowing copying or plagiarizing.
问题在于AI模型是否被允许在互联网上进行数学运算。
The question is whether AI models are allowed to do math on the internet.
模式识别。模式识别。基本上就是这样。J Cal,我觉得你把两者混淆了,我...不,不是这样的。
Pattern recognition. Pattern recognition. Basically, that's what it is. And it's and J Cal, I think you're conflating the two and I I No. No.
不想打断你。我只是理解这个区别。我认为这种观点——比如我不能去图书馆借本书,阅读后学习如何写好书的技巧——在AI语境下应该仅限于人类,这种想法是错误的。这正是AI在做的事:识别模式,然后建立预测算法,使输出内容开始符合各种变量设定。
Don't want interrupt it. Just I understand the understand the distinction. And and I think that this idea that, like, I can't, for example, go to the library, rent a book, read it, and then learn some of the good techniques on how to write a good book should be restricted to humans in this AI context. Like, this is exactly what they're doing. They're identifying patterns, and then they're building predictive algorithms that allow them to output stuff that starts to fit within different kind of, you know, variable settings.
你们觉得如果投入足够的算力,有可能在从未读过的情况下,从头写出迈克尔·克莱顿的《侏罗纪公园》吗?
Do you guys think it's possible that if you allocated enough compute at the problem, you could write Michael Crichton's Jurassic Park de novo without ever having read it?
是的。
Yeah.
我也这么想。我也是。
Me too. Me too.
我...我觉得
I I think
我不明白那意味着什么,就像
I don't know what that would mean, like
这就是我的观点。
Well, this is my point.
难道...我觉得人类需要《侏罗纪公园》这样的作品。我不知道
Don't I think I think humanity needs Jurassic Park is. I don't know
这个问题是什么意思。
what it this means issue.
我不知道说‘AI能写那个’是什么意思。就像
I don't know what it means to say can AI write that. Like
但你们还记得艾德·希兰的诉讼案吗?还记得那个案子吗?
But you guys remember the Ed Sheeran lawsuit? Do you remember that lawsuit?
我确实记得。但让我在这里强调一点,因为你说我不理解。我的职业生涯都在这个领域,我比你更了解它,我从诉讼案件和深入实践中理解它。我是从第一性原理来理解的,而你并非如此。
I I did. But let me just make one point here on this because you're you're saying I don't understand it. I spent my career in it. I understand it much better than you do, and I understand it from lawsuits and being in the weeds on it. Like, I understand it from first principles, which you do not.
我要说的是,我们这里讨论的是定义问题。是关于衍生作品的定义,输出结果很重要。如果你利用我的知识创作衍生作品,并使用了我的作品的一定比例,这就涉及到细微差别——衍生作品中使用了多少原作品内容,以及在什么背景下使用,是商业还是非商业。这显然是一个商业案例。如果OpenAI现在是非营利组织,我们的讨论会完全不同,因为那样你就不会作为版权持有者与我竞争,利用这个新媒介创作衍生作品。
And I will say this is what we're talking about here is the definition. It's the definition of a derivative work, and the output matters. So if you were to take my knowledge and then create a derivative work from it and you used a percentage of my work, and that's where this will get into the nuance, is what percentage of the original work is used in the derivative work and under what context, a commercial context or a noncommercial. This is clearly a commercial one. If it's a if OpenAI was a nonprofit right now, we'd be having a distinctly different discussion because it would there would be you wouldn't be competing with me as the copyright holder to use this new medium and create the derivative works.
而且必须要有实质性改变。如果是类似摘要笔记
And it has to change substantially. So if it's a if it's a cliff notes
当中国拥有唯一符合你严格版权定义的模型时。
When China has the only models that are able to meet your stringent definitions of copyright.
不,问题在于:我认为‘中国威胁论’是胡扯。实话实说,中国窃取知识产权不代表你们可以偷美国人的东西。
Well, no. And here's the thing. I think the China fear the China fear shit is bullshit. I'll be totally honest here. Just because China steals IP does not mean you get to steal from Americans.
在美国我们有规则。过去三十年我们与中国的主要问题不是台湾——这已被重新定义。让我说完。
In America, we have rules. And when you go to China and by the way, we've spent the last thirty years the major issue with China is not Taiwan. Has been reframing conversation. It. Let me itself.
让我说完。科技行业本身依赖政府三四十年,包括微软、谷歌,确保我们的商业机密不被窃取,知识产权不被窃取,电影不被盗版。这才是与中国之间的核心问题。不能因为中国是小偷,就意味着美国公司可以...
Let me finish. The technology industry itself has leaned on our government for thirty, forty years, including Microsoft, including Google, to make sure our trade secrets are not stolen, our IP is not stolen, our movies are not stolen. That is the key issue with China. So just because China's a thief You don't know. Does not mean American companies get to use
你看过最新一批中国开源模型或开放源代码了吗?
seen have you seen the latest batch of Chinese open source models or open They source
他们窃取一切。这是否意味着你也可以窃取Windows?可以窃取mac.com吗?
they steal everything. Does that mean you should be able to steal Windows? Should you be able to steal mac.com?
杰森,我们不是随便窃取任何东西。埃隆说得很清楚,Grok五和未来的Grok六不会使用Common Crawl。它不会使用互联网。明白吗?它将仅使用海量合成数据。
Jason, me just just steal anything. Elon has said this pretty clearly, Grok five and for sure Grok six will not use Common Crawl. It will not use the Internet. Okay? It'll just be an enormous amount of synthetic data.
回到我和弗莱伯格刚才达成的共识,如果你试图通过合成方式生成所有内容来学习,你不可避免地会创造出已经存在的东西。
And back to what Freiberg and I just agreed upon, if you synthetically go and try to generate all this content to learn across, you're invariably going to produce something that's already been created.
就像科幻小说级别的世界。
So like some sci fi level world.
我理解。但这正是现在正在发生的事情。它正在发生。
I understand. But that's what's happening now. It's it's happening now.
如果有人碰巧遇到Grok
If somebody happens to Grok
五或Grok六?这算侵犯版权吗?
five or Grok six? Is that violating copyright?
它甚至不知道那东西存在。在输出端...是的。这没问题。如果它在输出端创造了类似作品,他们就需要将其下架。这将是一个真正有趣的...这是我们将不得不应对的新领域。
It didn't even know that it existed. On the output yeah. That's fine. If it on the output created a similar work, they would need to then take it down. And so that that would be a a really interesting new that's a new space we're gonna have to contend with.
我能给你举个例子吗?
So Can I just you an example?
发生的情况是一个新概念,我们必须以新的方式应对。
Does happen is a new concept that we would have to address in a new way.
我给你举个科学领域的例子。ARC研究所发布的这个EVO二代模型,你知道,帕特里克·科里森是该机构的...
I'll give you I'll give you a science corner example. There's this EVO two model that they published at the ARC Institute, which Patrick Collison, you know, is the the
公司名称。
name for company.
那个EVO二代模型,他们只是吸收了世界上能找到的所有DNA数据,吞下了数万亿的碱基对数据,然后观察DNA中的模式。仅此而已。他们对DNA代表什么毫无背景知识,对基因概念毫无理解,完全不了解DNA的功能和本质。
So that EVO two model, they just ingested all the DNA data they could find in the world, trillions and trillions of base pair of data that they ingested, and then they looked at patterns in DNA. And that's it. They had no context for what the DNA represented. They had no context for the concept of genes. None of the structured understanding of what that DNA does, what it is.
知道它做了什么吗?他们输入BRCA基因变体后,这个模型在没有上下文的情况下输出警告:我认为这是DNA的致病变体。这是乳腺癌等位基因。它没有任何相关知识,也完全没有经过相关训练。它不知道存在导致癌症的致病变体,却识别出这是一种可能导致生物体某种致病结果的基因变异。
And you know what it did? They fed in the BRCA gene variant, and the thing output a warning saying, I think that this is a pathogenic variant to DNA without having any context. This is the the breast cancer allele. And it didn't have any knowledge and it did it wasn't trained on that at all. It had no knowledge that there are pathogenic variants for cancer, and it identified that this was a genetic variant that can cause some sort of pathogenic outcome in the organism.
这是个绝佳案例,说明人类层面其实并不真正理解自然界、社会和行为中某些模式的驱动因素——这些可能是AI模型正在识别的涌现现象。正如贾马尔所说,我们可能也会在娱乐等领域看到这种现象。
So that was that's a great example where there's a lack of understanding at the human level on what really drives some of the patterns in nature, the patterns in society, the patterns in behavior that are kind of emergent phenomena perhaps that these AI models are starting to identify. And I think to Jamal's point, we may end up seeing this in things like entertainment as well.
好的。这场辩论太精彩了。我们得进入下一环节。知道吗?九月份在洛杉矶的All In峰会上还会有更多精彩辩论。
Alright. This has been an amazing debate. We gotta move on. And you know what? We're gonna have more amazing debates September in Los Angeles at the All In Summit.
嘉宾阵容超强。阿里巴巴联合创始人乔西亚,ARK Invest的凯西·伍德,优步CEO达拉,红杉的罗洛夫,YouTuber克莱奥·艾布拉姆等等都会来。萨克斯,最后发言权给你。请。
The lineup is stacked. Alibaba's cofounder Josiah, Tom O'Bravo co founder, ARK Invest, Cathie Wood, Uber CEO, Dara, Sequoia's Roloff Bofa, YouTuber, Cleo Abram, and many many more coming. Sax, you get the last word here. Go.
最后发言是萨克斯。我刚看到一条推文提到中国的开放权重模型,其实就是开源模型。基本上,所有领先的美国模型都是闭源的,而所有领先的中国模型都是开源的。
Last word is Sachs. I was just highlighting this tweet that I saw where talking about Chinese open weight models or basically open source models. So basically, all the leading American models are closed source and all the leading Chinese models are open source.
这是
This is
某种程度上他们落后了。已经发挥出来了。是的。这是个相当不错的追赶技巧,确实。
kind of They're behind. Have played out. Yeah. It's a pretty good technique for catching up is to Yeah.
他们落后了。
They're behind.
开源因为这样你就能获得更庞大的开源开发者社区帮助。
Source because then you get the larger open source developer community helping you out.
那是
That's
很棒。但关键在于这些开源模型正在快速追赶。我们在许多其他方面领先。我们的芯片好得多,数据中心也更优秀等等。
great. But the point is just that these open source models are catching up pretty fast. We're ahead in many other aspects. Our chips are a lot better. Our data centers are better and so on.
而且我认为我们的闭源模型更优秀,但他们拥有开源模型这个领域。所以再次强调,如果通过制定大量合同谈判新要求来限制我们AI模型获取数据,我们真的可能输掉AI竞赛。这是非常严重的问题,绝非虚构的担忧。我不明白为何你认为这是捏造的。
And I'd say our closed source models are better, but they have this one area of open source models. So, again, if you hamstring our AI models access to data by creating a whole bunch of new requirements for contract negotiations, like, we could really lose the AI race. This is a really big deal. It's not a made up concern. I don't know why you think it's made up.
我从未说过这是捏造的。我认为这是美国获得独特优势的机会——仅亚马逊的2000万美元就相当于《纽约时报》收入的1%,这将直接转化为利润,让他们能雇佣更多记者。那些受保护的网站将实时提供内容,而这些语言模型只能去窃取。实时数据将成为Gemini、OpenAI、亚马逊等参与者的独特优势,我们可以创造
I never said that it's made up. I think it's an opportunity for America to actually have a distinct advantage, which is that $20,000,000 from Amazon alone is 1% of the New York Times revenue, and that's gonna go directly to the bottom line. It's gonna allow them to hire more journalists. Then that protected site will have be giving in real time something these language models are gonna have to go hack and steal. That real time data is gonna be a distinct advantage for Gemini, OpenAI, Amazon, whoever chooses to do it, and we can create
你怀抱着这种近乎浪漫的怀旧观念,关于新闻业和拯救《纽约时报》的必要性
You have this, like, nostalgic sort of quasi romantic notions about, like, journalism and the need to save New York Times
而且这也是艺术。
and It's also art.
所有这些事情。
All this stuff.
听着,萨克斯,你可以对我个人说任何贬低的话。这套说辞没用。不,不。你刚才说我怀旧什么的。
It's like, I mean, you can say all the derogatory things you want about me personally, Sachs. That argument doesn't work. No. No. You just said I have this whole nostalgia, whatever.
当
When
你 对。你就是。你在怀念过去存在的新闻业。
you Yeah. You do. You're nostalgic for journalism as it used to exist.
当你在辩论中对我人身攻击时,我就知道我已经赢了。这不是人身攻击。我没有怀旧。我在努力为美国创造可持续的竞争优势,而你是我们的公仆,你在运营AI。你必须接受我的反馈。
When I know I've beat you in the debate is when you make it personal like that. It's not personal. I'm not being nostalgic. I'm trying to create a sustainable a sustainable advantage for America, and you are our public servant, and you're running AI. You will take my feedback.
你必须接受
You will take
我的反馈。我们会无视你的反馈。我们会把你的反馈扔进该死的垃圾桶。
my feedback. We're gonna ignore your feedback. We're gonna ignore your feedback. We're throwing in the fucking trash.
不。你必须接受,而且我会去白宫参观。
No. You take it, and I will be showing up at the White House for my tour.
你有个疯狂的想法,认为我们绑住一只手就能赢得AI竞赛,这样你就能补贴记者。不,你会得到
You have this crazy idea that we're gonna win the AI race by tying one hand behind our back so that you can subsidize journalists. No. You'll more you'll get
更多内容。你之前不是说要更多训练数据吗?
more content. You said before you want more training data?
这太荒谬了。
It's insane.
为更多训练数据付费。你是沙皇。把这事汇报给总统。好了,我们继续推进。
Pay for Pay for more training data. You're the czar. Take it back to POTUS. Alright. Let's keep moving here.
我们必须继续推进。我们正在All In播客上进行一场精彩的辩论。这场精彩辩论不会停止,各位。
We have to keep moving. We have a great this is great debate. Great debate here on the All In podcast. It's not gonna stop, folks.
这只是你在吼叫。你只是在喊些毫无道理的话。
It's just you yelling. It's just you yelling saying things that don't make sense.
好吧。你可以这么说。你懂的。
Just Okay. You can say that. You get it.
你只加了大概三种配料,Cal。
You only have, like, three toppings to it, Cal.
我不知道发生了什么。你可以对他人进行人身攻击。
I don't what's going on. You can you can personally attack people.
第一点是我们必须接纳更多移民。
It's like we gotta let in more immigrants, number one.
第二点 高素质移民。
Number two High immigrants.
人工智能会让所有人失业。顺便说,这两件事之间看不出任何矛盾。第三点,我们需要做个总结 记者们要来了。
AI is gonna put everyone out of work. By the way, no sense of perceived contradiction between those two things. Number three, we need to, like, summarize Here comes the journalists.
我 你知道 观众们说
I you know, the audience says
不。每次都是同一个话题。
No. It's the same topic every time.
大家攻击我。不。杰森,他是唯一一个当观众
Guys attack me. No. Jason, he's the only he's the when the audience
我可以开发一个AI游戏
I can create an AI game up
像这样针对我,你们三个人联合起来,还对我进行人身攻击,观众走过来对我说,哇,你真的完胜了他们。今天做到了吗?不,还没有。
on me like this and the three of you gang up on this and you personally attack me, the audience comes up to me and they say, wow. You really nailed and beat them. Done that today? No. Not yet.
还没。稍微用了点Ozempic(减肥药)。但是
Not yet. A little bit of the Ozempic. But
但先把吃放一边。
but put aside eating.
是啊。确实如此。
Yeah. That's true.
让他吃。让他吃。就专心吃东西吧。
Let him eat. Let him eat. Involved in just eating.
他瘦得皮包骨了。体脂只有11%。让他吃。让他做饭。好吧。
He's emaciated. He's 11% body fat. Let him eat. Let him cook. Alright.
听着。萨克斯,你和我还会进行更多辩论,那将会非常精彩。购票请访问Allin.com/yadayadayada。大家快去吧。我们得处理议程了。
Listen. You and I, Saxe, will do more debate, and it's gonna be amazing. Allin.com/yadayadayada for tickets. Get in there, folks. We have to get to the docket.
已经过去一小时了,我们还有所有新闻要播报。
We're an hour in, and we still have all the news.
我们应该讨论一下Sam Allman提到的这个AI隐私问题。
We should talk about this this AI privacy issue that Sam Allman mentioned.
好的。这是个很好的过渡,David Sachs,我也看到了这个。作为负责AI事务的公务员,你在这方面可以做出额外贡献。我们还有更多工作可以交给你。好的。
Alright. That's a great segue because I saw that as well, David Sachs. And as our civil servant working on AI, this is something where you could have an additional contribution. There's more work we can give you. Alright.
听着,事情是这样的。AI用户隐私正在成为问题,因为我们的节目朋友Sam Altman表示,使用他的产品ChatGPT时没有法律保密性。这里有一段30秒的片段。再次强调,我们的节目朋友FOP Sam Altman在Theo Vonn节目上说的。
Listen. Here it is. AI user privacy is becoming an issue because friend of the pod, Sam Altman, says there is no legal confidentiality when using his product, ChatGPT. Here's a thirty second clip. Again, friend of the pod, FOP, Sam Altman On Theo Vonn.
人们会向ChatGPT倾诉他们生活中最私密的事情。尤其是年轻人,把它当作心理医生、人生导师,咨询各种关系问题。我该怎么办?而现在,如果你向心理医生、律师或医生咨询这些问题,是有法律特权的。但我们还没解决当你和ChatGPT交谈时的这个问题。
People talk about the most personal shit in their lives to chat GPT. Young people especially, like, use it as a therapist, a life coach, having these relationship problems. What should I do? And right now, if you talk to a therapist or a lawyer or a doctor about those problems, there's legal privilege for it. We haven't figured that out yet for when you talk to ChatGPT.
所以如果你向ChatGPT倾诉最敏感的事情,然后出现诉讼或其他情况,我们可能会被要求提供这些对话记录。我认为这非常不合理。我认为我们应该对与AI的对话建立与心理医生等相同的隐私概念。
So if you go talk to ChatGPT about your most sensitive stuff and then there's a lawsuit or whatever, we could be required to produce that, and I think that's very screwed up. I think we should have the same concept of privacy for your conversations with AI that we do with a therapist or whatever.
好的。Sacks,这引出了一个超级重要的问题。你怎么看?
Okay. Sacks, this is bringing up something super important. What's your take on it?
好的。我认为这是个有趣的话题,因为就像版权问题一样,这是个我们已有法律但需要重新思考这些法律是否真正适用或在这个新世界是否有意义的领域。现有的法律例子是搜索记录。政府可以获取你的搜索记录副本,可以传唤它。
Okay. Well, I I think this is an interesting topic because like copyright, this is an area where we have existing law, but it does make you rethink whether those laws are truly applicable or make as much sense in this new world. So the existing law, the existing example is search history. You know, the government can get a copy of your search history. They can subpoena it.
是的。每个真实犯罪故事都始于某人搜索'如何用毒药慢慢杀死我的丈夫',然后他们就...是的。
Yeah. Every true crime story starts with the person searched for how do I kill my husband slowly with, you know, poison, and then they Yeah.
他们就是这样...
That's how they
明白了。确实如此。但关键在于,我认为Sam对当前法律处理的看法是正确的——在法律眼中,你的聊天记录与搜索历史并无二致,但它却更为私密。它比搜索历史更具互动性。正如你所说,你可以把它当作你的医生来使用。
get it. Exactly. The point is though that I think Sam is right about the legal treatment right now, which is that your chat history isn't any different than the search history in the eyes of the law, but it is much more personal. It's much more interactive than your search history. You are using it, like you said, you could use it as your doctor.
你可以把它当作心理治疗师,当作律师。因此,联邦政府侵入隐私的能力远比对搜索历史大得多。所以我还不知道什么才是正确的政策,但必须承认这确实让我感到不安。
You could use it as your therapist. You could use it as your lawyer. And so the ability for the federal government to be intrusive is so much greater than with your search history. So I don't know what, like, the right policy should be yet, but I I will say it does make me uncomfortable.
是啊。市场可以...
Yeah. There's a market Can
我能提个建议吗?关于AI的。好的,请讲。他是我们的... 为什么不让人工智能模型通过律师资格考试和医学认证呢?如果事实证明AI模型确实更准确、更周到、反应更快、更合理,无论采用什么衡量标准,只要它们通过了与人类获得律师资格或医生执照相同的标准,我们为何不这么做?
can I make a recommendation to my Yeah. AI Yes, please. He's our Please. Why don't we let AI models get bar certified and get medically certified? So if the AI models, it turns out, are actually proving to be more accurate, more thoughtful, more responsive, more reasonable, whatever it is, whatever metric we're using, and they pass the same criteria as one would need to pass to qualify for the bar or to qualify for a doctor certificate, why don't we do that for the AI?
如果实现这一点,那么AI将享有与执业人类同等的特权。由此延伸思考,如果我们突然赋予AI与特权人类相似的权利,这最终将把AI的整体权利引向何方?
If that then happens, then the same privilege accrues to the AI as it does to the individual human that does it. And now if you extrapolate from where that takes us, if we're suddenly giving AI the same sort of privileged rights that we give to privileged humans, where is that gonna take us ultimately with respect to the overall rights for AI?
但前提是它们要承担责任。等等...
Well, they have responsibility. That hold on a second.
我只是...
I just
想再次强调:你提出了颠覆性的概念。我从未听人具体阐述过——AI能否通过专业知识认证?如果通过测试就有资格,但同时也必须承担责任。
wanna point out here once again. You have a mind blowing concept here. I've never heard anybody vocalize that. Could they actually be certified in that knowledge? And if they pass the test, makes sense they would, but then you also get responsibility.
能力越大责任越大。告诉你,虽然可以关闭这些功能,但这确实是个机遇。我会给你发个备忘录。
So with a great power comes great responsibility. I will tell you this. You can turn this stuff off, but this is an opportunity. I'm gonna send a note to you.
今天听起来可能疯狂,但我敢保证,如果你把这个设想放到Polymarket上,终将有人押注它实现的日期。
It sounds crazy today, but I guarantee if you put it on Polymarket, there will be a date when this happens.
我们来看看Polymarket。向Shane致敬。把这个调出来。我想指出的是,等下播后我会给埃隆发邮件说这事。
Let's do Let's bring up. Polymarket. Shout out to Shane. Let's get that up there. I just wanna point out, I'm gonna email Elon about this when I get off the pod.
这是个创造相当于LLM信号标杆的机会。所有聊天都应加密。所有内容都应默认加密。在Grok上默认加密,甚至让Grok都无法查看。
This is an opportunity to create the signal of the signal equivalent of an LLM. All of your chats should be encrypted. All of it should be by by default. Encrypted by default on Grok. Make it so that Grok can't even see it.
他们没有这种设置,所以当你想传唤数据时,可以像蒂姆·库克那样说:我没有数据。如果你想尝试开后门,那是你的自由。这是个市场机会。说实话,正因为如此我只用Brave浏览器和Brave搜索。我不希望我的搜索记录被保存在某个地方。
They don't have it so when you try to subpoena it, you can do what Tim Cook does, which he says, like, I don't have it. You you if you wanna try to backdoor it, you can. That's a market opportunity. I can tell you, I only use the Brave browser and Brave search for this reason. I don't want my search history, like, saved somewhere or whatever.
去他的。作为个人你可以掌控这些,但默认设置很重要,之后就需要你自己努力了。这是个绝佳的市场机会,Chamop。我甚至不想知道你和ChatGPT聊些什么。你的ChatGPT日志里都有什么?
Fuck that. You can take control of this as an individual, but the defaults matter and you have to then do the work. It's a great market opportunity, Chamop. I don't even wanna know what you're talking to ChatGPT about. What are you what's in your ChatGPT logs?
里面有什么,Chamop?如何延长?如何多获得一厘米?里面到底有什么?
What's in there, Chamop? How to extend? How to get the extra centimeter? What's in there?
你是想延长吗?
Are you trying to extend?
里面有什么?
What's in there?
我一直让它帮我找个主持人。
I keep asking it to find me a moderator.
哦,太好了。我一直让它帮我找个不是混蛋的参与者。天啊,Tremont,你现在完全处于反派时代,而且你还乐在其中,我太支持了。我爱你的反派时代。
Oh, great. I keep asking it to find me a participant who's not a douche. Oh my god. You are so deep in your villain era, and you're leaning into it, and I'm so here for it, Tremont. I love your villain era.
知道为什么吗?我太...
You know why? I am so
你为什么突然进入反派模式了?
Why are you going into your villain era?
我现在完全豁出去了。就像——哇哦。其实这种感觉很自由。太棒了,真的非常棒。
I am so risk on right now. It's like Whoo. It's liberating, actually. It's amazing. It's really amazing.
你今年变得这么离经叛道,有没有引发什么反弹?任何负面影响都行?对生意、招聘或其他方面造成不良后果了吗?
Is there any blowback to how outlandish you've become this year? Any blowback at all? Has it had any negative consequence on business or hiring or anything?
没有。但等等——离经叛道是指什么?我哪里离经叛道了?
No. But out but outlandish how? How have I been outlandish?
你完全卸下伪装了。彻底放飞自我。我觉得这样很好。他们现在隔着两扇窗户回头看呢。我们眼前这一幕简直精彩绝伦。
You're you're you're just filter off. You're filter off. And I think it's great. I think they're over two windows back. It's absolutely fantastic we're seeing here.
我问ChatGPT分析我的性格和智商。当你让ChatGPT剖析你时特别有意思,建议大家都试试。
I asked ChatGPT about my feature and my IQ. It's very interesting when you ask ChatGPT to analyze you. I suggest everyone do it.
确实,你只要问ChatGPT这类工具'你了解我什么',它会知道那么多关于你的事,挺吓人的。
Well, actually, yeah, when you just ask chat GPT or whatever, what do you know about me? And it's scary how much it already knows.
确实吓人。
It's scary.
有个超棒的性格测试。你可以把这个测试输入Grok,有人做了个提示词模板,它能根据你的推特历史分析你的全部性格。准得离谱。它...
There's this great personality test. You can put this personality test into Grok, and this guy, like, made this prompt and it goes and it tells you all your personality based on your Twitter ex history. It is wild how accurate it is. What does
TKL,它分析你是什么结果?我其实挺好奇的。
it say about you, TKL? I'm I'm actually curious.
它对我们的评价都一样。我们都是那种网络自恋型ENTJ人格。你完全可以用迈尔斯-布里格斯测试分析你的聊天记录。不过说真的,你那个关于让他们获得某种认证的颠覆性概念我很喜欢。
It says the same thing about all of us. We're all, like, networked narcissist, ENTJ. You can literally run the Myers Briggs against your Yeah. Your chat history. It's actually but I I like your mind blowing concept there, by the way, of, like, them becoming certified in some way.
好了,新鲜经济资讯。政府是时候庆祝胜利了——第二季度GDP增长比预期高出50%,而美联储将利率维持在4.25%。第一季度GDP则下降了50个基点。
Okay. Fresh economic news. It's time for the administration to take their victory lap. GDP growth was 50% higher than expectations in q two as the fed held rates at 4.25%. In q one, GDP declined 50 basis points.
这可能是进口导致的,人们在囤积商品。
That's probably due to the imports. People were stockpiling goods.
这图表简直毫无意义。
That's the most pointless chart ever.
好吧...确实...我也觉得...是有点...
Okay. And then yeah. Is. I agree. It's a little bit yeah.
数据被其中一项严重扭曲了。
It's distorted by one of that.
我本来想用双柱状图展示的,这个你...
I wanted to have both. Yeah. I wanted to have both as bar charts. This one You're
绝对嗑药了。
totally on drugs.
直说无妨,没关系的。
Just say it. It's okay.
你吸了什么药?我没有,我只是在阿尔卑斯喝了杯咖啡。
What drugs are you on? I'm not. I had coffee in an Alp.
我退出。
Out I'm out.
告诉我吧。我们都是朋友。
Tell me. We're all friends.
你可以说
You can tell
出来。真的只是因为阿尔卑斯吗?好吧。
us. Is it really just Alp? Alright.
就这样。我要把它拿出来。
That's it. I'm taking it out.
天啊。
Oh my god.
我把它拿出来了,现在让我们回到正题。好的。美联储连续第五次会议维持利率不变。这次,11位美联储理事中有两位对鲍威尔的决定持反对意见。两位反对者都是特朗普提名的共和党人,所以看起来美联储现在也有点两极分化了。
I took it out, and now let's get back to the here. Okay. The Fed kept rates unchanged for the fifth straight meeting. This time, two out of 11 Fed governors dissented from Powell's decision. Two of the dissenters were both Republicans nominated by Trump, so it seems like the Fed is becoming a little polarized now too.
这是32年来首次有超过一位理事持反对意见,而且,即使只有一人反对也很罕见。这是一段25秒的片段,鲍威尔解释GDP如何影响了降息决定。尼克,请播放这段片段。
First time in thirty two years that more than one governor dissented and, yeah, even one person dissenting is rare. Here's a twenty five second clip of Powell explaining how GDP factored into the cut decision. Nick, please play the clip.
最近的指标显示,经济活动增长有所放缓。今年上半年GDP增速为1.2%,低于去年的2.5%。尽管第二季度的增长更为强劲,达到3%,但关注上半年有助于平滑季度数据中因净出口异常波动带来的波动性。
Recent indicators suggest that growth of economic activity has moderated. GDP rose at a 1.2% pace in the first half of this year, down from 2.5% last year. Although the increase in the second quarter was stronger at 3%, focusing on the first half of the year helps smooth through the volatility in the quarterly figures related to the unusual swings in net exports.
PCE指数,然后我会把这个交给你,萨克斯,让你来谈谈这里的官方立场,周四公布的6月PCE指数下降。PCE是美联储偏爱的通胀指标,而非CPI。6月PCE上升了30个基点,与预期一致。如果你还记得,我们在之前的节目中讨论过,CPI从5月到6月上升了约13%或30个基点。所以我们离2%的目标还很远,这也是美联储一直在强调的。
The PCE index, and then I'll throw this over to you, Sax, for for the official position here, for June dropped on Thursday. PCE is the Fed's preferred gauge of inflation over CPI. PCE rose 30 bps in June in line with estimates. And if you remember, we talked about in a previous episode, CPI rose a bit 13% or 30 bps from May to June. So we're not any we're not close to the 2% target, and that's what the Fed keeps saying.
我们还没到那一步,而经济正处于火热状态。萨克斯,你注意到没有——我不确定你是否留意到萨克斯的言论——但人们都在讨论第二季度的GDP数据,表现非常亮眼。你在社交媒体上多次提到这个,沙莫斯。他一直强调上半年的数据,我认为他是想把这两个季度混为一谈,可能是因为关税差异,或者如他所说,为了平滑数据。
We're not there yet, and the economy is El Fuego. Sacks, you note I don't know if you noticed the Sacks, but people are talking about the q d the second quarter print, which was amazing for GDP. You were talking about it a bunch, Shammoth, on the socials. He keeps referencing the first half. So he's trying to blend those two together, I think, because of the the tariff differences or, you know, maybe to to smooth it out as he said.
你怎么看这个?GDP增长了3%,这相当不错。
What's your take on this? The GDP boomed in, you know, 3%, which is pretty great.
但问题不在这里。杰罗姆·鲍威尔面临的问题是,他试图平滑数据,因为这能让他为自己的政治决策找到理由。
But is that problem no. The problem that Jerome Powell has is that he's trying to smooth it because it allows him to justify his political decision.
好吧。
Okay.
但你必须区分第一季度和第二季度的原因在于,第一季度是在加征关税前,而第二季度是在之后。我认为必须分开看待这两者。如果你从第二季度的增速来推算,第三季度及以后可能会更接近第二季度的情况,即巨额盈余、GDP强劲增长和通胀缓和。那么美联储为什么不降息?因为目前不降息是唯一能在中期选举前拖慢特朗普政府步伐的手段——如果你想将这份工作政治化的话。
But the reason why you have to segregate q one and q two, q one was before tariffs and q two was after tariffs. So I think you have to segregate these two things. And if you look at the run rate from q two, what you're probably gonna see in q three and beyond is more similar to q two, which is to say a large surplus, good GDP expansion, and moderating inflation. So why does the Fed not cut? Because at this point, not cutting is the only thing that you can do to slow the Trump administration down going into the midterms if you wanted to politicize the job.
但另一方面,如果你单纯依据现有数据,忽略关税前的第一季度,从第二季度开始向前预测,此时若实施100个基点的降息,经济将迅猛增长,特朗普在2026年大选前会显得像个经济天才。所以我认为,抛开政治因素,应该降息。
If however, on the other hand, you just take the data as is and you ignore q one because it was pre tariff and you start to look at q two and you project forward, if you inject a 100 basis point cut into the economy, this thing is gonna go gang busters and Trump is gonna look like an economic genius going into 2026. So I think that, again, in the absence of politics, you cut.
明白了。萨克斯,政府内部及周边人士对此有何看法?我知道你不是代表总统发言,但你毕竟在政府任职,所以我猜你——
Okay. Sacks, what's to take from inside the administration and around it? I know you're you're not speaking for the president on this issue, but you're in the administration, so I'm assuming you're
没错。听着,我不代表任何人发言,但3%的增速显然远超预期。这是个惊人的数字,感觉所有环节都在高效运转。
Yeah. Look. I'm not speaking for anyone, but obviously, the 3% number is way ahead of expectations. It's a fantastic number. It just feels like, you know, everything's humming on all cylinders here.
有件事你没提到,但我觉得很重要,就是与欧盟达成的新贸易协议。我们即将——
The one thing you didn't mention, but I think is relevant, is the new trade deal with the EU. We're about
顺便说一下,接下来就要讨论这个。那是下一个话题。
to get to that, by the way. That's the next story.
哦,好吧。我是说,我会把那个包括进去,因为好吧。
Oh, okay. Well, I mean, I would include that because Okay.
那已经包括在内了。是的。
That's included. Yeah.
我是说,我认为这是一项刚刚宣布的协议,欧盟将向美国产品开放市场。美国产品无需关税,但进入美国时需支付15%的关税。他们将在美国投资6000亿美元。他们将购买7500亿美元的美国能源产品,还有一个非常大的数字,我猜他们没有具体说明国防产品的金额,基本上是美国的军事产品,数亿美元,这是他们承诺将北约贡献提高到GDP的5%的后续行动,之前大概是2%左右。所以,这对美国来说是一笔巨大的交易。
I mean, I think it was a deal that just got announced where the EU is gonna open its markets to US products. No tariff on US products, but they will pay a 15% tariff coming into The US. They're gonna be investing 600,000,000,000 in The US. They're gonna be buying 750,000,000,000 of US energy and then some very large number, I guess they didn't specify number on defense products, basically American military products, hundreds of millions, which is a follow-up to their commitment to raise their contribution to NATO to 5% of GDP, up from I guess it was sort of like 2% before. So, I mean, this is a huge deal for The United States.
我认为这对特朗普政府来说是一个巨大的胜利。这个协议太好了,以至于我在X上看到的欧洲消息来源、欧洲出版物和评论者都表示愤怒。他们觉得自己被坑了。很好。好吧。
I think it's a huge win for the Trump administration. And the deal is so good that what I'm seeing from European sources on X, European publications, just commenters, is that they they were, like, outraged. They felt like they got taken to the cleaners here. Good. And Okay.
你在X上看到很多欧洲方面的反应。很多欧洲领导人说乌尔苏拉退缩了。所以,你知道,所有那些愚蠢的墨西哥卷饼表情包现在都消失了,因为人们意识到特朗普愿意对这些国家提高关税以重新谈判更好的贸易协议的威胁正在奏效。
You see you see a lot of that on X by European side. A lot of the European leaders are saying that Ursula chickened out. So, you know, all those stupid taco memes are going away now because people are realizing that Trump's willingness to raise tariffs on these countries as a threat to renegotiate better trade deals is working.
确实奏效了。
It's working.
效果非常好。就拿这个欧盟协议来说,你可以这样想,加起来大约是2万亿美元。这实际上是2万亿美元的刺激注入美国,但没有印钞。
It's working extraordinarily well. Just this EU deal, one way to think about it is you add it all up, it's about $2,000,000,000,000. It's effectively $2,000,000,000,000 of stimulus into The US, but without money printing.
是的。在未来三年内。
Yeah. Over the next three years.
所以它不会引发通胀。
So it's not inflationary.
这并非无关紧要。弗里德伯格,你对美联储、GDP数据的看法,然后也许你可以深入分析那些数据的细节。如果你
It's not insignificant. Friedberg, your thoughts on the Fed, the GDP print, and then maybe you could get into the granular details of that print. If you
调出数据日程表,这是经济分析局提供的国民收入与产品账户数据。通胀数据正是来源于此。我认为有两条数据线值得重点关注。首先是家具及耐用家用设备类别,六月份这类商品成本环比上涨了1.3%。
pull up the schedule of data so this is the national income and product accounts data from the Bureau of Economic Analysis. So this is where the inflation print comes from. I think there are two lines worth taking significant note of. The first is the furnishings and durable household equipment line. So in June, the cost for furnishings and household stuff jumped 1.3% month over month.
按年率计算,如果持续这个涨幅,相当于同比近15%。其次是娱乐用品及车辆类别,环比跃升0.9%。这两个类别在近期历史上都未曾出现过如此大幅上涨。部分观点认为,这些跃升现象实际上是最初关税政策对进口商品成本的影响显现——因为这些商品主要依赖进口——已经开始对消费者产生负面影响。我认为现在需要对这些预计会受关税价格影响的类别保持观望态度。
On an annualized basis, right, that's almost 15 year over year if it were to continue at that level. And then the second one is this recreational goods and vehicles that jumped point 9% month over month. Neither of those categories have jumped that much in in kind of recent history. So part of the argument that's being made is that what we are seeing in these jumps is actually some of the first effects of the tariffs and the cost of goods that are being imported because these are largely imports having an adverse effect on the consumer. And so I think this is kind of a wait and see moment on some of these categories that are predicted to have a tariff price effect starting to show through.
这正是许多人士密切关注的领域,也为那些主张维持利率不变的经济学家提供了佐证——因为我们正目睹显著的通胀效应。这提醒我们在利率政策上需要审慎考量。
So I think this is where a lot of folks are keeping a close eye on, and it kind of provides a little bit of the support for the economists that are saying we should keep rates steady because we are seeing a significant inflationary effect here, it's worth noting that there's something that we need to be thoughtful about in rate policy.
这个观点非常到位。看看这场明显高度政治化的辩论:通胀率在2.5%到7%之间,支出明显增长,股市创历史新高,失业率又降至4.1%左右。
I think this is a really good point. If you look in this debate, which is obviously highly political, we're at inflation 2.5, 7%. Spending is increasing, obviously. Stock market at an all time high. Unemployment trending down again, so we're at, like, 4.1%.
人们正疯狂涌入加密货币和体育博彩,比特币价格创新高。美联储现在若降息无异于火上浇油。如果特朗普在第二季度搞垮经济,或许还能争取到降息。但如你所说Dave,现在不降息的理由正在累积——经济正烈火烹油。或许关税政策的'震慑推进'策略正在成为新剧本。
And people are just YOLO ing into crypto and they're doing sports betting, Bitcoin at an all time high. I think the Fed now is in a position where cutting rates seems like putting kerosene on the fire. If Trump tanked the economy in q two, he probably would have gotten the rates. But now I don't think it's reasonable, as you're saying, Dave, that the the reasons to not cut are building because the economy's on fire. So maybe the shock and bore approach to tariffs, which is now becoming a playbook.
我最近和Lutnick深入聊过这事——顺带说我很欣赏他。他向我描述了这个策略:特朗普先抛出惊人言论引发全民哗然,媒体和商界领袖集体抓狂。而Lutnick作为与政府高层直接沟通的渠道,负责在混乱后提出合理方案来搭建协商基础。
I had a nice talk with Lutnick about this who I love by the way. He really described to me how they're doing this and the shock and bore playbook is basically Trump says something completely outrageous, shocking, Everybody goes crazy. The media loses their mind. Business leaders lose their mind. Lutnick told me that what he does is he sets the table and proposes something reasonable because, you know, now I'm a big, you know, direct contact with all the administration sacks.
感谢分享。Nick描述道:特朗普进场看到所有方案后,开始在终局阶段进行微观调整——就像进入红区、来到五码线那样。
Thank you for that. But, Nick, and he described it. Trump comes in, sees all the stuff, and then he starts making his micro tweaks. So it's on the finish line. It's in the red zone, five yard line.
特朗普会突然追加三四个额外要求,然后达成协议。这套打法越来越高效。最初看似混乱荒谬,但他们让美联储陷入前所未有的困境——央行从未应对过这种局面。
Trump comes in, and then he sticks it to them again with three or four extra asks, and then they wrap it up. And that this is becoming really effective. So it was chaotic at first. It seemed nonsensical, but they've put the Fed in a really bad position because they've never seen this before. They've never seen this before.
现在美联储将陷入被动:若降息,正如Shermoff你所说,市场会瞬间暴涨。更讽刺的是,若市场在中期选举前飙升,这简直复制了共和党当年批评拜登在选前九月降息的剧本。虽然存在政治博弈,但必须承认特朗普团队这个2.0版策略的高明——如果这是Saxx预谋而我们当初没看透的话。
So now they're gonna be in this defensive position of what if we cut it and the market rips to your point, Shermoff. You just said the market will rip the second they cut that. And the cynical view of this is the market rips as we go into the midterms, which is the same claim the Republicans made about the cuts that Biden did in September right before the election. So there is some level of politics and gamesmanship going on here, but you have to hand it to the Trump administration for what they're doing with this sort of two point o playbook. If this was Saxx premeditated and we all just didn't understand it, fine.
最终结果取决于这些数字:欧盟6000亿,日本5500亿投资。Lutnick在现场被问及这些资金是否注入主权财富基金及使用方式时表示,将由总统全权决定——而他正建议将其用于增加核武储备。这着实耐人寻味。
The outcome here is this administration has to live or die by the results of these. 600,000,000,000 from the EU, 550,000,000,000 in investment from Japan. You put those two together, IS Lutnick, is that at the event, is that going into the sovereign wealth fund, and how does that get, you know, spent? And he said, at the discretion of the president, and he's advising him to spend it on putting more nukes in. So that's fascinating.
我们现在有一万亿美元可以投入核电站和这些小型模块化反应堆,这正是卢特尼克所说的。他想把这笔钱用在这方面。他将建议总统这样分配资金。但现在他们正在投资我们的国家。如果成功的话,这绝对是个绝妙的主意。
We have a trillion dollars now that we can put into nuclear power plants and these small modular reactors, and that's what Lutnick said. He wanted to spend it on. He's gonna advise the president to spend it on. But now we've got them investing in our country. It's absolutely brilliant if it works out.
看看
Look at
但我们会看看是否成功。
But we'll see if it works out.
4月2日是解放日,媒体都疯了。他们预测会出现黑色星期一。市场崩盘了。他们基本上试图吓唬市场,制造恐慌。他们说我们将进入衰退或萧条。
April 2 was liberation day and the media went crazy. They were predicting a Black Monday. The market crashed. They basically tried to spook the markets and create fear. They said that we're gonna go into a recession or depression.
现在看看我们的处境。仅仅几个月后,所有市场都创下历史新高。特朗普通过这些贸易协议榨取了数万亿美元,而人们之前
And now look at where we are. Just a few months later, all the markets are at all time highs. Trump has extracted trillions of dollars in these trade deals that people didn't
知道是预谋的吗?告诉我们真相。这是预谋的吗?
know premeditated? Tell us the truth. Was this premeditated?
等等。特朗普总统利用其他总统甚至不知道他们拥有的权力,从其他国家榨取了数万亿美元。
Hold on. President Trump has extracted trillions of dollars from other countries using powers that other presidents didn't even know they
100%确定。100%。是预谋的吗?因为当时很混乱。
had. 100%. 100%. Was it premeditated? Because it was chaotic.
市场
The market
市场没有因为这些原因做出那些变动
did the market didn't make those moves because of
顺便说一下媒体。我们做出那些举动只是因为他们害怕了。
the media, by the way. We just made those moves because they were scared.
而且我们刚刚公布了3%的GDP增长数据。
And we just had a 3% GDP growth print.
好吧。嗯,情况相当混乱。
Okay. Well, it's pretty messy.
我认为事情是这样的——特朗普总统看到了一个被其他人忽视的机会。就像一位新CEO接手一家被管理不善十年的公司,但资产负债表上有优质资产,市场地位依然强劲。这些资源一直被低估。而他上任后意识到美国在所有贸易谈判中拥有巨大筹码。
Think it's gonna be what I think happened is that president Trump saw an opportunity here that other people ignored. It's like when a CEO comes into a company, a new CEO comes in, and that company's been mismanaged for a decade, but it's got wonderful assets on its balance sheet. It's got a market position that's still very strong. This has been underutilized. And he came in and understood that The United States had tremendous leverage in all these trade negotiations.
实际上当时甚至算不上贸易谈判,在所有贸易关系中。他基本上重新协商了所有条款。看看结果吧,简直令人震惊。所有人都说特朗普会退缩。
Actually, they weren't even trade negotiations then, in all these trade relationships. And he was able to essentially renegotiate all of them. And look at the results. I mean, they're just staggering. And, you know, everyone said that, oh, Trump's gonna chicken out.
他不会坚持强硬立场。结果却是其他国家像折叠椅一样纷纷屈服。我是说,他们都投降了。没错,溃不成军。
He's not gonna hang tough. It's all these other countries that have folded, I don't know, lawn chairs. I mean, they have all capitulated. Yeah. They folded like dream.
非同寻常。
Remarkable.
但你并没有回答我的问题。这是预谋的吗?给我们些内幕。
But you're not answering my question. Was this premeditated? Give us some insight here.
我不明白你在说什么?
I don't know what this what are you talking about?
当他们宣布100%、200%关税时,市场的反应不是基于媒体报道,而是特朗普的言论。所以这种震慑式谈判策略是早有预谋的吗?还是说你并不知情?毕竟你并未参与其中。
When they came out and they was like, oh, a 100% tariffs, 200% tariff, the market was not making that reaction based upon the media. They were making it based on Trump was saying. So was it premeditated this shock and bore, shock and reasonable negotiating strategy, or do you not know? Well, you're not privy to it.
听着,我并非以内部人士身份发言,但当时我们说过,当这一切发生、拉里·萨默斯在播客上预言厄运时,那些都只是谈判的初始要价。那只是谈判的开始,我们得看最终结果如何,而且政府仍需完美收尾。
Look. I'm not speaking as an insider here, but we said at the time that all of that was happening and Larry Summers was on the pod preaching doom is that all of that was an opening bid. It was all of a start to a negotiation, and we had to see where it ended up and that the administration still had to stick the landing.
好的。
Okay.
但根据欧盟、日本和韩国的情况来看,我得说目前形势看起来非常乐观。
But I gotta say based on EU, Japan, and South Korea, I mean, this is looking really good right now.
要知道,前五名国家就占了谈判内容的90%。就像特朗普在主题演讲中提到的——当他开始跑题谈其他话题时——他说:‘我甚至不需要了解那些小国家,有些国家的名字我都没听过。’只要搞定前五、前十的国家,我们就大功告成了。
Well, listen. It's the top five that are, like, 90% of the negotiation. As Trump said, there was another little note he did in the keynote when he kinda drifted into his, you know, different things he wanted to talk about where he said, I don't even need to know about the bottom countries. I've never even heard the names of some of these countries. He just gotta nail the, what, the top five, the top 10, and we're done.
本届政府同样需要完美收尾,因为目前这些只是握手协议。它们需要正式签署,需要获得批准。所以还有很多工作要做,但我...
And this administration administration has has to to stick the landing as well because these are handshake deals right now. They have to be inked. They have to be approved. So there's there's a lot more work left to be done, but I
我...还有另外一点要说。
am There's one other piece of as well.
对,还有一点。我们之前提到欧洲对美国产品实行零关税,但即使达成协议后,欧洲产品进入美国仍需缴纳15%关税。而且我们还没算欧洲在美国的6000亿美元投资,也没包括美国向欧洲销售的7500亿美元能源。明白吗?
Yeah. There's one other piece of it. So we talked about the the, you know, the fact that Europe has 0% tariffs on American products, but but even after this deal that the European products coming into The US will have a 15% tariff, and we're not including the $600,000,000,000 of European investment in The US. We're not including the 750,000,000,000 of sales of American energy to Europe. K?
单说这15%关税。现在全面实施后,每年能产生约3000亿美元的额外关税收入,用于帮助平衡预算。十年就是3万亿美元,这可是个天文数字。
Just talk about the tariff, that 15%. And what we're seeing now across the board is generating about 300,000,000,000 a year of additional tariff revenue that goes to help balancing the budget. Yeah. So 300,000,000,000 a year over ten years is 3,000,000,000,000. That is a big number.
简直难以置信。确实。
It's incredible. Yeah.
所以虽然不确定这能否完全满足弗莱堡的要求,但确实是重大助力。
It's got a So I don't know if that that completely satisfies Freiburg, but that's a big help.
弗莱堡,你认为由于所有这些因素,通胀有可能再次抬头吗?毕竟又有大量资金被注入系统。那么未来六个月我们是否可能看到通胀率达到3%?在你看来这种概率有多大?这是大家最担忧的问题。我...我不确定。
Freiburg, do you think that there is a chance that inflation is gonna tick up because of all this? Like, it is a lot of money being pushed into the system again. So could we see a three handle on inflation in the next six months, or what's the probability of that in your mind? That's the big concern everybody has. I don't I don't I don't know.
我也不确定。我认为关键问题在于——如果你分析每个品类,可以思考卖家利润率有多少?如果他们原本有30%利润,而我们征收15%关税,他们的利润会降到15%,还是降到20%同时涨价5%?如何平衡?实际情况是,这种相当于市场税的关税生效后,市场会找到新的平衡点,买卖双方将在X价格与Y利润间达成妥协。
I I don't know. I think the the big question, if you look at each of these categories, one way to think about it is how much margin is the seller making? If they're making 30% margin and we charge a 15% tariff, does their margin go down to 15%, or do they take their margin down to 20% and raise the price by 5%? What's the right balance? And what will happen is that now with this effective, you know, tariff, which is a sort of tax on the system, a tax on the market, market will find its kind of new equilibrium where the buyers are willing to pay x and the sellers are willing to sell it y.
我认为每个市场都会有所不同。在某些利润微薄的品类,我们会看到显著通胀;而在某些垄断性高利润品类,商家会自行消化成本,因为他们不愿引发价格竞争。所以不同品类会有不同表现,我们拭目以待。
And I think every market's gonna be a bit different. So I think in some of these categories, we will see significant inflation where there is a very thin margin that the seller has in selling. And in some of the categories where there's a monopoly and they have a big margin, they're gonna eat it because they don't wanna have competition, and they don't wanna see pricing competition emerge. So I think we'll see it vary by category, and, you know, we'll see how it goes.
好的。各位听众,根据英伟达黄仁勋和我的共同认定,这又是全球排名第一播客的精彩绝伦的一期。大家都表现太棒了,太棒了!
Alright. Listen. This has been another amazing amazing episode of the number one podcast in the world according to Jensen Huang from NVIDIA and me. And great job, everybody. Great job, everybody.
经典之作
It's a classic
每个人都功不可没。包括杰·卡尔,包括杰森·科普兰尼斯。特别要感谢弗莱堡,因为AI大会的筹备工作主要是他完成的
job in everyone. Even Jay Cal. Even Jay even Jason Kopiannis. Great job. And, actually, I wanna thank Friedberg because Friedberg did most of the work to organize the AI
重点表扬下。现在由我,总统先生发言。
a big shout out. Here's me, the president.
干得漂亮。
Great job.
各位,我们不妨做个记录:八年后我们中某人可以竞选满洲候选人总统。看看我和总统的装扮——我系红色领带以示敬意,穿蓝色西装向总统致敬。难道不像要参选吗?Presidentjason.com。
I mean guys, can we just make a note One of us can run for Manchurian candidate president in eight years, and look at me and the president. I put on the red tie out of respect. I put my blue suit on out of respect for the president. Does it not look like I'm running? Presidentjason.com.
好了,听着。
Alright. Listen.
照片可以像,你知道的,那张著名的比尔·克林顿与JFK会面的照片。明白吗?那可能成为某种...某种能...
Photo could be like, you know, that famous photo of Bill Clinton meeting JFK. You know? That could be something that that could be the thing that
我有点像是
I'm in like
特朗普总统。这会把你推向总统之位。
the president Trump. That propels you to the presidency.
我很感激你给我这个机会,并直接安排我与政府每位成员接触。非常感谢。第二天我们还参观了白宫,多么美妙的参观啊,我们中有些人第二天在白宫度过了美好时光。但说实话,不。
I'm in like thank you for giving me that and and for putting me in touch with each member of the administration directly. Thank you for that. And we had a wonderful tour of the White House the next day. What a wonderful tour some of us had at the White House the next day. But in all honesty, no.
你当时...?不。我在拍照。那是我开的玩笑。因为当时你们所有人都在场。
Was Did you? No. I was taking the pictures. That was my joke. Because it was all of you guys were there.
带你参观?我们本可以给你安排参观的。
Giving you a tour? We could've gotten you a tour.
我是说,听着。
I mean, listen.
我爱J。要求参观?我确实要求过...我不是那种
I love J. Ask for a tour? I did ask for I'm a I'm not the kind
会主动要求的人。我是那种...我们中有些人
of guy to ask. I'm the guy to Some of
还有正经会议要开呢,兄弟。
us have actual meetings to do, bro.
我是说一切都很好。一切都很好。
I mean It's all good. It's all good.
我手头有很多事情要处理。未来几周我有很多要宣布和发生的事情。但是,萨克斯,带我们了解一下幕后情况吧。我觉得这很有趣,所以我不介意被总统调侃。那很棒。
I got a lot going on. I got a lot to announce and happen in the coming weeks. But, Sacks, do take us behind the scene here. And I think it was hilarious, so I don't mind getting trolled by the president. It was great.
但你是怎么做到的,幕后是怎么安排的,他
But how did you how did that go about behind the scenes that he
那个笑话讲得真到位?别告诉他。就这样吧。就这样吧。
nailed that joke? Don't tell him. Leave it. Leave it.
你做了什么?我是说,因为那看起来像是经过排练的,还是他天生就那样?显然他天生就有喜剧天赋,但你是和他一起设计的吗?你需要和他确认吗?嘿,邓肯,J Cal,随便谁?
What did you do? I mean, because that looked like it was workshopped, or is he just naturally I mean, he's obviously naturally comedic, but did you put that in with him? Did you have to clear that with him? Hey, Duncan, J Cal, whatever?
嗯,他们问我要了我的共同主持人的名字,好吧。这样他们就可以点名了。所以我给了他们名单。
Well, they asked me for the names of, you know, my cohosts and Okay. So they could do shout outs. So I gave them the list.
哦,不。
Oh, no.
然后我就,我就说了,我甚至把Jay Cals的名字也加上了。
And I just and I said and I put even Jay Cals.
我没告诉过Prog Sick。但我是说,他接受了。
I didn't tell a prog Sick. But I mean, he went for it.
不。他他他明白了,我们讨论过了。
No. He he he got we went through it.
所以他听懂了笑话。好吧。
So He got the joke. Okay.
他听懂了笑话。我们之前讨论过这个。
He got the joke. We went through it before.
他得到了笑声。他明白了。他听到了笑声。哦,是的。
He got the laugh. He got it. He heard the laughing. Oh, yeah.
他听到笑声后反而更来劲了。
He heard the laugh and he doubled down.
我以为会很有趣。但不行,我们事先过了一遍所有人的名字。而我
I thought it'd be funny. But no, we went through everyone's names beforehand. And I
我是说,谈到情商。这家伙的情商简直爆表,老兄。他就是...我建议
mean, talk about EQ. The guy's EQ is off the charts, man. He just he's I suggested
我提议用J Cal这个名字。而他说,不。不行。要用全名。他觉得这样更礼貌。
I suggested the name J Cal. And he's like, no. No. Give me his full name. He thought it was more courteous.
啊。他其实是个非常
Ah. He's actually a very
没错。情商高。
Yeah. EQ.
有礼貌的人。是的。他希望...他希望用你的全名,而不只是昵称。
Courteous man. Yeah. Wanted he to wanted to use your full name, not just your nickname.
我想他大概是从我父母那里意识到的,他们简直欣喜若狂,所以对此我要感谢你。这对我父亲意义重大,他...这真的很感人。是的。他最近有些艰难,这让我有点哽咽,但我父亲确实经历了一些困难,之后我在布鲁克林见到了他。然后我们在短信上交流,这意义非凡,你知道,因为对于一个来自布鲁克林的孩子来说,能得到美国总统的点名...
I think what he probably realized was from my parents who were just over the moon, so thank you for that. It meant a lot to my dad who's That's lovely. Yeah. He's been struggling a bit and it it really let me get little choked up here, but my dad's been struggling a bit and got to see him in Brooklyn after that. And then we we were on a text stream, and and it meant a lot, you know, because for a kid from Brooklyn to get a shout out from the president of The United States is
你做到了。
You made it.
我是说,这简直...
I mean, it's just
不管父亲怎样
whatever the father
你父亲应该为你感到骄傲,兄弟。
Your father should be really proud of you, bro.
谢了,老兄。感激不尽。谢谢你们,兄弟们。好了,听着。
Thanks, man. Appreciate it. Appreciate it, boys. Alright. Listen.
第四,你是科学界的苏丹。了不起的戴夫·弗赖伯格。我们在十天内筹备了那场活动,然后立刻投入其中。他同时还得兼顾其他事务。所以我想表彰我们本周的最有价值成员。
Four, you're a sultan of science. The amazing Dave Freiberg. We put that event together in ten days and then jumped right in. He's gotta run a hollow at the same time. So I just wanna give our MVP of the week.
我们应该
We should
向希伦谷的伙伴们致谢,感谢他们的合作
give a shout out to the Hillen Valley guys for partnering
与我们。是的。雅各布。
with us. Yes. Jacob.
雅各布·雅各布·赫尔伯格干得很出色。
Jacob Jacob Helberg did a great job.
我爱雅各布。我超爱雅各布。
Love Jacob. I love Jacob.
还有德利安和
And Delian and
德利安和克里斯蒂安。
Delian and Christian.
谢谢,谢谢你们。他们是这次活动的合作伙伴。
Thank thank you guys. They were our partners on the event.
希伦谷团队表现太棒了。是的,我超爱那群家伙。但本周最佳MVP我要颁给你,大卫·弗里德伯格。你为此投入了大量心血,我们非常感激。
Hillen Valley did a great job. Yeah. I love those guys. But, yeah, just I'm giving the MVP of the week for of the besties to you, David Friedberg. You put a lot of work into this, So and we appreciate it.
你刚忙完一场活动,就立刻投入了全入峰会的筹备,再过几周就要举办了。夏莫,感谢你处理好了纽扣问题。人力资源部对那个...那个纽扣问题有些微词,所以...
You're running a hollow, then you went right into working on the all in summit, which will be out in a couple weeks. Chamot, thank you for buttoning up. We're getting a little complaints from the HR department about the, the buttons, and so
我们已经重新协商好了。我现在要解开三颗纽扣,在福廷到处走走。
we've we've now renegotiated that. I'm gonna I'm gonna unbutton three buttons now and walk around Fortin.
完美。萨克斯,白宫见。JD和我会在军官餐厅,邀请你共进午餐。嗨,萨西。JD。
Perfect. And, Sachs, I will see you at the White House. JD and I will be in the commissary, so we'll invite you to lunch with us. Hi, Sassy. JD.
那叫海军军官餐厅。
It's called the Navy mess.
实际上,在一片混乱中。对。而且你知道吗?卢特尼克也要加入我们。好的。
Actually, in the mess. Yeah. And and you know what? Lutnick's joining us as well. And Okay.
我们的能源专家是谁?克里斯?克里斯说他想参与进来,所以也许你可以加入我们。我现在就邀请你,因为我已经深入管理系统了。感谢大家的收听。
Who's our energy guy? Chris? Chris said he wanted to jump in on that, so maybe you can join us. I'll invite you now that I am deep into the administration. Thank you for tuning in, everybody.
Allin.com活动。奖学金门票已经上线。如果你想争取为数不多的奖学金门票,我们一直支持有潜力的新人。请注意,如果你经济宽裕,请不要申请奖学金,你是无法获得的。
Allin.comevents. The scholarship tickets are up. So if you wanna try to get one of the very few scholarship tickets, we always like our up and comers. Please, if you're if you're of of means, don't apply for the scholarship. You won't get it in.
但如果你是新人观众,想获得折扣门票,我们有数量有限的优惠票,请访问allin.com/events。爱你们,亲爱的们。拜拜。我们真该找个房间来场大型狂欢,因为他们都只是在发泄无处释放的性张力罢了。
But if you're up and coming and you're part of the audience and you wanna get one of those discounted tickets, we have a limited number of those available allin.com/events. Love you, besties. Bye bye. We should all just get a room and just have one big huge orgy because they're all just useless. It's like it's like sexual tension that they just need to release somehow.
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