1: 杜邦化学丑闻

比如，他们本应该将其焚烧，或者送到专门的化学废料处理机构进行专业处置。

Like, they're supposed to incinerate it or they were supposed to send it off to a specific chemical waste facility who then properly disposes it.

是啊。

Yeah.

处理废料可是个复杂的过程。

Trying to get rid of waste is like a whole process.

所以没错，他们被告知过这些。

So, yeah, they were told this.

当然，培训材料最下方还有警告部分，写着：

And, of course, there's that warning section at the bottom, you know, when they're getting their education on that says, like, hey.

这种化学品不应排入水体或下水道。

This chemical shouldn't be flushed away into water or sewers.

不过嘛，没人会看到那么后面的内容。

But, like, nobody reads that far though.

你懂的吧？

You know?

总之，杜邦公司发送的文件中发现了所有这些信息，这些文件还揭露杜邦化学公司一直从帕克斯堡工厂向俄亥俄河排放数十万磅的PFOA粉末。

Anyway, so with all this information was found within the documents DuPont sent rock, which also were revealing that DuPont Chemical had been pumping hundreds of thousands of pounds of PFOA powder from their Parkersburg facility and into the Ohio River.

不仅如此，他们向河流排放这种物质已有数十年之久。

And not only that, they had been pumping it into the river for decades.

是啊。

Yeah.

就这样直接排进河里。

Just putting it in the river.

真棒。

Cool.

那么当一家公司排放那种物质并与水混合时会发生什么？

So what happens when a company pumps out that kind of, like, substance and it mixes with the water?

被污染的水会通过水泵进入坑池。

Well, the tainted water goes through the pumps and lands into pits.

通常坑池会有防护内衬，但帕克斯堡的那些坑池却没有。

Normally, pits would be lined for some protection, but the Parkersburg pits were not.

当坑底没有任何防护措施时，那些水就会直接渗入地下。

Well, when there's, like, no protection down in the pit, the water then becomes one with the ground.

土地会吸收这些水分。

The ground, the land, it absorbs the water.

当杜邦化工的污染水停留在那些坑里时，它们直接被大地吸收，渗入了当地的水源系统。

And then when the tainted water from DuPont Chemical sat in those pits, it was absorbed right into the ground, baby, and it sank right into the local water supply.

这影响了西弗吉尼亚州超过10万人的饮用水供应。

The drinking water supply for over a 100,000 people in West Virginia.

弗吉尼亚。

Virginia.

对律师罗伯来说，这个案子从坦南特一家和他们可怜的奶牛，发展成了影响远超他们预期的大量人群的事件。

Now for Rob, the lawyer, this case went from the Tennant family and their sad cows to now something that, like, affected a whole lot more people than they expected.

显然杜邦化工有全套关于如何正确处理PFOA的指导文件，但他们根本没有遵守。

It was clear that DuPont Chemical had all these instructions telling them how to get rid of PFOA properly, and they just didn't follow them.

但罗伯随后发现记录显示，杜邦化工四十年来一直在秘密资助进行关于PFOA对人体影响的医学研究。

But Robb then found records showing DuPont Chemical had done their own funded top secret medical study on PFOA and its effects on people for forty years.

他们知道很多。

They know a lot.

根据他们自己的研究，杜邦公司知道PFOA会增加老鼠、兔子和狗的肝脏体积。

According to their own study, DuPont knew that PFOA could increase the size of liver in rats, rabbits, and dogs.

他们知道帕克斯堡工厂员工的血液中含有高浓度的PFOA。

They knew that their Parkersburg employee had high concentrations of PFOA in their blood.

哦，他们还决定不向环保署或任何人报告这件事。

Oh, and they decided not to tell the EPA or anyone about it.

没有。

No.

他们只是太忙了。

They're just too busy.

杜邦公司知道PFOA可能导致老鼠出现出生缺陷。

DuPont knew PFOA could cause birth defects in rats.

他们甚至对员工子女进行了测试。

They ran tests on their employees' children.

是啊。

Yeah.

没错。

Yeah.

正是如此。

That's right.

他们在儿童身上做实验，并确认七例活产中有两例出现眼部缺陷。

They tested on children, and they determined that two of seven live births resulted in eye defects.

到1991年，杜邦化学公司已为水中PFOA浓度制定了内部安全限值。

By 1991, DuPont Chemical had an internal safety limit for PFOA concentration in water.

杜邦公司认为根据自身研究，他们知道饮用水中PFOA的安全含量应该是多少。

DuPont felt they knew how much can safely be in drinking water based on their own studies.

但他们不愿公开这个安全数值，尽管他们心知肚明。

But they didn't wanna say what that safe number was, but they knew what it was.

但他们不会告诉你这个数值是多少。

But they're not gonna tell you what it was.

就像你在跟一个三岁小孩玩游戏一样。

It's like you're just playing games with a three year old.

你知道吗？

You know?

就是那个神秘数字。

It's just whatever this secret number was.

杜邦公司发现当地一个地区的饮用水中这种神秘物质的含量是其内部安全标准的三倍。

DuPont learned that a local district had three times the secret number amount in their drinking water.

水体中含有大量PFOA，却无人提及。

There was just a ton of PFOA going on in the waters and nothing was said.

杜邦的科学家们发现PFOA会导致实验动物患上癌性肿瘤，并可能引发人类前列腺癌。

Well, DuPont scientists found out that PFOA caused cancerous tumors in lab animals and might result in prostate cancer in humans.

这一发现被上报给杜邦高层后，他们却无动于衷，只是敷衍了事。

After this discovery, it was brought to DuPont's attention, but they did nothing with They were like, okay.

谢谢。

Thanks.

这非常有帮助。

That's super helpful.

没有采取任何行动。

No action was taken.

杜邦公司买下了佃农的农田，用来倾倒他们的废弃物。

DuPont had bought the tenant farmland to use as a place to dump their waste.

他们明知这些废弃物中含有有毒的PFOA。

Waste that they knew had the poisonous PFOA in it.

他们知道这些毒物会渗入佃农现有的土地，也清楚共用溪流中的水含有高得惊人的毒素浓度。

They knew that it drained into the tenant's current property, and they knew that the water in the shared creek had incredibly, insanely high concentrations of this poison.

我暂时称它为毒物，因为它确实就是毒物。

I'm gonna call it poison for a little while because that's what it is.

明白吗？

Okay?

杜邦公司自始至终都知情，却仍然出具了那份垃圾报告，把牛群的死亡归咎于照料不周。

DuPont knew it all along, and they still produced that garbage report blaming the death of the cows on just poor care.

什么混蛋玩意儿？

What douche canoes?

律师罗布·贝洛特提出了他的诉讼。

Rob Belott, the lawyer, he made his case.

2000年末，租户们与杜邦化工达成了和解协议。

And in late two thousand, the tenants came to a settlement agreement with DuPont Chemical.

罗布拿到了他的律师费，案件在开庭前就结案了。

Rob got his fee, and the case was closed before it ever reached trial.

就这样结束了吗？

So was that it?

这一切就这么悄无声息地过去了吗？

Does this all go away quietly?

租户们是不是就拿了点钱补偿死去的牛，而杜邦还能继续往西弗吉尼亚的水域排放那些毒物？

Did the tenants get, like, I don't know, some money to make up for the dead cows, and DuPont just gets to go on pumping that poison into the waters of West Virginia?

仔细想想，水可不会在州界停下。

Well, when you really think about it, water just doesn't stop at state lines.

你知道吗？

You know?

水可不知道什么是州界。

Like, water doesn't know what a state line is.

也许故事本该到此结束。

So maybe this story would end there.

但事实再次证明并非如此。

But once again, nay nay.

当然，事情并没有结束。

Of course, it does not.

现在律师罗伯非常愤怒。

Now Rob, the lawyer, he was really angry.

明白吗？

Okay?

杜邦公司不仅知道有毒物质的事。

DuPont didn't just know about the poison.

他们几十年前就已经知道此事，并且清楚它存在于饮用水源中。

They had known about it for decades, and they knew it was in the drinking supply.

他们向政府隐瞒了这一事实，也对公众秘而不宣。

And they hid that from the government, and they hid that from the public.

2000年，他们原先购买PFOA的供应商停止了该物质的生产。

In the year 2000, the manufacturer that they used to purchase PFOA from stopped making the substance.

于是杜邦公司开始自行生产，继续攫取利润。

So DuPont then started making it themselves, and they just kept raking in the profits.

因此罗布试图将这些信息公开。

So Rob tried to take this information public.

他撰写了一份972页的简报，名为《周边居民清洁用水管理条例》。

He wrote a 972 page brief called regulations for clean water for those nearby.

他提交了这份长达972页的简报——这还能叫简报吗？

Now he sent this 972 page brief, which, like, how was that brief?

不过好吧。

But okay.

但他把所有这些材料都寄给了美国所有监管机构的负责人。

But he sent all of that to the directors of all the regulatory agencies in The US.

比如环保署，甚至美国司法部长。

So think the EPA, even the US attorney general.

杜邦公司申请了禁言令，这实际上向公众证实了他们不想让这份报告曝光。

DuPont requested a gag order, essentially confirming to the public that they didn't want this report to get out.

人们开始觉得，也许这个该死的故事背后还有更多隐情。

And people began to think like, you know, maybe there's something more to this damn story.

也许这件事值得关注。

Like, maybe this is worth paying attention to.

禁言令被驳回了。

Gag order was denied.

我认为真正的问题是，他们为什么管这叫禁言令？

I I think the real question here is, like, why do they call it a gag order?

因为听起来实在太暴力了。

Because, I mean, it just sounds so violent.

比如，禁言？

Like, gag?

我的天啊。

Oh my god.

罗布希望这在全国范围内展开。

Robb wanted this taken on across the country.

这不仅仅是针对杜邦公司。

This wasn't just going to hit DuPont.

这将影响所有生产这些人造或合成材料的行业参与者。

This would affect all the players in the industry making these man made or synthetic materials.

大多数美国人以为，或者我们现在依然认为，如果有东西是危险的，它就会被监管——但事实并非如此。

Most people in The United States, they thought or we think if something is dangerous, it's regulated, but that wasn't true.

哦，顺便说一句，现在依然不是这样。

Oh, and PS, it's still not true.

但1976年的《有毒物质控制法》规定，环保署只能在获得化学品有害证明的情况下才能进行检测。

But the 1976 Toxic Substance Control Act says that the EPA can only test chemicals when they are provided with proof that the chemicals cause harm.

所以他们是在说，在已经知道某物危险之前不能进行检测，这听起来很有道理。

So what they're saying is they can't test it until they already know it's dangerous, which makes a lot of sense.

但环保署甚至不从事制造和发现新化学品或新材料的业务。

But the EPA isn't even in the business of making and finding new chemicals or new materials.

这些大型企业才是做这些事的。

These large companies are the ones doing that.

对吧？

Right?

就是说，生产这些化学品的是他们自己。

Like, they're the ones making it.

所以这些公司掌握着相关信息。

So the companies have that information.

由于这项法律，企业控制了环保局获取危险证明的途径。

And because of this law, the companies control the EPA's access to the proof that it's dangerous.

你明白我的意思吗？

You know what I'm saying?

比如，他们可以隐藏危害证据，逃避环保署的检测和监管。

Like, they can hide the proof of harm and avoid EPA testing and avoiding regulations.

你知道，他们不想遵守规则或法规，因为那只会让他们花钱。

You know, they don't wanna follow the rules or regulations because that would just cost them money.

我是说，看看他们有多抠门。

I mean, look how cheap they are.

他们甚至不愿意给坑洞做衬里或妥善处理化学品。

They won't even line their pits or properly dispose of the chemicals.

我猜要想赚大钱，就得在很多地方偷工减料。

I guess in order to make a lot of money, you have to cut a lot of corners.

绿色真是种难看的颜色，不是吗？

Greet is such an ugly color, isn't it?

2005年，多亏了律师罗布，杜邦公司在最终被认定违反有毒物质法案后，与环保署达成了1650万美元的和解协议。

In 2005, thanks to Rob, the lawyer, DuPont reached a $16,500,000 settlement with the EPA after they were finally found in violation of the toxic substances act.

他们支付了罚款，这是环保署有史以来对公司开出的最大一笔民事罚款。

They paid the fine, which was the largest civil penalty the EPA had ever charged a company within its history.

对你我这样的人来说，那看起来是一大笔钱。

To someone like me and you, like, that seems like a lot of money.

你懂吗？

You know?

别误会我的意思。

Don't get me wrong.

1600万？

16,000,000?

是啊。

Yeah.

我接受这个结果。

I'll take it.

那可是一大笔钱。

That's a lot of money.

但你我心里都清楚。

But you and I both know.

K？

K?

你得好好想想。

You have to think about it.

这里涉及更大的规模。

The the bigger scale here.

这是一家赚取巨额利润的大型企业，他们支付的罚款还不到2005年当年销售含PFOA产品所获利润的2%。

This is a giant company that made giant profits, and they paid off that fine with less than 2% of what they made selling products that used PFOA in just that year, in just the year 2005.

而他们几十年来一直在获取这些利润。

And they've been making those profits for decades.

所以罗布还对杜邦化学公司提起了民事诉讼。

So Rob, he also filed a civil action lawsuit against DuPont Chemical.

他必须证明PFOA并不安全，在他所代表的民众饮用水中含量已超出安全标准。

He had to prove that PFOA was not safe, that it was not at safe levels in the drinking water of the people he represented.

凭借他的坚韧与智慧，终于在2004年9月成功让杜邦公司达成和解。

And through his tenacity and creativity, he was able to get DuPont to settle in September 2004.

该公司同意在受影响的地区安装水过滤厂，并且他们还同意资助一项无限制的研究，以确定PFOA与人类疾病之间是否存在可能的联系。

Now the company agreed to install water filtration plants in the affected districts, and they also agreed to fund a study without limitations to determine if there was a probable link between PFOA and diseases in human.

如果发现这种联系，杜邦公司还同意为这起诉讼中所有受影响的群体支付医疗监测费用。

Now if the link was found, then DuPont also agreed to pay for medical monitoring for all of the affected groups in this lawsuit.

总和解金额约为2170万美元，律师事务所没有损失任何资金，这些地区也获得了清洁的水源。

The total settlement came to some of, like, $21,700,000, and the law firm didn't lose any money and the districts had clean water.

但仍有更多工作要做。

But there was a lot more to do.

律师们通过所代表的所有人投票，将和解金用于医疗检测和研究，所有这些费用都由杜邦公司承担，总计约3300万美元。

The lawyers with the votes of all the people they represented used the settlement money for medical testing and research, all of which DuPont had to foot the bill for totaling around $33,000,000.

于是他们开展了这项大型医学研究，最终耗时七年。

So they do this big medical research study, and it ends up taking seven years.

朋友们，这项科学研究确实花费了不少时间。

So friends, the scientific study took quite some time.

在此期间，令人悲痛的是，集体诉讼中的许多成员被诊断出患有癌症。

And during that time, a bunch of the class members, aka the people who were in the lawsuit, they were diagnosed with cancer, sadly.

威尔伯·坦南特也被诊断出癌症，后来因心脏病发作去世。

Wilbur Tennant was also diagnosed with cancer, and then he would die from a heart attack.

而他的妻子也在两年后因癌症去世。

And then his wife, she also died of cancer two years later.

科学家团队于2011年开始公布研究结果。

The team of scientists began releasing results at the 2011.

他们发现PFOA暴露与以下疾病存在可能的关联——做好准备听这个清单：肾癌、睾丸癌、甲状腺疾病、高胆固醇、子痫前期、溃疡性结肠炎（这个我说得很准）、妊娠高血压以及胆固醇水平升高。

They found that there was a probable link between PFOA exposure and, get ready for this list, kidney cancer, testicular cancer, thyroid disease, high cholesterol, preeclampsia, ulcerative colitis, I nailed that one, pregnancy induced hypertension, and elevated cholesterol levels.

看来律师罗伯终于掌握了确凿证据。

So it seems like Rob, the lawyer, he finally had his proof.

PFOA无疑是有毒物质。

PFOA was poison for sure.

我们该把这称为水环境毒素，它简直无处不在。

We should be calling this aquatifauna, and it was literally everywhere.

明白了吗？

Okay?

你可能会在心里想，哦，天哪。

You might be thinking to yourself, oh, man.

这太令人难过了，简直一团糟。

That's super sad, super messed up.

而且，谢天谢地我不在西弗吉尼亚州，或者，感谢上帝我当时不在那里。

And, like, thank goodness I don't live in West Virginia or, like, thank God I wasn't around back then.

呼。

Whoo.

但我想让你知道，如果你在美国，不不。

But I want you to know that if you are in The United States, nay nay.

我的朋友，你可能已经受到了影响。

You, my friend, may have been affected.

2002年，美国环保署发现不仅是饮用水，普通公众也面临风险。

In 2002, the EPA found that it wasn't just drinking water, but also the general public at risk.

比如使用特氟龙煎锅烹饪的人——那些几乎家家户户都有的标志性特氟龙锅——也含有PFOA。

Anyone who used Teflon pans to cook with, for example, what the super iconic Teflon pans that were literally in every household also had PFOA.

是的。

Yes.

而且它就像被直接煮进了食物里。

And it was being, like, cooked right into the food.

嗯哼。

Mm-mm.

你吃下去了。

You ate it.

不是你，但，你知道的，你可能吃过，但不是你。

Not you, but, like, you know, you might have, but not you.

总之，环保署还发现PFOA已经进入了美国的血库。

Anyways, the EPA also found out that PFOA had made its way into American blood banks.

人们在献血，这非常善良。

People were donating their blood, which very nice of them.

我们为他们鼓掌。

We applaud them.

他们不知道自己血液中含有PFOA，就这样被捐献出去了。

They didn't know that they had PFOA in their blood, and it was donated.

所以就像，PFOA简直就像在下雨一样无处不在。

So then, like, PFOA is just like, it's raining PFOA.

截至2003年，据估计美国成年人血液中PFOA的平均浓度已达到十亿分之四到五。

By 2003, it was estimated that the average American adult had concentration of PFOA in their blood of four to five parts per billion.

在当今美国，几乎每个人的血液中都可能含有PFOA。

In America today, nearly every person is likely to have PFOA in their blood.

是的。

Yes.

总之就是这样。

It's anyhow.

在27个州94个不同供水区都检测到了这种工业化学物质，PFOA不仅存在于三文鱼、剑鱼、海龟、海狮和北极熊的血液中。

Manufactured chemicals have been found in 94 different water districts across 27 different states, and they've been found PFOA, it's been found in the blood of salmon, swordfish, sea turtles, sea lions, polar bears.

这份名单还能继续列下去。

I mean, the list can really go on here.

你知道吗？

You know?

关于这类化学物质的新研究不断涌现，证据持续表明这些人造化学物质具有复杂的影响。

So new studies on these types of chemicals appear all the time, and the evidence continues to suggest that these man made chemicals have complex effects.

2014●●年发现母乳喂养是主要暴露途径之一。

In 2014, it was found that breastfeeding is a major source of exposure.

●●其他研究发现婴儿期暴露●与免疫缺陷有关。

Other studies found that exposure during infancy is associated with immune deficiency.

现在意大利的研究人员发现，暴露于●●这些化学物质与精子数量减少、精子活力下降以及阴茎缩短存在关联。

Now researchers in Italy, let me tell you, they found a link between exposure to these chemicals and lower sperm counts, lower sperm mobility, and shorter penises.

是的。

Yeah.

你没听错。

You heard me right.

不需要倒回十五秒重听。

No need to rewind fifteen seconds.

阴茎变短。

Shorter penises.

2016年10月，3535人对杜邦化学公司提起了人身伤害诉讼。

In October 2016, 3,535 people filed personal injury lawsuits against DuPont chemicals.

第一个真正进入审判阶段的是卡拉·巴特利特，我记得她是一名肾癌幸存者。

The first actually to go to trial was Carla Bartlett, I believe, who survived kidney cancer.

她最终获得了160万美元的赔偿。

Now she was awarded $1,600,000.

该公司还将向3550名接触过PFOA的人支付额外的6.7亿美元。

The company would pay out an additional 670,000,000 to three thousand five hundred and fifty people who were exposed to PFOA.

最终，杜邦公司在2013年停止生产和使用PFOA。

Eventually, DuPont stopped producing and using PFOA in 2013.

全球其他五家使用该化学品的公司也开始逐步淘汰它——这提醒了我，我忘记查另外五家公司是哪几家了。

And the five other companies worldwide that used it also began phasing it out, which reminds me, I forgot to look up, what those five other companies were.

哎呀。

Oops.

去谷歌搜索一下。

Go Google it.

告诉我结果。

Let me know.

总之，2015年杜邦成立了一家名为科慕的新公司。

Anyways, so in 2015, DuPont made a new corporation called Chemers.

现在科慕使用了一种类似但不同的化合物，据说能更快生物降解。

And now Chemers uses a similar different compound that is supposed to biodegrade at a faster pace.

（翻白眼）

Eye roll.

当然。

Sure.

而他们早已知晓这种所谓的更安全化合物超过二十年了。

Which they knew about this quote, unquote safer compound for more than twenty years.

但显然，直到诉讼、环保署和全国关注才让他们意识到：喂。

But, of course, it took the lawsuits, the EPA, national attention to make them think like, hey.

或许我们该做出改变了

Maybe we should make the switch.

或许我们该关心一下，哪怕假装关心

Maybe we should care or pretend to care.

顺便说一句，这种替代化合物是未经监管的

This alternative compound, by the way, unregulated.

是啊

Yeah.

我说了

Said it.

未经监管

Unregulated.

所以根本不知道它是否真的安全

So no idea if it's actually safe or not.

而且他们没给我们任何相信他们的理由

And they've given us no reason to believe them.

所以再一次，很酷。

So once again, cool.

我喜欢这样。

Love that.

但别担心，伙计们。

But don't worry, guys.

别惊慌，因为科默斯，也就是杜邦公司，他们说这完全安全。

Don't freak out because Kemers, aka DuPont, they say it's totally safe.

看起来律师罗布也不相信他们。

It doesn't seem like Rob, the lawyer, believes them either.

每年罗布都会给环保局写信，敦促对饮用水中的PFOA进行监管。

Every single year, Rob writes a letter to the EPA urging regulation of PFOA and drinking water.

他们为这些含量设定了建议标准，但仅此而已，而且没人知道那意味着什么。

They have an advisory setting for these levels, but that is all and, like, nobody knows what that means.

你知道那是什么意思吗？

Do you know what that means?

不知道。

No.

正是如此。

Exactly.

没人知道那意味着什么。

Nobody knows what that means.

没人知道。

Nobody knows.

2016年，罗伯告诉《纽约时报》：'我们早在2001年就向相关机构报告过此事，而他们基本上毫无作为。'

In 2016, Rob told the New York Times, quote, we told the agencies about this in 2001, and they've essentially done nothing.

这十四年来，这些物质一直在被使用，持续存在于全国各地的饮用水中。

That's fourteen years of this stuff continuing to be used, continuing to be in the drinking water all over the country.

杜邦公司只是悄悄转向了另一种物质。

DuPont just quietly switches over to the next substance, end quote.

科慕公司仍在帕克斯堡的原厂区运营，继续生产制造特氟龙的产品。

Kemers, which operates and runs their original facility in Parkersburg, still produces products to make Teflon.

我在笑是因为，没错，他们还在生产这些东西。

I'm laughing because, like, yeah, they're still making them.

就像，哦，是啊，宝贝。

Like, oh, yeah, babe.

它无处不在。

It's all around you.

现在立刻转身看看。

Turn around right now.

那是PFOA。

It's PFOA.

它就在你身后。

It's right behind you.

你知道吗？

You know?

就像，它到处都是。

Like, it's everywhere.

他们仍在生产这种物质。

They're still producing it.

我仍在不断排放它。

I'm still dumping it away.

哦，而且还有更多杜邦分拆的公司存在，比如陶氏化学。

Oh, and and more DuPont spin off companies are out there, like Dow Inc.

感觉我们像是身处某个诡异的阴阳魔界。

It's like we're in some weird twilight zone.

你知道吗？

You know?

所以人们当时非常关注并密切追踪杜邦化学品案。

So people were concerned and following closely the DuPont chemical case.

但迄今为止传达的信息是杜邦做了坏事。

But the message so far was DuPont did something bad.

他们被处以罚款。

They paint a fine.

他们做了些测试，然后，像是发现了备用方案或者改了名字，调整了架构，结果没人进监狱。

They did some testing and, like, found a backup or they changed their name, moved things around, and no one went to jail.

就这样结束了。

The end.

你懂吗？

You know?

就像，这就是事情的全貌。

Like, that's what the story was.

总之，这些企业已经认识到监管机构在美国——以及在这个质疑科学、削减研究经费、允许人员在政府职位和企业职位之间来回切换的领域里——真正拥有的权力，或者说真正缺乏的权力。

So, anyways, these corporations learned the true power or true lack of power that regulatory agencies have in The United States and in a world that mistrust science, underfunds research, and allows for people to bounce back and forth between government jobs and corporate jobs in the same field.

我们有多大机会能阻止下一场杜邦化学灾难？

What chances do we have to stop the next DuPont chemical disaster?

我是说，可能已经发生了。

I mean, it's probably already happened.

靠。

Shit.

不幸的是，对我们来说坏消息是，这种毒物的不同变体仍存在于我们的饮用水中。

Unfortunately, bad news for us, different variations of this poison are still in our drinking water.

是的。

Yes.

我们中毒了。

We are poisoned.

而且它就存在于那些你认为习以为常的日常用品里。

And it's in everyday materials that you think of as second nature.

还记得我提到过这个故事如何影响你吗？

Remember how I mentioned the story affects you?

确实如此，因为你血液中含有PFOA（全氟辛酸）的几率非常高。

Well, it does because you have a very high chance of having PFOA in your blood.

简而言之，我们的身体就是无法分解这种化学物质。

To keep it simple, our body just doesn't have the ability to break down the chemical.

当你真正思考时，这难道不恶心吗？

And when you really think about it, it isn't that gross?

因为杜邦公司，你体内就有了这种东西。

Because of DuPont, you have this thing in you.

对吧？

Right?

而且，你会觉得这应该引起更多关注才对。

And, like, you would think that would make more noise.

你明白吗？

You know?

如果环保署不能或不愿阻止杜邦，那我们又能做些什么呢？

If the EPA couldn't or wouldn't stop DuPont, well, what can we do about it?

你懂我的意思吗？

You know?

我们算老几啊？

Like, who the hell are we?

而这些大公司，他们显然正在让我们生病。

And these large corporations, they're just clearly making us ill.

我们能对此做些什么呢？

What can we do about it?

我个人非常钦佩律师罗伯、威尔伯以及那些租户，他们敢于对抗像杜邦这样的大公司，展现了非凡的勇气。

I personally really admire Rob, the lawyer, Wilbur, and the tenants for their bravery to go after a large company like DuPont.

我是说，这真的很勇敢。

I mean, that's ballsy.

这需要极大的胆量。

That takes some serious balls.

此外，为了多年来对追求正义和真相的奉献。

Also, for the years of dedication to seeking justice and for seeking the truth.

我对那种经典的大卫对抗歌利亚式的故事毫无抵抗力，但遗憾的是，我无法说这次是小人物赢了，因为我们并没有。

I'm a sucker for a good old fashioned David and Goliath type story, but I wish I could say, like, the little guy won here, but we did not.

杜邦公司是个绝佳例证，说明推动真正的环境法规有多么重要，不仅仅是为了保护树木或鲸鱼。

DuPont is a good example as how important it is to push for actual environmental regulations, not just to save the trees or the whales.

我是说，没错，那些东西确实很棒。

I mean, yeah, those things are great.

当然，我们想保护这些。

Of course, we wanna save those.

但更重要的是保护自己免受那些想利用我们、我们的身体以及我们赖以生存的土地的大公司的侵害。

But literally to protect yourself from these large corporations who wanna take advantage of us and our bodies plus the lands that we live on.

听着。

Look.

你不该因为想让鸡蛋不粘锅而中毒。

You don't deserve to get poisoned over eggs not sticking to your pan.

我想借此机会衷心感谢杜邦化学公司，感谢他们那些影响我们所有人的'美好'秘密。

I just quickly wanna take this moment and give a big thank you to DuPont Chemical for all of their beautiful secrets that have affected all of us.

对此我深表感激。

I appreciate that.

哦对了，伙计们，你们完全可以把那话儿短小的责任推给杜邦。

Oh, also, guys, you can totally blame your small, you know, your small member on DuPont.

我就这么一说。

Just saying.

这是个机会。

It's an opportunity.

当我第一次读到这个故事时，觉得非常着迷，因为罗伯揭露了一个相当大的秘密。

When I first read about the story, I found it super fascinating because Rob uncovered a pretty large secret.

对吧？

Right?

杜邦公司正在用他们产品中的化学物质毒害水源和我们所有人。

DuPont was poisoning the water and all of us with the chemicals in their products.

这是被证实了的。

This was proven.

这是被证实了的，然而什么都没改变。

This was proven, and nothing happened.

为什么？

Why?

这个问题真的让我夜不能寐。

This question literally keeps me up at night.

我们血液中含有这些从所购产品中摄入的化学物质，且已被证实会导致人生病。

We have these chemicals in our blood from products that we've been sold, and they've been proven to make people sick.

我是说，这还不够严重吗？

I mean, isn't that enough?

你可能会这么认为。

You would think.

对吧？

Right?

难道这不会让任何人感到担忧吗？

Isn't that a bit concerning to anybody?

你知道，我们该如何处理这些信息？

You know, what do we do with this information?

老实说，我认为这是个很好的问题。

And honestly, I think that's a great question.

我想第一步是提高公众意识。

I guess step one is bringing awareness.

对吧？

Right?

但如果杜邦公司能长期毒害我们所有人而不受惩罚，其他公司可能还隐藏着什么？

But if DuPont got away with poisoning all of us for so long, what could everyone else be hiding?

我们能做些什么来阻止这种情况再次发生？

And what can we do to stop this from happening again?

我想知道。

I wanna know.

我是说，因为我们这里需要一些答案。

I mean, I because we need some answers here.

我们需要一个计划。

We need a plan.

让我们继续这个对话。

Let's continue this conversation.

快去推特上使用标签#黑暗历史，告诉我你的想法。

Hop on over to Twitter using the hashtag dark history, and let me know what you think.

总之，如果你喜欢这个故事，欢迎来我的YouTube频道，你可以在播客播出后观看这些集数，还能追我的《谋杀悬疑与美妆》节目，每周一更新。

Anyways, if you enjoyed this story, join me over on my YouTube where you can watch these episodes after the podcast airs and also catch my murder mystery and makeup, which drops every Monday.

今天我提前说过内容会有点黑暗。

Now I told you today it would be a little dark.

标题里都写了，所以接受现实吧。

It's in the title, so just get over it.

好吗？

Okay?

总之，非常感谢大家今天和我一起度过这段时光。

Anyways, thank you guys so much for hanging out with me today.

祝你们今天剩下的时间都愉快。

I hope you have a wonderful rest of your day.

记得要做明智的选择。

You make good choices.

尽管你们已经中毒了，今晚还是尽量睡个好觉，我们下周再聊。

Try to get some sleep tonight even though you've been poisoned, and I'll talk to you next week.

再见。

Bye.

《黑暗历史》是Audio Boom原创节目。

Dark history is an audio boom original.

执行制片人包括来自Slash Management的Chelsea Durgin，以及Wheelhouse的Brent Montgomery、Ed Simpson、Fanny Badri、Afi Gandhi和Dariel Christian。

Executive producers include Chelsea Durgin from Slash Management and Brent Montgomery, Ed Simpson, Fanny Badri, Afi Gandhi, and Dariel Christian from Wheelhouse.

视频导演：Trent Barbosa与Spencer Strathmore。

Video directors, Trent Barbosa and Spencer Strathmore.

制片人：Lexi Kiven。

Producer, Lexi Kiven.

调研由Elizabeth Hyman提供。

Research provided by Elizabeth Hyman.

编剧：Sarah Camino与Hayley Gordon。

Written by Sarah Camino and Hayley Gordon.

由我——黑暗公主Bailey Sarian主持。

And hosted by me, Princess of the Dark, Bailey Sarian.