学习英语词汇 - 每日五词 #40.1

大家好，欢迎收听《像母语者一样说英语》播客。我是安娜，你正在收听的是第40周第一天的‘每日五词英语’课程。这是第二季。把我当作你的流利度向导吧。我每周一至周五都会在这里，准备好用英语词汇和短语来愉悦你的耳朵、充实你的大脑。

Hello, and welcome to the English Like a Native podcast. My name is Anna, and you're listening to week 40, day one of your English five a day. The second season. Think of me as your fluency guide. I'm here every day of the working week from Monday to Friday, ready to tickle your eardrums and fill your brain with words and phrases from the English language.

希望其中很多表达对你来说是新鲜的，但即便不是，在语境中重温它们也总是有益的。闲话少叙，让我们像往常一样先预览今天的内容：当狗挣脱项圈脱离牵引绳后，突然变得具有攻击性，在公园里对着人们吠叫猛扑。主人试图安抚它，但当狗开始追逐一名骑自行车的人时，情况急转直下。一位路人不得不上前制止并尝试安抚这只狗，以避免有人受伤。

Hopefully, many of them will be new to you, but if they're not, it's always good to revisit and to listen to them in context. So without further ado, let's start, as always, with a snapshot of what's to come. When the dog slipped out of its collar and was no longer on a lead, it suddenly became aggressive, barking and lunging at people in the park. Its owner tried to reason with it, but things took a turn when the dog chased a cyclist. A passerby had to confront and try to calm the dog before anyone got hurt.

好的，让我们开始学习词汇。首先是名词短语‘on a lead（系着牵引绳）’。拼写为l-e-a-d。我们通常用这个短语来描述动物（通常是狗）被主人用绳子或链条控制的情况。在美国，牵引绳被称为leash，所以你可能会听到‘on a leash’的说法。

Right. Let's jump into that vocabulary starting with the noun phrase on a lead on a lead On a lead, l e a d. We usually use this to describe when an animal, usually a dog, is controlled by a rope or chain that's held by its owner. Now in America, a lead is referred to as a leash. So you may hear the noun phrase on a leash.

但在英国，最常使用lead这个词来描述这种约束装置——这根让狗保持受控状态的绳子或链条。而且不仅是狗，其他动物也可能需要牵引绳。我就给我的猫准备过牵引绳，虽然已经很久没用了。

But in The UK, the word lead is most common to describe this tether, this rope or chain that keeps the dog under control. And it's not just dogs. Some other animals may be out on a lead. I have a lead for my cats. I haven't used it for a very long time.

这是我当初为了让它们初次接触户外时使用的。我会给它们系上牵引绳带出去，这样既能控制它们，又能防止它们跑得太远。例句：在公园里必须给狗系上牵引绳。接下来我们要学习形容词aggressive（具有攻击性的）。

It's something I used when they were first being introduced to the great outdoors. I would put them on a lead and take them out on a lead so that I could keep them under control and stop them from wandering off too far. Here's an example sentence. Dogs must be kept on a lead in the park. Next, we have the adjective aggressive aggressive.

拼写为a-g-g-r-e-s-s-i-v-e。如果某物或某人被描述为aggressive，说明其行为带有愤怒或强迫性，可能会伤害或吓到他人。如果你周六晚上去市中心酒吧俱乐部附近，很可能会看到有人表现出攻击性行为，听到攻击性言语，

We spell this a g g r e s s I v e, aggressive. Aggressive. If something or someone is described as aggressive, then it's behaving in an angry or forceful way that may hurt or frighten others. So if you go out on a Saturday night in the middle of a city center near the pubs and the clubs, then you will likely see someone behaving in an aggressive way. You might hear aggressive words.

或是看到攻击性的肢体语言。希望你不会成为被攻击对象，但肯定会目睹一些攻击行为。例句：他用一种让所有人都紧张的攻击性语气说话。

You might see aggressive body language. Hopefully, you won't be on the receiving end of it. But you certainly would witness some aggressive behavior. Here's an example sentence. He spoke in an aggressive tone that made everyone nervous.

好的，继续。我们有个短语叫'take a turn'。'Take a turn'。'Take'拼作t a k e。

Okay. Moving on. We have the phrase take a turn. Take a turn. Take we spell t a k e.

'A turn'拼作t u r n。'To take a turn'，如果某事物（通常是状况或人）'takes a turn'，意味着其状态或质量发生了变化，尤其是快速或突然的变化。例如，你们可能正在进行愉快的交谈，然后突然提到某事，对话就'takes a turn'，骤然变成充满敌意的争吵。双方都会感到震惊，因为原本友好的谈话突然急转直下。

A turn, t u r n. To take a turn, if something, usually a condition or a person takes a turn, then it means there's a change in condition or quality, especially something that changes quickly or suddenly. For example, you might be having a nice conversation, and then something is mentioned, and suddenly the conversation takes a turn. And it becomes very suddenly a nasty interaction, an angry exchange of words. And both of you are left a little shell shocked because you were having a nice conversation and then it just took a turn.

如果某人健康状况突然恶化，你可以说他们的健康'took a turn'。例句：安妮被迫提前退休后，健康状况急转直下。接下来我们要讲短语动词'reason with'。

You might describe someone's health as taking a turn if they suddenly become unwell. Here's an example sentence. Anne's health took a turn after she was forced to retire early. Next, we have the phrasal verb reason with. To reason with.

'Reason'拼作r e a s o n，'with'拼作w I t h。'To reason with someone'是指尝试冷静地与对方沟通，说服其改变想法。比如，如果我十几岁的女儿参加派对后本该晚上9点回家却迟迟未归，丈夫勃然大怒。我们知道她在朋友家，他气得抓起钥匙就要冲出门去，说要接她回来好好教训一顿。

Reason, r e a s o n, with w I t h. To reason with someone is to try to talk to that person calmly and persuade them to think differently. For example, if my teenage daughter is late coming home, she's supposed to be back by 9PM after a party and she has not turned up, And my husband is furious. And we know where she is. She's at her friend's house, and he is so angry that he grabs the keys and heads towards the door and says, I am going to pick her up and give her a piece of my mind.

这时我可能会尝试'reason with'丈夫。我会心平气和地劝他给她些时间，让她自己回家，然后我们再坐下来谈规矩和界限，而不是直接去朋友家接她让她难堪。所以我会尽力与丈夫理性沟通。另一个例句：很难与不愿倾听的人讲道理。

Well, I might try to reason with my husband. I will talk to him calmly and try to persuade him to give her a little bit of time, allow her to come home, and then we can sit down and talk to her about rules and boundaries, but not to go and embarrass her by picking her up from her friend's house. So I'll try my best to reason with my husband. Here's another example sentence. It's hard to reason with someone who won't listen.

你最近需要与某人讲道理吗？成功了吗？最后我们学习动词'confront'。拼作c o n f r o n t。

Have you had to reason with somebody lately? Did you succeed? Last but not least, we have the verb confront. Confront. We spell this c o n f r o n t, confront.

'To confront someone'是指在困难或挑战性情境中直接面对某人或某事。比如你可能需要当面质问涉嫌犯错的员工——如果公司资金不断丢失，你怀疑知道是谁干的，现在就是时候直接'confront'对方了，尽管这相当棘手。

To confront someone is to face that person or to face that thing directly, often in a difficult or challenging situation. So you may need to confront a member of staff who appears to be doing something wrong. Maybe money has been going missing and you think you know the culprit. You think you know who has been taking money from the company. And now it's time to confront them, to talk to them directly even though it's quite a difficult situation.

这里有一个例句。他决定就这种不公平待遇与老板对质。好的，这就是我们的五个要点。现在让我们快速回顾一下。

Here's an example sentence. He decided to confront his boss about the unfair treatment. Okay. So that's our five. Let's do a quick recap now.

我们从名词短语'on a lead'开始，这指的是动物（通常是狗）被主人用绳子或链条牵着的情况。然后是形容词'aggressive'，指以愤怒或强势的方式行事，可能伤害或吓到他人。还有短语'take a turn'，描述某事在状况或质量上发生改变，尤其是快速或突然的变化。

We started with the noun phrase on a lead, which is when an animal, usually a dog, is controlled by a rope or chain that's held by its owner. They are on a lead. We had the adjective aggressive, which is behaving in an angry or forceful way that may hurt or frighten others. Aggressive. We had the phrase take a turn, which describes something that changes in condition or quality, especially in a quick or sudden way.

然后是短语动词'reason with'。当我们试图冷静地与某人交谈并说服他们改变想法时，我们就是在'reason with'他们。最后是动词'confront'，指直面某人或某事，通常是在困难或具有挑战性的情况下。

To take a turn. And we had the phrasal verb reason with. When we try to talk to someone calmly and persuade them to think differently, We reason with them. Finally, we had the verb confront, which is to face someone or something directly, often in a difficult or challenging situation. To confront.

现在轮到你了。我希望你能直面自己害怕说话的心理。我希望你能提高音量，不必带有攻击性。但我确实希望你练习发音，所以请跟我重复。

Now, it's your turn. I would like you to confront your fear of speaking. I want you to raise your voice up. It doesn't have to be aggressive. But I do want you to practice your pronunciation, so please repeat after me.

On a lead. On a lead. Aggressive. Aggressive. Take a turn.

On a lead. On a lead. Aggressive. Aggressive. Take a turn.

Take a turn. Reason with. Reason with. Confront. Confront. 好的，太棒了。让我们再听一遍快照。

Take a turn. Reason with. Reason with confront confront Okay. Fantastic. Let's hear our snapshot once again.

当狗挣脱项圈不再被牵着时，它突然变得具有攻击性，在公园里对着人们吠叫和猛扑。主人试图与它讲道理，但当狗开始追逐一名骑自行车的人时，情况急转直下。一位路人不得不直面并试图安抚这只狗，以免有人受伤。好的，现在让我们进入主要故事。

When the dog slipped out of its collar and was no longer on a lead, it suddenly became aggressive, barking and lunging at people in the park. Its owner tried to reason with it, but things took a turn when the dog chased a cyclist. A passerby had to confront and try to calm the dog before anyone got hurt. Right. Let's now head into our main story.

请再次注意听那些目标词汇。那是一个安静的周六早晨。安妮塔端着咖啡穿过公园，享受着新鲜空气和难得的宁静时刻。但在旧板球场附近，情况急转直下。一声尖锐的犬吠划破寂静，随后传来低沉的咆哮声。

Please listen out for that target vocabulary once more. It started as a quiet Saturday morning. Anita walked through the park with her coffee, enjoying the fresh air and a rare moment of peace. But things took a turn near the old cricket pitch. A sharp bark cut through the silence, followed by a deep growl.

她及时转身，看到一只没拴绳的大型罗威纳犬正冲过草地。一只受惊的西班牙猎犬蜷缩在年迈的主人身后，老人徒劳地挥舞着拐杖。安妮塔扔下咖啡冲向他们，心跳如雷。'嘿！管好你的狗'，她对那个穿着灰色运动服、慢悠悠跟在罗威纳犬后面的男人喊道，对方却全然无动于衷。

She turned just in time to see a large Rottweiler, not on a lead, charging across the grass. A terrified spaniel cowered behind its elderly owner who waved her walking stick in vain. Anita dropped her coffee and ran towards them, heart pounding. Hey. Get your dog under control, she shouted at the man in the grey tracksuit who strolled behind the Rottweiler, completely unbothered.

'它只是在玩'，男人嘟囔着，脚步丝毫没加快。'玩？'安妮塔反问，'它明明在攻击。看看那位可怜的女士。'

He's just playing, the man muttered, not speeding up. Playing? Anita echoed. He's being aggressive. Look at that poor woman.

男人耸耸肩继续往前走。安妮塔冲过去挡在两只狗之间，高举双手。罗威纳犬停了下来，仍保持着攻击姿态，随后转身回到主人身边。危机暂时解除了。安妮塔转向那位还在发抖的女士。

The man shrugged and kept walking. Anita rushed to stand between the dogs raising her hands. The Rottweiler paused, Heckle still raised, then turned back to its owner. Crisis averted for now. Anita turned to the woman who was trembling.

'您没事吧？'她轻声问道。'我想是的'，女士回答，'但这太可怕了。'这已经不是安妮塔第一次在公园里见到这种情形了。

Are you alright? She asked gently. I think so, the woman said. But that was terrifying. It wasn't the first time Anita had seen this sort of behavior in the park.

事实上，这种情况正变得越来越常见。人们放任自己的狗乱跑，还拒绝讲道理。这让她怒火中烧。她在长椅附近追上了那个男人和他的狗。'打扰一下'，她试图和他理论。

In fact, it was becoming more common. People let their dogs run wild and refused to listen to reason. It made her blood boil. She caught up with the man and his dog near the benches. Excuse me, she said, trying to reason with him.

你真的应该给你的狗拴上绳子。它吓到了那位女士和她的狗。男人嗤之以鼻：'受不了狗的人就不该来公园。'事情就这样不了了之。

You really should keep your dog on a lead. He frightened that woman and her dog. The man snorted. If people can't handle dogs, they shouldn't come to the park. That was it.

安妮塔已经尝试过礼貌沟通。现在她要正面质问他了。'你才是那个管不好狗的人，'她厉声说道。'这个公园是大家的，你的狗不拴绳很危险。要是有孩子在附近怎么办？'

Anita had tried being polite. Now she would confront him properly. You're the one who can't handle a dog, she snapped. This park is for everyone, and your dog isn't safe off its lead. What if a child had been nearby?

其他公园游客开始驻足围观。那个男人不自在地挪动脚步，但仍试图一笑置之。安妮塔还没说完。'像你这样的不负责任狗主人，我们有个专门的说法，而且我们已经受够了。'男人环顾四周，看到人们不满的表情，终于把狗绳扣在了项圈上。

Other park goers were beginning to stop and watch. The man shifted uncomfortably but still tried to laugh it off. Anita wasn't finished. There's an expression for people like you, irresponsible dog owners, and we've had enough. The man looked around, saw the disapproving faces, and finally clipped the lead onto his dog's collar.

安妮塔走开了，心跳加速。她不喜欢冲突，但总得有人站出来。当她回头看到男人牵着狗绳离开时，胸中涌起一丝来之不易的胜利感。'今天的节目就到这里。希望你喜欢这个故事。'

Anita walked away, her heart racing. She didn't like confrontations, but someone had to speak up. As she glanced back at the man retreating with his dog on a lead, she felt a small, hard earned victory settle in her chest. And that brings us to the end of today's episode. I do hope you enjoyed it.

但最重要的是，我希望你觉得这个故事有意义。如果喜欢的话，请花一秒钟时间点赞（如果你在YouTube观看），或是在其他流媒体平台留下评分或评论。你能这样做就太好了。非常感谢。明天见，请一定照顾好自己。

But most of all, I hope you found it useful. If you did, then please take a second to leave a like if you're watching on YouTube, or a rating or review if you're streaming from any other platform. That would be fantastic if you could. Thank you so much. And until tomorrow, take very good care of yourself.

再见。

And goodbye.