罗马共和国的衰落：奥古斯都的崛起

你好。

Hello.

这是由八岁的索菲带来的历史故事时间。

This is history story time with Sophie, age eight.

那就是我。

That's me.

还有六岁的艾莉。

And Ellie, age six.

那就是我。

That's me.

还有我们的爸爸。

And our daddy.

那就是我。

That's me.

我们喜欢听关于战争的故事，

We like hearing about battles,

砍头、国王和王后。

chopping off heads, and kings and queens.

为了女王。

For the queen.

我会加入一些有趣的部分。

I add in the funny bits.

我会加入一些恶心的部分。

I add in the disgusting bits.

我们每周都会讲一个新故事。

And we tell a new story every week.

所以别忘了订阅或关注。

So don't forget to subscribe or follow.

首先，自从我们上一期以来，耽搁了一段时间。

Firstly, we've had a bit of a delay since our last episode.

对此我感到抱歉，但现在我们回来了。

I'm sorry about that, but we are back now.

在上一期中，我们开始讲述两千年前罗马共和国衰亡的故事。

In the last episode, we started telling the story of the fall of the Roman Republic two thousand years ago.

我们告诉她，勇敢的将军尤利乌斯·凯撒被谋杀了。

We told her the brave general, Julius Caesar was murdered.

他被其他贵族刺杀身亡，其中包括他的朋友布鲁图斯。

He was stabbed to death by other nobles, including his friend Brutus.

你已被称重，你已被衡量，你已被发现不足。

You have been weighed, you have been measured, and you have been found wanting.

人们认为他想成为罗马的国王。

People thought he wanted to be king of Rome.

他们不希望罗马有一个国王。

They did not want Rome to have a king.

他的谋杀者以为自己会被罗马人民视为英雄。

His murderers thought they would be treated as heroes by the people of Rome.

他们夸耀自己所做的事情。

They boasted of what they had done.

为了自由。

For freedom.

他们甚至把用来行刺的匕首图案印在了钱币上。

They even put pictures of the daggers that they had used on their coins.

崇高的牺牲。

A noble sacrifice.

但凯撒的朋友愤怒了。

But Caesar's friends were furious.

你们会为此付出代价。

You will pay for this.

他最好的朋友叫马克·安东尼。

His best friend was called Mark Anthony.

马克·安东尼被邀请在尤利乌斯·凯撒的葬礼上发表演讲。

Mark Anthony was invited to give a speech at Julius Caesar's funeral.

城里的人们都来听讲。

People from all over the city came to listen.

马克·安东尼的演讲告诉所有人，凯撒多么热爱罗马的普通百姓。

Mark Antony's speech told everyone how much Caesar had loved the ordinary people of Rome.

他告诉人们，凯撒甚至在遗嘱中留下了钱给穷人。

He told people how Caesar had even left money in his will for the poor people.

我们终将再次崛起。

We will rise again.

随着人群越来越愤怒，马克·安东尼向众人举起了凯撒的托加长袍。

As the crowd got more and more angry, Mark Antony held up to the crowd Caesar's toga.

这是凯撒遇害当天所穿的衣服。

This was the clothes that Caesar had worn on the day he died.

长袍上布满了刀刺的痕迹，沾满了鲜血。

It was torn with stab marks and it was covered in blood.

以血还血。

Blood will pay for blood.

人群愤怒了。

The crowd were furious.

他们在街道上暴动。

They rioted through the streets.

他们四处寻找刺杀凯撒的凶手，想要杀死他们。

They went looking for the murderers of Caesar to try and kill them.

我会复仇。

I will have my revenge.

布鲁图斯和其他凶手逃走了。

Brutus and the other murderers escaped.

救命。

Help.

尤利乌斯·凯撒没有儿子，但他指定了他的侄子为继承人。

Julius Caesar had no son but he named his nephew as his heir.

他的名字叫屋大维。

His name was Octavian.

你好。

Hi there.

他现在自称奥古斯都·凯撒。

He now called himself Octavian Caesar.

但他仍然很年轻。

He was still quite young though.

屋大维和马克·安东尼最初合作。

Octavian and Mark Antony at first worked together.

他们组建了一支军队，追击布鲁图斯和其他刺杀凯撒的凶手。

They raised an army and chased Brutus and the other murderers of Caesar.

他们在战场上与他们交战并击败了他们。

They met them in battle and defeated them.

布鲁图斯自杀了。

Brutus killed himself.

屋大维和马克·安东尼现在将罗马统治的领土一分为二。

Octavian and Mark Antony now split the lands, ruled by Rome between them.

马克·安东尼前往东方。

Mark Antony went east.

他从埃及统治。

He ruled from Egypt.

屋大维留在罗马，统治西方。

Octavian stayed in Rome and ruled the West.

他们彼此并不真正信任。

Neither really trusted the other.

然而，他们决定如果成为朋友而非敌人，情况会更好。

However, they decided things would be better off if they were friends, not enemies.

并证明他们可以成为朋友。

And prove they could be friends.

安东尼娶了屋大维的妹妹奥克塔维亚。

Mug Antony married Octavian's sister, Octavia.

真棒。

Love that.

但当马克·安东尼到达埃及时，他与克利奥帕特拉重逢了。

But when Mark Antony got to Egypt, he met up with Cleopatra.

她是埃及的女王。

She was the queen of Egypt.

太棒了。

Fabulous.

她曾是尤利乌斯·凯撒的情人。

She had been Julia Caesar's girlfriend.

现在她成了马克·安东尼的情人。

Now she became Mark Antony's girlfriend.

难以置信。

Unbelievable.

这对她很有用，因为她有了一个强大的罗马人帮助她。

This was useful for her because she had a powerful Roman to help her.

这对马克·安东尼也有利，因为克利奥帕特拉和埃及非常富有。

It was useful for Mark Antony because Cleopatra and Egypt were very rich.

罗马人不喜欢马克·安东尼有情人，他们为他的妻子奥克塔维亚感到惋惜。

People in Rome did not like that Mark Antony had a girlfriend and they felt sorry for his wife Octavia.

奥克塔维安也不喜欢这样。

Octavian didn't like it either.

这真让我生气。

That just makes me mad.

他也不喜欢马克·安东尼富有而强大。

He also didn't like that Mark Antony was rich and powerful.

和平不可能长久维持。

Peace could not last for long.

战争爆发了。

War broke out.

奥克塔维安的陆军和海军向东进发。

Octavian's army and navy came east.

马克·安东尼和克利奥帕特拉的海军与奥克塔维安的海军之间爆发了一场大规模海战。

There was a big, big battle at sea between Mark Antony and Cleopatra's navy and the navy of Octavian.

准备战斗。

Prepare for battle.

在战斗最激烈时，克利奥帕特拉感到害怕，带着她的船逃跑了。

At the height of the battle, Cleopatra got scared and fled with her ships.

走吧。

Hit the road.

马克·安东尼追随了她。

Mark Antony followed her.

他的整个舰队土崩瓦解。

His whole navy fell apart.

屋大维赢了。

Octavian had won.

然后，马克·安东尼的军队也逃跑了。

Then Mark Antony's army ran away.

我正在获得请。

I'm getting Please.

不。

No.

他极度悲伤，决定也结束自己的生命。

He was so unhappy that he decided to kill himself as well.

他用自己的剑刺向自己。

He stabbed himself with his own sword.

但他当时并没有立即死去。

He did not die at that very moment.

然后他得知克利奥帕特拉还活着。

Then he found out that Cleopatra was alive.

他被带到她身边，在她的怀中去世。

He was taken to her and died in her arms.

克利奥帕特拉随后试图

Cleopatra then tried to

与屋大维和解，但他毫无兴趣。

make peace with Octavian but he was not interested.

于是她让一条毒蛇藏在一篮无花果中，被送到她身边，从而自杀。

So she killed herself by having a poisonous snake brought to her in a basket of figs.

她

She

让蛇咬了她。

let the snake bite her.

卢赫。

Louch.

然后她死了。

And then she died.

现在奥克塔维安是罗马最有权力的人。

Now Octavian was the most powerful man in Rome.

没有人能阻止他。

No one could stop him.

几十年来发生了这么多战争，人们只想要和平。

There have been so many wars for decades that people just wanted peace.

他们不再关心谁在掌权。

They didn't care anymore who was in charge.

他们只希望战斗和死亡停止。

They just wanted the fighting and the dying to stop.

奥古斯都承诺和平，但条件由他决定，他掌控了罗马所有重要职位。

Octavian promised peace, but on his terms, he took all the important jobs in Rome.

从今天起，我来负责。

From this day forward, I'm in charge.

其中之一是‘英白拉多’。

One of these was Imperator.

这意味着指挥官。

This meant commander.

但随着时间推移，这个词演变成了‘皇帝’。

But over time, it turned into the word emperor.

为了皇帝。

For the emperor.

他还把自己的名字从奥克塔维安改为奥古斯都。

He also changed his name from Octavian to Augustus.

奥古斯都意味着那位著名的人。

Augustus means the famous person.

现在他是皇帝奥古斯都·凯撒。

Now he was emperor Augustus Caesar.

他总是假装自己不是国王，但他拥有国王的一切权力。

He always pretended he wasn't a king, but he had all the powers of a king.

罗马共和国结束了。

The Roman Republic was over.

现在它是罗马帝国。

Now it was the Roman Empire.

如果你喜欢这一集，我们还有一个关于奥古斯都妻子奥莉维亚的集数。

If you like this episode, we also have an episode on Olivia, who's the wife of Augustus.

我们还有一个关于克利奥帕特拉的完整集数。

And we have an episode all about Cleopatra.

你可能想加入我们的赞助人俱乐部。

You might like to join our patrons club.

那里有独家节目。

There are exclusive episodes there.

本周，我们有一集关于二战大西洋战役的内容。

This week, we have an episode about the battle of the Atlantic in World War two.

你可以了解德国潜艇U艇如何试图为邪恶的希特勒赢得战争。

You can learn how the German submarines called u boats try to win the war for evil Hitler.

你可以加入 @www.patreon.com/forwardslashhistorystorytime。

You can join @www.patreon.comforwardslashhistorystorytime.

所有详情都在节目说明中。

All the details are in the show notes.

晚安。

Sleep tight.

别让臭虫咬了。

Don't let the bedbugs bite.