自动驾驶配送连接城市与乡村

讨论让世界运转。

Discussion keeps the world turning.

这里是圆桌派。

This is Roundtable.

想象一架无人机将新鲜农产品运送到偏远村庄。

Imagine a drone delivering fresh produce to a remote village.

中国的物流革命正利用自主技术将其变为现实，重塑乡村生活与经济。

China's logistics revolution is turning this into a reality using autonomous tech to reshape rural life and economies.

但它能否克服最后的障碍？

But can it overcome the final obstacles?

我们将探讨其前景与挑战。

We'll explore the promise and the challenges.

我们正在北京演播室为您直播。

We're live from our studios in Beijing.

这里是圆桌派。

This is Roundtable.

我是史蒂夫。

I'm Steve.

非常感谢你今天抽空参加我们的节目。

Thank you very much for sharing your time with us, today.

今天和我一起主持节目的是雨顺和菲菲。

And for the show, I'm with Yushun and Fei Fei.

首先。

First up.

仅今年一年，中国就已配送超过18亿件包裹，这一惊人数量正加速无人驾驶运输技术在整个物流网络的应用。

This year alone, China has delivered over 1,800,000,000 parcels, a staggering volume that is accelerating the adoption of driverless transportation technologies across its logistics networks.

包括自动驾驶车辆和无人机在内的这些创新，正在彻底改变偏远山村的物资获取方式，确保食品药品等关键物资更快送达，同时通过增强的互联性创造新的经济机遇。

These innovations, including autonomous vehicles and drones, are revolutionizing access in remote mountain villages, ensuring faster delivery of critical goods like food and medicine while creating new economic opportunities through enhanced connectivity.

但仍面临重大挑战：复杂地形、监管框架以及高昂的初始基建成本，必须解决这些问题才能充分释放潜力，弥合农村社区最后一公里配送的缺口。

However, there are big hurdles such as complex terrain, regulatory frameworks, and the high initial costs of infrastructure that must be addressed to fully unlock this potential and bridge the last mile delivery gap in rural communities.

他们是如何实现的？还有哪些待解决的问题？

So how are they doing it, and what still needs to be done?

我们将尽力解答这些问题。

We'll try to answer those questions to the best of our ability.

中国的快递行业，艺馨和菲菲，下午好。

The courier industry in China, Yixin and Feifei, good afternoon.

它规模庞大是显而易见的，涉及许多不同分支，但今天我们主要关注自主配送这一方面。

It's not surprisingly huge, obviously, and it entails a lot of different branches, but today we're gonna be focus focusing on the autonomous delivery aspect.

这在过去似乎遥不可及，但对许多人来说，现在已成为现实。

Seemed like a distant future at one point, but for many, it's a reality now.

那么自动驾驶配送在我们当前生活中扮演着什么角色呢？

So what role do autonomous deliveries play in in our lives at this time?

嗯，你知道的，我们这周又收到了一组新数据。

Well, you know, we have a new set of data clock in this this week.

这是关于今年中国快递行业18亿件件的配送情况，正如史蒂夫所说，这并不令人意外。

It's about the 1,800,000,000 deliveries this year in China's courier industry, which is, well, as Steve said, not very surprising.

但令人惊讶的是，这18亿件包裹中最后一件的配送过程是完全自动化的。

But what's surprising is the last one bit of those 1,800,000,000 parcels is a fully automated delivery process.

这个包裹从无人仓库出发，通过无人车辆运输，最终交由快递员完成配送。

This parcel went through from a driverless v warehouse through driverless vehicles and then finally reaching off to the handoff of a courier.

这非常有趣，因为当前国内邮政快递行业持续扩大服务网络覆盖全国包括农村地区，得益于智能云仓、无人配送和低空物流等新技术的大规模应用，这些都是今年国内非常热门的新概念。

And that's very interesting because currently in the country, the postal and courier industry has continued to expand its service network across the country, including rural areas, taking advantage of the large scale application of smart cloud warehouses, driverless deliveries, and also low altitude logistics, which are all some new concept and very hit concept this year in the country.

是啊。

Yeah.

这非常具有未来感，但确实是我们当下的现实。

It's very futuristic, but it is our reality these days.

要知道，18亿件快递中的最后一件，这数字简直令人难以置信，对吧？

And the last of, you know, 1,800,000,000 parts it's just mind blowing, isn't it?

18亿件快递的投递量。

1,800,000,000 parcels delivered.

而这最后一件快递恰好是个绝佳范例。

But the very last of those parcels is a pretty good example.

嗯。

Mhmm.

是啊。

Yeah.

正如菲菲刚才所说，最后一件包裹是通过所有这些自动化流程送达的。

As, Fei Fei just said, the very last one is delivered through all of these automated processes.

我想说，这是巧合吗？

And I would say, is it an, is it a coincidence?

可能是的，但当我们仔细想想，这是由于数量变化导致的必然结果——或许最后一件，或许最后百万件包裹都是由这些自动化流程配送完成的。

Probably it is, but when we're thinking about it, it is because of the change of the quantity change to the actual fact of, the maybe the last one or maybe the last millions one are delivered by all of these automated processes.

国家邮政局数据显示，截至2024年，投入使用的无人配送车已超6000辆，远超目前行业龙头企业仅约3000辆规模的无人出租车车队。

Data from the bureau revealed that by the 2024, the number of autonomous delivery vehicles in use exceeded 6,000, and that far outnumbered the driverless taxis where the leading companies in the sector operate a total fleet of just about 3,000.

快递物流行业已成为最大应用领域。

The courier and logistics industry has been the biggest adopter.

这其中涉及众多市场参与者。

There are numerous players involved.

没错。

Yes.

例如，中通快递是中国领先的快递公司之一。

For example, ZTO Express is one of the leading express delivery companies in China.

该公司已部署近3000辆无人驾驶车辆，中通拥有1000多辆，顺丰约有1800辆。

The company has already deployed nearly 3,000 driverless vehicles, and ZTO has over 1,000, and SF Express has about 1,800.

此外，中国邮政在10月宣布计划在未来三到四年内采购7000辆此类车辆。

And also China Post announced in October that it plans to purchase 7,000 such vehicles over the next three to four years.

所以这个市场还会持续增长。

So it's going to continue to grow.

这些是车辆，但无人机也发挥着重要作用。

And those are the vehicles, but drones are also playing a significant role.

该局还表示，目前全国有300多架无人机递送超过300万个包裹。

The bureau also said that there are now over 300 drones delivering more than 3,000,000 packages nationwide.

从深圳的城市配送到农村物流区域，它们帮助创建了平衡高效城市路线与普惠乡村网络的发展模式，意味着你确实能看到这类无人机为山区村民投递包裹。

And from urban delivery in Shenzhen to rural logistics areas, they have helped create a development model that balances efficient city routes with inclusive rural networks, means that you can actually see these kind of drones, maybe delivering parcels in these mountainous areas for the villagers.

这在城市和农村地区都需要大量的规划工作。

It would take a tremendous amount of planning in the urban areas and the rural areas.

我是说，光是规划路线本身就是一个复杂的过程。

I mean, simply mapping out the routes itself would be a complicated process.

但说到农村地区，无人配送或无人驾驶配送的重点在城市和农村之间有何不同？

But speaking of the rural areas, how does the focus of, the unmanned delivery or or, driverless delivery differ from urban to rural areas?

是不同的流程吗？

Is a different process?

还是类似的流程？

Is it a similar process?

嗯，有一些相似之处，但我觉得也能注意到一些差异。

Well, there are some similarities, but also I think different differences can also be noticed.

例如，在非常发达的地区，比如上海或深圳，我认为这些自动化配送（包括无人机）基本上是为了满足高速配送需求而部署的，因为这些地方的生活节奏非常快，人们有时需要在一两个小时内收到物品。

For example, in very developed regions, for example, in Shanghai or in Shenzhen, I think these automated deliveries, including drones, are basically deployed to meet the high speed delivery demands because, you know, the life pace in those places are very fast, and people sometimes need something delivered within one or two hours.

这对人工配送构成了巨大挑战。

And that can pose great challenges to human deliveries.

而无人机就能发挥作用来帮忙解决这个问题。

But drones, for example, can have come in to help.

但对于中国中西部等农村地区来说，这项技术主要用于克服地形挑战，提高产品运输效率并降低成本。

But for, like, rural areas in, for example, Central or Western part of China, that is used to help overcome some terrain challenges to improve the efficiency of transporting products and also reduce the cost.

所以这些地区有不同的需求。

So there are, like, different demands there.

不过我认为在应用这些技术时，会遇到类似的问题和挑战，流程也相似。

But I think when it comes to application of these technologies, there are similar issues and challenge, similar processes.

比如，你需要设计路线。

For example, you need to design the route.

首先需要训练你的车辆和无人机。

You need to to train your vehicles and drones first.

需要准备好一个系统来帮助导航穿越不同地形。

You need a system ready to help, you know, navigate through this different landscape.

所以这里存在一些相似之处

So so there are some similarities here

也是如此。

as well.

相似之处是有，但农村地区确实存在差异，因为那里可能不太注重配送的高速性或时效性，而是更关注如何。

Similarities, but, yeah, a difference there because in the rural areas, it wouldn't necessarily be so much about the high speed aspect of the delivery or the delivery time, but more about the challenges of getting the parcels there in the first place.

顺便说一句，即时配送服务其实已经在进行了。

And the instant delivery is still being done, by the way.

这在中国并不新鲜。

That's not new, here in China.

我刚刚在节目开始前还跟你说过，这周给家里订了两台加湿器。

I ordered I was just telling you before the show.

这是我第一次使用即时配送服务。

I ordered two humidifiers this week for the house, and what I didn't and I I used this for the first time, the instant delivery.

我不会告诉你是哪家公司，但你不用帮我打广告说'对，一小时就能送到'这种话。

I won't tell you which company, but you shouldn't help me out with this saying, oh, yeah.

如果你想要，一小时内就能收到货。

You can get it within an hour if you want to.

我当时都惊呆了。

My mind was blown.

我收到那些加湿器的速度比收到披萨还快。

I got those humidifiers faster than I could get a pizza.

这简直难以置信。

It was unbelievable.

但送货的是真人。

But it was delivered by a human being.

高速特性确实存在，但当我们谈论自动驾驶车辆的应用时，这只会让一切变得更高效、更可行。

The high speed aspect is there, but this is just making things a whole lot more efficient and a whole lot more possible when we're talking about the use of autonomous vehicles.

再简单说说大城市的情况。

Back to the big cities just for a moment.

深圳就是个很好的例子。

Shenzhen Shenzhen is a really good example.

对吧？

Right?

因为这些无人机现在已经投入使用了。

Because these drones are in use now.

是的。

Yes.

我认为很多来中国的外国网红，特别是国际网红，他们专程来深圳体验，比如用无人机送餐、做直播等等。

I think a lot of influencers who come to China, you know, international influencers, they come to Shenzhen specifically to experience, for example, drones delivering their food and doing live streams and live streams and all that.

而且我觉得，比如深圳的一些客户，他们也会用这些无人驾驶车辆递送文件、合同之类的。

And I think, also, for example, some customers in Shenzhen, also, they they deliver documents, contracts, for example, using these driverless vehicles.

还有我记得有位姓黄的客户提到，她的家人朋友也会用无人机运送生鲜农产品。

And they also I think one of the customers called Huang, she also said her family and friends also use drones to send fresh fresh produce

嗯。

Mhmm.

这也非常有趣。

Which is also very interesting.

他们在思考如何网购后让无人机为你送货上门。

They're thinking that how you can purchase something online and then have a drone dropping it off for you.

所以现在深圳不仅用无人机配送包裹或加湿器之类，还能送餐了是吧。

So now in Shenzhen, it's not just about parcel deliveries or packages or humidifiers, for example, but you're talking about food deliveries as well.

这还包括医疗物资的配送。

And that would include also medical supply.

基本上你能想到的合理需求几乎都能满足。

Just basically almost anything you can think of within reason.

是的。

Yeah.

其中一些平台正在大力开发无人机配送服务，有些甚至保证你能在十五分钟内收到包裹或食物。哇。

Some of these platforms, they are, rigorously developing their, like, drone delivering services, and some of them are they are guaranteeing you that you can actually get your parcel or delivery your food within fifteen minutes Wow.

全靠无人机。

To the drones.

有些无人机的最大载重甚至能达到2.5公斤。

And some of them can be you know, the maximum payload can be as big as 2.5 kilograms.

这真是

That is

那能送一大锅火锅了。

That's a big hot pot.

是啊。

Yeah.

有点大。

Kind of big.

对。

Yeah.

配送范围也在三公里以内。

So also within three kilometers of delivery, like, range.

所以当你考虑这些区域时，它们都提供这类服务，甚至比平常更快的服务。

So when you're thinking about this, these kind of areas, they are having these kind of services and even faster services than usual.

还有一点是，这些快递员和站点都是专门为这类服务设置的，当然你需要有那个站点，或者他们有指定的区域供无人机起降。

And one thing is that couriers and these kind of stations, they are set up to for kind of that specific service, and when of course, you need to have that station and or they have the kind of designated area for the drones to land and take off.

这就是配送的运作方式。

That's how the deliveries work.

你不需要打开窗户从无人机那里拿三明治。

You don't open your window and take your sandwich from the drone Yeah.

在外面盘旋着。

Hovering outside.

不过如果未来真是这样的话，我也不会感到惊讶。

It wouldn't surprise me if that's the way it's gonna be in the future though.

说到无人机配送，深圳就是个绝佳范例。

Shenzhen's such a such a great example, when we're talking about drone delivery.

今年前三季度，该市民用无人机产量较2024年增长了近50%，约47%。

In the first three quarters of this year, the city's production of civilian drones grew by, nearly 50%, about 47% compared to 2024.

而且低空物流的商业化进程及配送服务整体都在那里稳步推进。

And also the commercialization of low altitude logistics in general and and delivery services is really, advancing quite steadily there.

这就是大城市范例。

That's the that's the big city example.

不过我们也来看看农村地区的例子。

Let's get some rural examples too though.

是的。

Yes.

例如，在中国东部的浙江省，有个叫枫联村的村庄位于相当偏远的山区。

For example, in Eastern China's Zhejiang Province, for instance, they have villages one of the villages called Fenglian Village is located in a quite mountainous area.

过去，该村约三分之一的人口年龄超过60岁，意味着都是老年人。

And so in the past, for example, the the the village has about one third of the population aged over 60, meaning they are elderly elderly people.

以前村里给这些老人送餐时，只能依靠人力运输。

And in the past, when that village is trying to deliver meals to these elderly population, they had to rely on, you know, human transport.

这就带来了诸多问题。

And that creates problems.

比如在山区间往返非常耗时。

For example, you know, it's quite time consuming to travel among mountains.

有些餐食送到家时已经凉了。

And when some of the meals were delivered to the homes, they were already cold.

嗯。

Mhmm.

现在借助无人机配送服务，当地政府已与一些企业合作开展这项业务。

And now taking advantage of these drone delivery services, you know, the local government actually partnered with some companies to do that.

他们规划了五条路线，连接山区中五个分散的村庄，让这些老年居民能在家中享用热饭热菜。

And they planned five routes connecting five very scattered villages in the mountains so that these elderly residents can enjoy hot meals at their homes.

这就是他们运用这项新技术的一个实例。

That is one example of how they've been using this new technology.

这也让我觉得特别振奋——很多政策规划总会优先考虑这些地区，比如修建桥梁、开辟新路线，或是用无人机服务那些需要长途跋涉才能抵达的山区。

That's also I mean, that's always that kind of inspiring to me that a lot of these policies and plans will always focus on these areas when people, like, build bridges and, like, different routes or using drones to these maybe mountainous areas that you have to travel or, like, drive for hours to get there.

现在村民们能享受到快得多的服务了。

And now you can have so much faster services right now for these villagers.

另一个例子同样发生在浙江。

And another example is in also in Zhejiang.

那个村子叫潘田村。

It's called Pan Tian Village.

它坐落在海拔1000多米的高山上。

It is located over 1,000 meters above sea level.

嗯。

Mhmm.

然后我去搜索了一下

And then I I searched it.

这个村子大约有600多人居住，当地农民生产各种特色农产品，比如番茄和山野菜。

It's it's the village, it's around, like, more than 600 people living in there, and local farmers produce a, variety of specialty agricultural products like tomatoes and, their mountain vegetables.

但由于崎岖的山路，通常需要超过一小时才能通过公路运输这些产品。

But because of the rough mountain roads, it usually takes more than one hour to transport them by road.

然后在2025年，该村与中国邮政合作建立了一个标准化的无人机起降点。

And then in 2025, the village partnered with China Post to establish a standardized drone takeoff and landing point.

就像机场一样。

Like an airport.

差不多吧。

Kinda.

是给无人机用的。

For for the drones.

是的。

Yeah.

然后配备了专业的运维团队和智能调度系统，包装好的蔬菜由无人机自动沿指定航线飞往10公里外的市场，运输速度的提升使得该村的线上订单大幅增加，也可能带动更多资源进入村庄。

And then equipped with professional operations and maintenance team, as well as an intelligence scheduling system, and then drones with packaged vegetables automatically will fly along a designated route to the market 10 kilo 10 kilometers away, and the improved transport speed has led to a significant increase in online orders from the village or maybe get into the village.

是啊。

Yeah.

所以这不仅对订购这些蔬菜的顾客很棒，对农民把蔬菜运到市场也大有裨益。

So not only great for customers who are ordering those vegetables, but great for the farmers to get their vegetables to the market as well.

让过去几乎不可能实现的事情成为可能——虽然这个'过去'可能离现在并不遥远，但至少曾经是有点棘手的。

Just making things possible where it would have been nearly impossible a long time ago, a long long time ago, but maybe more close to now, at least a little bit of a pain.

该省还计划优化低空物流航线布局，并希望扩大无人机在农村地区的应用范围。

The, province also plans to optimize the layout of their low altitude logistics routes, and they want to expand the use of drones in rural areas.

他们希望将无人机用于医疗配送、紧急救援、农产品运输等诸多领域。

They want to do that for things like medical deliveries, emergency rescue, agricultural product transportation, and, the list goes on.

在新疆维吾尔自治区，也有一些农村地区使用自动驾驶车辆的实际案例。

There are some examples too of autonomous vehicles in rural areas in the Xinjiang Uighur Autonomous Region.

没错。

Yeah.

确实如此。

Exactly.

所以这不仅仅是政府与企业合作的问题。

So it's not only about the government partnering with companies to do that.

要知道，一些配送站点的运营商也在积极采用这些新技术。

It's you know, some operators of these delivery stations are also, you know, embracing these new technologies.

比如在新疆的金河县，面积是北京朝阳区的24倍。

For example, in Xinjiang, in a county called Jinhe, is the size 24 times bigger than Beijing's district.

而朝阳区本身已经相当大了。

And Chaoyang District is actually pretty big.

是啊。

Yeah.

确实很大。

It's pretty big.

光是在区内通勤就可能要花上四个小时。

You you you can spend like four hours commuting just within the district.

然而金河县的人口大约只有桃园区的二十四分之一。

And yet the population of that Jinhe County is only about 24 to is about only a fraction of that to Taoyang District.

所以

So

你可以看到在配送方面，这会非常具有挑战性。

you can see that when it comes to deliveries, it can be very challenging.

要知道，有些村庄距离配送点远达60公里。

You know, some villages are as far as 60 kilometers away from their delivery point.

因此成本会非常高，比如对那个配送站运营商来说，要雇人力快递员在这种长途距离上送货。

And so it will be very costly, for example, for that operate for that delivery station operator, you know, to have a human courier guy to deliver parcels in this long distance.

是啊。

Yeah.

我是说，这对配送站来说根本不划算。

I mean, it would be not worth it for the delivery station.

可能对企业来说，他们干脆就不会提供配送服务了。

And probably for the companies, maybe just they wouldn't deliver at all.

是的。

Yes.

对于很多村庄来说，不仅是在新疆，在中国许多非常偏远的山区，你必须自己到指定地点取件。

For a lot of villages, not only in Xinjiang, in a lot of very remote mountainous areas in China, you have to pick it up at certain spot yourself.

不过现在我认为其中一个配送点的老板正在使用无人驾驶车辆来配送包裹。

Well but now I think one of the delivery point, the owner of the delivery point is using driverless vehicles to deliver parcels.

这种车辆每天可以沿途完成八个配送站点，每天能配送超过500个包裹。

And the vehicle can run eight delivery stops along the way every day and can deliver deliver over 500 pack packages every day.

这样村民们就不用跑60公里去取东西了。

So it helps the villagers to not you you know, they don't have to travel 60 kilometers to pick up something.

所以我猜这套系统适用于车辆而不是无人机。

So I guess it would work with the vehicles as opposed to the drones.

无人机会有专门的降落点让人们来取包裹。

Well, the drones would have a landing spot where people would come and pick up their packages.

我想车辆的工作方式应该也差不多。

I guess for the vehicles, it would work the same way.

它们会在指定区域停下，然后人们可以打开取件。

They would stop at designated areas and people would and then open open up.

对。

Yeah.

然后人们就可以过来取他们的包裹。

And then people would come and take their packages there.

是的。

Yeah.

现在中国很多大学校园里也这样，你知道中国的大学校园都很大，学生都住在校园里。

It it also happens in a lot of campuses these days in China that, you know, in China, a lot of universities has a very big campus and students live on those campuses.

所以这些无人驾驶车辆可以停在每栋宿舍楼下，学生们下楼就能取快递。

And so they have these driverless vehicles where they can stop at each dormitory building and, you know, the students come downstairs and pick up their parcels.

嗯。

Mhmm.

从那个较大区域的快递分拣中心出发，无人配送车会把包裹送到每个村庄或区域的指定取件点，可能是配送站，甚至是当地的小商店。

So from the express delivery distribution center in that kind of a maybe bigger area, and then the driverless delivery vehicles send packages to some pickup points in each village or each area or designated area, which could be a kind of a delivery station or even a just small local shop.

是的。

Yeah.

当然。

Sure.

没错。

Right.

然后他们与这些快递公司合作，快递员可以通知居民来取包裹，这让事情变得更容易了。

And then they're partnering with these courier companies, and then the courier can notify residents to come and collect their packages, which is making things easier.

当然，对他们来说提供那种门到门的服务可能相当困难，但我觉得去最近的小店取件对他们来说已经足够方便了。

And, of course, they maybe it's pretty hard for them to provide that kind of door to door service, but I think going to that, nearest, local shop is, convenient enough for them.

超级方便，要知道你之前举的例子是最近的取件点以前在60公里外。

Super convenient compared to, you know, the example you gave was the closest pickup point before was 60 kilometers away.

是啊。

Yeah.

我猜那60公里的路也不是一条直达的路线吧。

And I'm guessing that that 60 kilometer road is not a straight a to b road.

是啊。

Yeah.

可能有很多弯弯绕绕的小路，开车要花更长时间。

Probably, you know, lots of twists and turns and smaller roads that would take a lot longer to drive.

这类系统的优势有很多，但最明显的优势之一应该是速度。

The advantages of this type of system are are many, I suppose, but one of the the most clear advantages would be speed.

那将是一个巨大的好处。

That would be a huge benefit.

嗯。

Mhmm.

是的。

Yes.

特别是在城市地区。

Particularly, I think, in urban areas.

我们已经在深圳和上海的案例中看到，对于许多快递服务来说，在无人机和无人驾驶车辆的帮助下，效率可以大大提高。

We've covered that in, you know, examples in Shenzhen and also in Shanghai that for a lot of these express services, it can be much efficient when it comes to you know, with the help of drones and also driverless vehicles.

可以成为人工配送的一个很好的补充。

It can be a very pretty good supplement to human deliveries.

但在农村地区，我认为同样有道理的是，与其让人每天驾驶卡车行驶数百公里去派送这些包裹，

But when it comes to rural areas, and I think it also makes sense that instead of, you know, having someone working, you know, working you know, driving a trunk for driving a truck, for instance, traveling hundreds of kilometers a day to deliver these packages.

现在可以使用无人驾驶车辆每天多次往返进行配送。

You now can have driverless vehicles travel multiple times a day to make the deliveries.

嗯。

Mhmm.

无人驾驶配送另一个相当显著的好处是它们确实非常节省成本。

And another quite noticeable benefits to these driverless deliveries is actually they're pretty cost saving.

嗯。

Mhmm.

比如在甘肃省嘉峪关的一个配送点，店主说她购置了三辆无人车用于配送，经过计算发现使用这三辆无人车后，在保险、维护和人工方面总共节省了6.5万元。

For instance, in one at one of the delivery point in Jiayuguan in Gansu province, The owner said she bought three driverless vehicles for these deliveries, and she made the math that by using these three driverless vehicles, she actually saved in total 65,000 yuan in, you know, in in fields, in insurance and maintenance, in labor.

所以对她来说使用这种车辆要划算得多。

So it's much cheaper for her to use this vehicle.

嗯，这些车辆也是，我觉得我们还没提到这一点。

Well, these vehicles too, I don't think we mentioned this.

这些配送车辆都是电动车。

These the delivery vehicles are electric vehicles.

对吧？

Correct?

是的。

Yes.

没错。

Yeah.

所以实际上你只需花几块钱的电费就能配送一个包裹，而不需要支付油费，当然还有人工成本。

So therefore, you're not you're spending just a little bit, a few yuan on electricity to deliver a a package as opposed to, money on gas, and then, of course, the labor the labor costs as well.

另外，灵活性也是另一个优势。

Also, flexibility is one another point.

从业者还表示，不像大型卡车可能需要至少数千个包裹才能发车，因为你需要让这一趟行程物有所值。

Practitioners are also saying that unlike large trucks that maybe require you to have a minimum of thousands of packages to set off because you need to make that one trip worthwhile.

是的。

Yep.

对吧？

Right?

而这种无人驾驶车辆只需600或数百个包裹就能启动，每天可以跑三四趟。

And then an on, like, that kind of a driverless vehicle can start with just 600 or hundreds of packages and make three to four runs per day.

相比之下每天只能跑一趟。

As opposed to just one run per day.

嗯。

Mhmm.

是的。

Yeah.

嗯。

Mhmm.

而且不需要司机，不受时间限制，可能永远不会累，不过它们总归需要电力。

And then without the need for a driver, no limited by time and maybe never tired, but they need electricity anyway.

人的精力完全不是问题。

Human energy, not not not a factor.

没错。

Yeah.

因此这些车辆能够精准导航至最偏远的村庄，确保及时送达。

So these vehicles can precisely navigate even the most remote villages and ensuring timely delivery.

或许在夜间道路无人时，它们仍在运送你的包裹，这种灵活性特别适合单次运量不大但需要一天多次配送的情况。

So maybe at night when nobody's on the road, they are still running to deliver your parcels and packages, and that is quite flexible when maybe the the amount is not that big, but, several runs for one one day.

我也认为这将有助于节省其他人力资源，尤其是在乡村地区，取件时间一直是个普遍难题。

I I would imagine as well that it would help save on other human resources, particularly in rural villages where a a common problem might may have been about pickup times.

某种程度上说可能难以预测。

Kind of unpredictable perhaps.

快递员可能得长时间等待以确保包裹送达订购者手中，这样很难制定固定时间表。

Delivery workers maybe would have to wait around for a long period of time to make sure that the package made it to the person who ordered it, and then that would be difficult to make a schedule for that.

不过我觉得招聘员工也会很困难

But it would also be difficult, I would think, to attract employees

是的。

Yeah.

让他们专门负责那条配送路线，或者即使有员工，也要想办法留住他们继续做这份工作

To do that particular delivery route or even if they had the employee to retain that employee to keep that job

长期如此。

over time.

确实如此。

Exactly.

因为很多快递员都是靠接单量，也就是他们配送的订单数量来赚钱的。

Because for a lot of these delivery guys, they rely on, you know, the orders, the amount of orders that they deliver.

一天送的越多，他们赚的钱就越多。

More in a day means more money for them.

没错。

Yeah.

所以如果他们必须干等着就为了送比如几十个包裹，这对他们来说经济上就不划算了。

So if they have to wait around just to deliver, for example, dozens of parcels, it just won't make economic sense, financial sense to them.

因此，在农村地区要留住并雇佣这样的人手帮忙会非常困难。

So it's it will be very difficult to retain and also hire such people to help around in rural areas.

而且，这让我想起青岛的另一个例子，实际上是一个食品供应仓库，他们也使用无人驾驶车辆向学校配送新鲜农产品，因为配送时间必须在晚上11点到凌晨3点之间。

And, also, it reminds me of another example in Qingdao, actually, when a food delivery a food supply warehouse, They also use driverless vehicles to deliver their fresh produce to schools because they use they have to be delivered between 11PM to 3AM.

而且很难找到能上这种夜班的司机

And that'll be very difficult to find these night shift drivers

嗯。

Mhmm.

能够按照非常固定的时间表工作。

That can work, you know, on a very fixed schedule.

这正是无人驾驶车辆能派上大用场的时候。

And this is the time when driverless vehicles can be very helpful.

在那些没人愿意去的地方24小时不间断工作

Twenty four seven in places that nobody wants

是啊。

to Yeah.

它们也能进行配送。

They also to deliver.

它们还不需要休息。

They also don't need breaks.

是的。

Yeah.

没错。

Yeah.

所以这对雇主来说可能是另一个好处。

So that's can be another perk for the high employers.

那这对当地经济和这些农村社区的整体生计会有什么影响呢？

What about the impact on the local economy and the just the livelihood in general of these rural communities?

因为我们看到这里在商品和服务整体获取方面有了很大改善。

Because we're seeing here a great improvement in access to to goods and and services as a whole.

因为大多数解决方案仍然针对的是最后三四公里的特定区域运输问题。

Because most of these solutions still address that kind of last three to four kilometers of transportation to that specific area.

对吧？

Right?

因此在基础设施通常有限的偏远农村地区，这些无人驾驶自动化物流系统为市场和服务提供了关键连接，无人机和自动驾驶车辆能够更快、更具成本效益地运输新鲜农产品、医疗物资和必需品等货物，从偏远地区到城市市场或配送中心，这减少了一些农村社区的孤立性，使他们更容易参与更广泛的经济活动。

So in remote and rural areas where infrastructure is often limited, these driverless automated logistics provide a crucial link to the markets and services, and drones and autonomous vehicles enable faster and more cost effective transportation of goods such as fresh produce, medical supplies, and essential goods from remote areas to urban markets or distribution centers, and this reduces the isolation of some of these rural communities and making it easier for them to participate in the broader economy.

这个观点很好，因为在中国这样幅员辽阔的国家，存在着非常现代化的大都市，但同时仍有大量农村地区，当城市飞速发展时，农村很容易被落下。

Well, that's a great point because this is the danger of of what can happen when you have a country the size of China that has these mega cities that are very, very modern, but yet you still have plenty of rural areas with so much happening in terms of advancements within the cities.

很容易看出农村社区可能会被抛在后面。

It's easy to see how rural communities could be left behind.

因此，有了这种自主配送方式，不仅能在周二下午3点二十分钟内收到一颗生菜很棒，能收到药品也很棒，还能跟上社会其他部分的步伐也很棒。

And therefore, when you have this type of autonomous delivery, it's sure, it's great to get a head of lettuce on a Tuesday afternoon at 3PM in twenty minutes, but it's also great to get medicine delivered, and it's also great to keep up with what the rest of society is doing.

是的。

Yes.

特别是考虑到中国很多农村地区的人口也在老龄化。

Especially if you're considering in a lot of rural areas in China, their population is also aging.

也就是说，这些村庄的居民大多数时候都是老年人。

Meaning, you know, the the the residents in these villages are most of the times elderly people.

因此，我们必须将他们融入我们的社会体系，这至关重要。

And so it will be essential that we incorporate them into our, you know, society.

但具体该如何实施呢？

But how to do that?

你不能简单地强制年轻人留在村里提供这些服务。

You can't just force young people to stay in the village to do these services.

没错。

Yep.

这里必须存在真正的机遇。

You have to be real opportunities here.

我认为这些无人驾驶物流系统也在创造新的就业机会，吸引年轻人回流这些地区。

And I think these, you know, driverless logistics are also creating new jobs to lure young people back into these areas as well.

比如在这个区域就有这类服务。

You know, you have these services, for example, in this area.

这意味着需要有人来维护系统正常运转。

That means you need people to men to make to maintain the system work.

比如，你需要有人来操作车辆、监管这些系统。

You need people, for example, to operate the vehicles, oversee these systems.

所以我认为这是双赢的局面。

So, you know, I think it's a win win situation.

百分之百同意。

100%.

我来自新斯科舍省塔塔马古什镇，一个只有千人的家乡。

I'm from a hometown of a thousand people, Tatamaguche, Nova Scotia.

如果塔塔马古什能拥有与多伦多或温哥华同等的商品和服务资源，这里对年轻人会更具吸引力。

And if Tatamaguche had the same access to goods and services that Toronto did or Vancouver did, for example, it would make Tatamaguche a lot more of an attractive place to be for young people.

你知道，年轻人如果来自小城镇，总会想着'我要离开这里'。

You know, the idea when you're young, if you're from a really small town, oh, I wanna get out of here.

我要去大城市。

I wanna go to the big city.

我要在那里实现人生目标。

I wanna achieve my life goals there.

但如果你能在自己的家乡实现人生目标，或者搬到一个类似的地方，这可能更有利于人们实现个人理想。

But if you can achieve your life goals in the area where you're from or maybe move to an area like that, that might help with people's achieving people's personal goals.

我现在注意到另一个有趣的现象，我们讨论的这些乡村地区，有些在经济上可能并不发达。

One another interesting point that I see right now is that, you know, a lot of these places, and what we're talking about is rural area, and some of these rural areas, maybe economically, they are not that highly developed.

嗯。

Mhmm.

但他们却能在日常生活中应用这些看起来非常先进的高科技。

But they can have these kind of, you know, look so fancy and techy technologies in their livelihood.

这种反差真的非常迷人。

And that is just fascinating, you know, that kind of contrast.

因为我曾因公务去过新疆，参观过当地的农场和农业区。

And as I I I because I had a business trip to Xinjiang and visiting their farms and agriculture areas.

他们使用无人机喷洒农药等各种作业。

They use drones to spray everything, the pesticides and everything.

你能看到那里根本不需要人工，那个偏远地区只有无人机在安静地自主作业。

You can just totally see that basic no no human there, and that rim that is a remote area, and the drone just, you know, fly itself in that area quietly doing their things.

是的。

Yeah.

我只是想说这非常具有技术前瞻性。

I'm just saying that it's just Very tech tech forward.

技术前瞻性在某些地区，实际上在大城市或人口密集区反而看不到这种现象。

Tech forward and some areas, and we can actually, in big cities or in some populated area, you cannot see that.

没错。

Yeah.

或许正是因为这些技术专为人口稀少地区设计的特性。

Maybe because of the nature of it is for that specific, maybe not that populated area.

不过我有个疑问。

I do have a question though.

在这些偏远地区，我不确定无人机是否像四轮自动驾驶车辆那样适用。

In these remote areas, I don't know if this would apply to drones as much as it would apply to autonomous vehicles, four wheel vehicles.

但如果发生事故或车辆故障怎么办？

But what about things like accidents or the vehicle breaking down?

因为在那些偏远地区，还是需要附近有人来解决这个问题。

Because in those remote areas, a nearby human would need to come and solve that problem.

这是个问题吗？还是其实不算问题？

Is that an issue or is it not really an issue?

就像你之前提到的，Yushin，这属于三到四公里范围内的最后一公里配送。

Because as you mentioned before, Yushin, this is kind of last mile delivery within a three four three to four kilometer range.

车辆不太可能会被困在荒郊野外。

It's unlikely that a vehicle is gonna get stranded in the middle of nowhere.

我们讨论过这些无人驾驶汽车能有多先进。

We had the conversation of on how advanced these, like, driverless cars can be.

当然，它们配备了激光雷达扫描仪和各种传感器。

Of course, they are equipped with these LiDAR scanners and sensors, everything.

它们具备避开障碍物的能力。

They will have the ability or capability to avoid the obstacles.

不过...

But still

但人们有能力避开那些

But do people have the ability to avoid those

是的。

Yeah.

自动驾驶车辆。

Autonomous vehicles.

我还在网上看到了一些引发些许争议的视频。

I I also saw some videos online that sparked a bit of controversy.

在许多这样的地方，尤其是乡村地区，人们通常会把玉米等作物摊开在地上晾晒。

In many of these, especially villages area, people usually, spread their crops like corns out on the ground to dry dry them.

但这些无人驾驶车辆无法识别地面上铺开的这层作物。

But these driverless vehicles cannot recognize that kind of layer of crops on the ground.

然后它们就直接碾过去了？

And they drove over them?

它们直接碾了过去，结果导致村民踢打车辆，迫使它们停下来。

They drove over it, and the the and that leads to villagers just to kick the vehicle and and make them stop.

也有人认为村民实际上是在占用公共道路。

Others argue that the villagers are actually occupying public roads.

所以这些问题可能需要等待公司或村庄管理部门来解决，但这是一个人类与机器人逐渐磨合的过程。

So that is some there are some issues that may be wait for the companies to solve or the management of the village to solve, but it is a process that, you know, human and robots are getting along with.

类似这样的小问题其实存在很多潜在隐患。

There are a lot of potential problems in terms of small issues like that.

当然，对于晒玉米的人来说，这问题可一点都不小。

Well, that issue wouldn't be so small to the person who laid the corn out to dry, I'm sure.

是啊。

Yeah.

但希望这些问题能很快得到解决。

But easily solvable, we hope.

而且政府在这方面提供了大量支持。

And there is a lot of government support coming in terms of opportunities.

有个别地区的市政府还出台了促进快递服务的具体措施。

There was one particular region where the municipal government, they put out some measures to promote these express delivery services.

这很有趣。

This is interesting.

对于投资超过100万元人民币（约合14万美元）用于自动驾驶车辆或自动化设备的邮政公司，政府将提供投资额5%的一次性补贴，上限约为20万元人民币（约合2.8万美元）。

For postal companies that invest over a million yuan, that's about a $140,000 in autonomous vehicles or automated equipment, the government will offer a one time subsidy of 5% of the investment amount with a cap of about 200,000 yuan or that's about 28,000 per company, up $28,000.

因此这些地区也有动力参与自动驾驶配送。

So there's incentives for these regions to get involved in autonomous delivery as well.

这是一个非常有趣的发展。

It's a really interesting development.

当然，中国在自动驾驶配送等领域处于世界领先地位，但令人欣慰的是农村地区也没有被落下。

Of course, China, one of the more advanced countries in the world when it comes to things like autonomous delivery, but it's wonderful to see that the rural areas are not being left behind as well.