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让今年成为你仅用Goldfelly就让他们惊艳的一年。
Make this the year you took their breath away only with Goldfelly.
让他们在今年重温蜜月主餐的龙虾卷惊喜。
The year you surprised them with the lobster rolls from their main honeymoon.
让孙辈在今年尝到定义你童年记忆的黑白曲奇。
The year the grandkids tried the black and white cookies that defined your breath in childhood.
让他们在今年熬夜享用你寄来的棉花糖蛋糕。
The year they got to stay up late eating the cotton candy cake you sent.
让他们在今年明白真正的德州烧烤确实更胜一筹。
The year they learned that True Texas barbecue really is that much better.
因为首单享8折优惠，向全国寄送核心记忆从未如此简单。
Because with 20% off your first goldbelly.com order, sending core memories nationwide has never been easier.
使用优惠码gift，让今年成为值得铭记的一年。
Use promo code gift and make this year one to remember.
这算是教育还是儿童托管？
Is it education or is it child warehousing?
答案多半是儿童托管。
The answer is mostly it's child warehousing.
我认为K-12教育体系是否已变得无可救药地腐败？
I think that the k through 12 education system has become is it irredeemably corrupt?
很可能。
Likely.
在一个觉醒主义几乎成为文化霸权的文化环境中，我该如何培养孩子具备强大的批判性思维和道德清晰度。
Do I raise my children with strong critical thinking and moral clarity in the cultural environment where wokeness pretty much became cultural hegemony.
大多数时候，从事教育工作的人根本意识不到。
Most of the time, people who are educating have no idea.
他们根本不明白文学的意义何在。
They have no idea what literature is for.
如果你的知识如此浅薄，你根本无法激励和教导他人。
You're not gonna be able to motivate and teach people if that's how shallow your knowledge is.
作为教师，你经常要做的是设定激励框架并使之戏剧化。
What you're doing as a teacher often is setting the motivational frame and dramatizing.
这让我深受触动。
This grips me.
这很重要。
This is important.
这至关重要。
It's vital.
原因如下。
Here's why.
这就是世界根据你的兴趣所呈现的样子。
That's the world manifesting itself in accordance with your interest.
大家好，我是米凯拉，我又和我爸爸一起参加《接听来电》节目了，我们会现场回答你们的问题。
Hey, it's Mikaela, and I'm back with my dad for Answer the Call where we take live questions from you guys.
主要是由我爸爸来回答，不过我也会时不时插几句。
And dad mainly answers them, but I'll pipe in from time to time.
今天我们要讨论一个对每个人都重要的话题。
Today, we're talking about a topic that should matter to everyone.
我们该如何适应现代教育体系？
How do we navigate the modern education system?
这个话题应该会很有趣。
So this should be spicy.
首先连线的是佛罗里达州的约书亚。
Up first, we have Joshua in Florida.
嗨，约书亚。
Hey, Joshua.
你好。
Hi.
很高兴和你们两位交流。
Good to talk to you guys, both of you.
我们从2020年开始就在家教育大儿子。
We have been homeschooling our older son since 2020.
他现在快10岁了。
He's almost 10 now.
我对结果非常满意，不过可能有些主观，毕竟我身在其中。
I'm super happy with the results, but I'm kind of biased and very close to it.
我在想你们能否客观分析一下送他去传统学校的好处，无论是现在还是将来，这样我能更诚实地进行利弊权衡。
And I was wondering if you could perhaps steel man the case of sending sending him to a traditional style school, maybe now, maybe when he's older, just so I'm can be more honestly doing the cost benefit analysis.
这不是关于我，而是关于他。
It's not about me, it's about him.
其实你已经在某种程度上考虑了他的因素，因为你提到他积极参与并对现状感到满意。
Well, you are already, at least to some degree, considering him in the equation because you said that he's an avid you implied that he was an avid and satisfied participant in what is happening.
这本身就是一定程度的客观证据。
And so, that's a certain amount of objective evidence.
假设还有其他观察者同意这点——比如你妻子。
Let's say assuming that you have other observers who agree and that might be your wife.
我首先想了解的是：他是否有同龄朋友？是否参与了家庭以外的社会活动？
What I would wonder immediately is, does he have peers and friends and is he participating in anything that's part of the broader social contract outside the family?
课外活动方面呢。
The extracurriculars.
嗯，确实，确实如此。
Well, exactly, exactly.
而他进入这个糟糕的学校体系唯一潜在的好处是，他能遇到同龄人，开始与同伴社交，你可以评估他能否在更广阔的社会环境中自处。
And like the only potential benefit to him going into the dismal school system is that he meets people his own age, he starts to socialize with his peers, and you can assess whether he can conduct himself in the broader social world.
作为父母的角色，从一开始就是要帮助孩子，鼓励孩子最大限度地获得社会认可。
Like your role as a parent, right from the beginning is to help your child, encourage your child to become maximally socially desirable.
我指的不是沉迷于受欢迎程度。
And I don't mean obsessed with popularity.
我指的是那种别人会依赖并为之敞开大门的人。
I mean the sort of person that other people rely on and open doors to.
而你的担忧——这是合理的——因为你与情况太接近，你是他的父亲，并且你喜欢你所做的事情（我认为这是件好事），可能会让你在评估他的进步时产生偏见。
And your concern, which is valid is that because you're so close to the situation and you're his father and you enjoy what you're doing, which I think would be a good thing, is that you might be biased in your evaluation of his progress.
要检验这一点，就是看他在更广阔的世界中与同龄人、其他成年人、以及你未参与的社会组织相处得如何。
Well, the way to test that is to see how he does in the broader world with his peers, with other adults, with social organizations that you have no part of.
他可以通过体育运动、俱乐部活动或朋友圈子获得这些。
He could get that with sports, he could get that with clubs, he could get that with a friendship group.
比如有很多非学校的社交组织。
Like there's lots of social organizations that aren't the school.
他可以通过教会获得这些。
He could get that with church.
所以，我首先要问你的问题是，你认为他在社交方面表现如何？
So, the first question I'd have for you is how do you think he's doing socially?
他做得很好，但唯一的问题是这对我来说就像一份全职工作，要确保他能参加合作社、寺庙、国际象棋俱乐部以及夏季的各种营地，不过这没关系。
He's doing well, but the only problem with that is it means that it's like a full time job for me to make sure that he's had access to a co op and to temple and to the chess club and different camps over the summer, but that's fine.
这是我的职责。
It's my job.
我确实想摆脱事事亲力亲为、过度鼓励他的状态，因为他快10岁了。
I do want to get out of the business of being in the middle of setting up everything and encouraging him too much because he's almost 10.
到了某个阶段，他必须学会自己解决问题。
He's at some point, you have to figure it out for yourself.
他有一个没有网络功能的电话号码，是时候把他推出巢穴了，比如告诉他：‘你得自己联系这些孩子。’
He has a phone number without Internet access, and he's got to be pushed out of the nest and like, look, you call these kids.
你去他们家玩吧。
You you go over to their house.
我会告诉你怎么去那里的。
I'll show you how to get there.
就是这类事情。
That sort of thing.
嘿，我对此没什么可说的，除了支持你这么做。
Hey, I've got nothing to say about that except yeah, do that.
不过，你知道的，你做得很好。
But, you know, you're you're okay.
所以基本上，你反馈的是他似乎对这些其他社交群体感兴趣并且原则上在这些环境中发展得很好，但这额外占用了你的时间，需要组织安排，而你希望在未来几年内把这些责任转移给他。
So, basically, what you're reporting is that he seems to be interested in and in principle thriving in these other social communities, but that that's an additional demand on your time, an organizational demand, and you'd like to turn that over to him over the next few years.
嗯，这正是你应该做的。
Well, that is what you should do.
所以在我看来这似乎完全没问题。
So that seems just fine to me.
嗯，到目前为止你所说的内容在我看来都没有什么值得警惕的，明白吗？
Well, there isn't anything about what you've said so far that raises red flags for me, you know?
我也不认为我们是会站在对立面争论的人。
I don't think we're the people to argue on the other side of things either.
这听起来比公立学校的主意要好得多。
That sounds like a way better idea than public school.
是啊。
Yeah.
我想最后要问的是，是什么让你认为他至少在学业上以普通学校的速度进步——说真的，这个标准已经相当低了。
I guess the last thing I would ask you is what makes you think that he is progressing educationally at least the rate he would in an ordinary school, which is a pretty damn low bar, let's say.
但你知道，你是如何了解他的学业进展的？
But, you know, how how are you informing yourself with regards to his academic progress?
因为我非常清楚在我有时间辅导他的科目上，他能达到什么水平。
Because I know exactly what he's able to do with the subjects that I do have time to spend with him.
而且我看到他业余时间喜欢做很多事情，比如看YouTube上的科学视频、读生物学书籍之类的。
And I see what a lot of things he likes to do with his own time, which is watch a YouTube science videos and read biology books and that sort of thing.
对。
Right.
而且
And
这完全是他自发的行为。
that's about being prompted at all.
当然，他没有网络访问权限。
Of course, he doesn't have internet access.
所以他会问我，我能看这个视频吗？
So he's asking me to, can I see this video?
我能看那个视频吗？
Can I see that video?
是的。
Yeah.
你说到点子上了。
You're you you hit the nail on the head.
这真的只是社交层面的问题。
It really is just the social aspect to it.
他这类孩子可能需要大量与其他孩子相处的时间，才能学会如何与不同的人打交道。
He's the type of kid who probably needs a lot of time with kids to figure out how to deal with other people who are different.
是的。
Yep.
没错。
Yep.
嗯，听起来你关注的点很恰当，你也很开心，你儿子也开心，你想把更多责任转交给他。
Well, that's so look, it sounds to me like you're focusing on the appropriate concerns and that you're happy, your son is happy, you want to turn more responsibility over to him.
很好。
Great.
你想转交给孩子的责任量，应该是他们能承受的，但不要超过这个限度。
The amount of responsibility you wanna turn over to your kids is all that they can handle, but no more than that.
这是你能给他们的最好赞美，因为本质上你是在说：孩子，你能做到。
And that's the best compliment you can give them because basically what you're saying is, look kid, you can do this.
既然你能做到，就应该去做，我不会剥夺这个机会。
And because you can, you should, I'm not going to take it from you.
这样你也能腾出时间去做那些只有你能陪伴他完成的事。
And that'll also free you up to do the things with him that only you can do.
你看，显然未来五年你没必要继续担任他的日程规划师，毕竟你的时间用在其他方面对他而言可能更有效率。
You know, again, it isn't obvious that you should be serving as his scheduling guide for the next five years when it appears that you have better things to do with your time that would be more efficient for him too.
总之，你所说的内容中没有任何让我觉得需要警惕的地方。
Anyways, there wasn't anything in what you said that raises any red flags for me.
关键在于，他能否完成从家庭教育环境到更广阔世界的过渡？
The issue is, can he make the transition from the homeschooled environment to the broader world?
而你似乎正在促成这种过渡，这正是接下来需要关注的重点——你们还有多年时间慢慢来，他才10岁。
And you seem to be facilitating that and that's the issue to concentrate on over the next You have years to do it, he's only 10.
况且学校也不一定能帮你更好地适应现实世界。
Also school doesn't necessarily help you transition to the real world either.
不，甚至可能会让适应过程变得更困难。
No, It might make it a lot harder.
嗯，没错。
Well, right.
对。
Right.
确实。
Definitely.
是的。
Yeah.
确实。
Definitely.
我本可以接受家庭教育的。
Would have killed for homeschooling.
我记得四年级时因为在课桌上看书而惹上麻烦，因为那位老师的朗读质量太差，我只好在课桌下看书，或者数天花板上的点来打发时间。
I can remember in grade four getting in trouble for reading at my desk because the quality of reading from that teacher was so poor that I was reading at my desk or counting the dots in the ceiling tiles to figure out how many dots there were on the ceiling.
是的，我的天哪。
Yes, I'm Oh my fully gosh.
我完全没事。
I'm fully Okay.
那一刻。
That minute.
对那种程度的惊人无聊深有体会。
Conversant with with that degree of staggering boredom.
你有没有试过把橡皮屑堆成一堆，看能堆多高？
Did you ever make a pile of eraser shavings just to see how high the pile could go?
没有。
No.
反正也不是。
It wasn't anyway.
没有。
No.
但我经常因为躲在后面看书惹上麻烦。
But I got in trouble a lot for reading behind I that just used You get
因为看书惹上麻烦。
in trouble for reading.
是啊。
Yeah.
没错。
Yeah.
我知道。
I know.
就像是
It's like
就像我读得比你快。
It's like I'm reading faster than you.
嗯。
Mhmm.
对。
Yeah.
再读一遍。
Any Read it again.
天啊。
Oh my gosh.
是啊。
Yeah.
我知道。
I know.
这就是一个讨厌孩子和学习的老师的声音。
There's the voice of a teacher who hates children and learning.
那本需要做练习的拼写书呢？
What about the spelling books where you have to do the exercises?
我们有拼写课，但必须完成练习。
We had the spelling, but you had to do the exercises.
所以大概有15页的练习，这对已经会阅读的人来说很残酷，但我做得很快，因为必须完成。
So they're like 15 pages of exercises, which were brutal for somebody who already knew how to read, but I got really fast at it because you had to do it.
是啊。
Yeah.
是啊。
Yeah.
谢天谢地，那只是你小时候以为的生活。
Thank goodness that's only You think that's life when you're little.
那是一段很长的时间。
It's a long time.
那是一段很长的时间。
It's a long time.
理论上每天要花两小时——我怀疑在家教育孩子甚至都用不了两小时。
And it takes, what, two hours a day to in theory, I doubt it even takes two hours to homeschool kids to teach them.
如果你把学校当作托儿所来看，就更容易理解了，它只是披着教育外衣的托儿所。
It's mostly if you think about school as childcare, then you can wrap your head around it more, that it's childcare set up under an education facade.
嗯。
Mhmm.
然后你就会想，哦，好吧。
Then you're like, oh, okay.
这样就说得通了。
That makes sense.
但如果你认为不，这是教育，那就真的说不通了。
But if you're like, no, this is education, then it doesn't really make sense.
嗯。
Mhmm.
是的。
Yep.
是的。
Yep.
确实如此。
Definitely.
Facebook、谷歌和其他所谓免费服务的问题在于，它们实际上根本不是免费的。
The problem with Facebook, Google, and other so called free services is that they aren't really free at all.
你通过允许大型科技公司记录你的活动并将其出售给广告商来为它们付费。
You pay for them by letting huge tech companies record your activity and sell it to advertisers.
俗话说得好，如果产品是免费的，那么你不是客户，你才是产品。
As the saying goes, if the product is free, you're not the customer, you are the product.
你的数字版本正被Facebook的真正客户买卖。
The digital version of you is being bought and sold by Facebook's real customers.
他们是谁呢？
And who are they?
你永远无从知晓。
You never know.
他们可能是想向你推销产品的营销人员，想改变你对枪支管制看法的游说者，甚至是想要影响你投票的外国政府。
They could be marketers who want to sell you something, lobbyists who want to change your mind about gun control, or even foreign governments who want to influence how you vote.
如果你不想成为被买卖的产品，就需要开始保护你在网络上的隐私。
If you don't want to be a product that's bought and sold, you need to start protecting your privacy online.
而我实现这一点的方式就是使用ExpressVPN。
And the way that I do that is with ExpressVPN.
如果你不保护自己的网络隐私，你的互联网服务提供商就能看到你访问的每一个网站。
If you don't protect your online privacy, your internet service provider can see every website you visit.
第三方数据经纪商可以通过你的IP地址收集应用程序和网站的活动日志，追踪你的行为，从而构建一份极其详细的个人档案。
Third party data brokers can collect logs from apps and websites tracking your activity through your IP address to build an incredibly detailed profile of you.
但当我们的主持人和制作团队使用ExpressVPN时，他们100%的在线活动都会通过安全加密服务器进行路由。
But when our hosts and production teams use ExpressVPN, a 100% of their online activity is rerouted through secure encrypted servers.
这意味着他们的互联网服务提供商没有活动记录可售。
That means their ISP has no record of activity and nothing to sell.
ExpressVPN还会隐藏他们的IP地址，使数据经纪商无法追踪或建立他们的个人档案。
ExpressVPN also hides their IP addresses so data brokers can't track them or assemble any profiles about them.
就这样，你不再是被出售的商品。
Just like that, you're no longer a product to be sold.
只需点击一下，你就能连接上。
Just one click and you're connected.
CNET和The Verge的技术专家一致认为ExpressVPN是排名第一的VPN。
And tech experts at CNET and The Verge agree that Express VPN is the number one VPN.
我们选择与ExpressVPN合作，是希望所有观众都能获得这项重要的隐私保护服务。现在访问expressvpn.com/jordan，您可额外免费获得四个月免费使用期。
We partnered with Express VPN because we want all our viewers to have access to this important privacy protection, which is why right now you can get an extra four months free when you go to expressvpn.com/jordan.
请访问expressvpn.com/j/jordan， 您将额外获得四个月完全免费的服务。
That's expressvpn.com/jordan to get an extra four months totally free.
下一位来电者，我们有威斯康星州的Jake。
Next caller, we have Jake in
威斯康星州。
Wisconsin.
你好，Jake。
Hey, Jake.
您好，Peterson博士。
Hello, doctor Peterson.
我想请教关于家庭教育运动的问题。您曾提到现行教育体系并不最适合儿童，但同时又主张不应完全抛弃教育机构。这让我感到困惑，不知该如何权衡。
I was wondering between the homeschooling movement, speaking to the system of schooling not really being the best for children, And I don't know what to do in compared to a previous statement that you've made that the institute should not be abandoned.
这就是保守派面临的难题——我们既不能全盘否定中间机构，又需要改革不合理的现状。
So that's the conservative conundrum, I suppose, is that it's a mistake to destroy all intermediary institutions.
对吧？
Right?
这通常是激进派的观点。
That's generally the radical stream.
话虽如此，你仍面临一个问题：当机构已经腐败时该怎么办。
Having said that, you're left with the issue of what you do when institutions have become corrupt.
我认为K-12教育体系是否已经腐败到无可救药的地步了？
And I think that the education system, the K through 12 education system has become is it irredeemably corrupt?
很可能。
Likely.
也许阿克顿学校除外。
Maybe not Acton.
对。
Right.
没错。
Right.
提到了马特·布德罗。
Talked about Matt Boudreaux.
是啊。
Yeah.
我其实和马特·布德罗一起做过TED演讲，挺有意思的。
I did my TED Talk actually with Matt Boudreaux, which is funny.
但阿克顿可能是个选择。
But Acton might be an option.
嗯。
Yeah.
确实，正在发展的机构正在建立看起来是智能变体的教育体系。
Well, are developing institutions that are producing education systems that seem to be intelligent variants.
对吧？
Right?
所以我想你希望的是...而美国在这方面特别擅长。
So, I guess what you hope is that And this is something The United States is particularly good at.
美国在通过相对激进的概念和创业转型来重振机构的能力方面表现卓越。
America is remarkable in its ability to revitalize its institutions through relatively radical conceptual and entrepreneurial transformation.
我认为这正在教育领域发生。
And I think that is happening on the educational landscape.
我的意思是，我们显然正试图在高等教育体系的顶端通过彼得森学院实现这一目标。
I mean, we're obviously trying to do that with Petersen Academy at the higher end of the education system.
我认为有些机构，比如阿克顿学院就是一个很好的例子，它们为教育的发展提供了典范。
I think there are institutions, Acton Academy is a good example, that are models for how education could proceed.
我观察过英国的凯瑟琳·贝尔贝尔辛，她的学校与阿克顿学校截然不同，却创造了一个惊人的奇迹。
I've watched Catherine Berbelsing in The UK, her school, which is very different from the Acton schools, is an absolute bloody miracle.
那里的孩子们正在茁壮成长。
The children there are thriving.
这是一个非常注重权威、结构化的学习环境，对孩子们提出了极高的挑战性要求。
It's a very authority based, structured learning environment that makes tremendous challenging demands on the kids.
他们的学习速度之快，是我在任何地方都未曾见过的，包括高级研究生研讨会。
And they're learning at a rate that I've just never seen anywhere, including high level graduate seminars.
因此，我认为对待这些机构的态度应该是：随着它们变得腐败，我们需要不断提高辨别力。
So, I guess my attitude towards the institutions is that as they become corrupt, increasing discernment is necessary.
要知道，我上学时虽然不能说对K-12阶段的教育过程特别满意，但至少可以说我的老师们并没有刻意要让我变愚蠢。
You know, when I went to school, I can't say that I was particularly thrilled with the course of my education, K through 12, but I could at least say of my teachers that they weren't actively trying to dement me.
而现在我们面临的情况是，过去三十年来教育环境中急剧增长的无能，被这种真正病态的意识形态腐败放大了。
And now we're in a situation where the incompetence, which has risen substantially over the last thirty years in the education environment, is magnified by this insane ideological corruption that's truly pathological.
那么我们需要什么？
So what do we need?
我们总不能把孩子和洗澡水一起倒掉，对吧？
Well, we don't wanna throw the baby out with the bathwater, do we?
我们需要在对制度结构的分析中保持明辨，并更加努力地区分良莠。
We wanna be discerning in our analysis of institutional structure and do ever more to separate the wheat from the chaff.
这对父母来说要求很高，因为评估整个教育体系的质量是非常困难的事。
That's a lot to ask of parents because it's very difficult to do something like assess the quality of an entire education system.
但当制度信任被破坏时，除了自己承担责任、更加敏锐地评估子女的教育机会外，别无选择。
But when institutional trust has been damaged, there's no other alternative but to take the responsibility on for yourself and be more perspicacious in your assessment of your children's educational opportunities.
这也让事情变得更复杂了，不是吗？因为我们面对这些新技术，完全不知道该如何处理。
It's also complicated, isn't it, by the fact that there are all these new technologies that we just don't know what to do with.
我一直在使用大型语言模型作为研究工具，大概从它们问世就开始用了，我经常使用它们，它们提供的信息量惊人。
I I've been using the large language models as research tools for about, well, since they came out and I use them a lot and they're insanely informative.
举个例子，你可以让像ChatGPT这样的大型语言模型为你制定外语学习计划，它会根据你的水平与你交流。
And it's the case, for example, that you can ask an LLM like ChatGPT to set you up with a training program for a foreign language and it will communicate with you at your level.
我们根本想象不到那里蕴藏着怎样的可能性。
Well, we have no idea what the possibilities there are.
我猜想很快就会出现专门为儿童定制的私人教育导师——一个能精准掌握他们知识水平，并在其最近发展区进行教学的AI。
I suspect it's not going to be long before children have a educational tutor that's privatized, that's an AI that knows exactly what they know and then teaches them at the edge of their zone of It proximal
存在。
exists.
是的。
Yeah.
德克萨斯州这边正在开办一些新学校。
There's schools opening up in Texas, here.
我不知道，这些就是我现在关注的地方。
I don't know, those are the places I'm paying attention Yeah.
它们某种程度上是基于埃隆·马斯克对儿童教育的设想。
They're kind of based on what Elon Musk was suggesting for children.
对。
Yeah.
但不是由埃隆·马斯克运营的。
But it's not run by Elon Musk.
记不清学校名字了，但这里刚开了一所。
Can't remember the name of the school, but one just opened here.
每天有两小时AI学习课程，由AI老师根据孩子技能水平授课。
And it's two hours of AI learning, and it's an AI teacher that teaches kids at their skill level.
没错。
Yeah.
剩下的时间则安排更多创业实践、公开演讲等内容，这些可能正是人们真正需要的
And then the rest of the day is more entrepreneurial and ventures and then public speaking and things, which is exactly what people should probably
是啊，还有娱乐活动。
be Yeah, that and some play.
比约恩·隆伯格指出，引入相对低成本的计算机设备，比如iPad，据他的分析在第三世界国家每天使用一小时，成本非常非常低，就能在一年内实现相当于三年的学习进步。
Bjorn Lomberg has pointed out that the introduction of relatively low cost computational devices, iPads, let's say, are I believe his analysis was in third world countries, an hour a day, very, very inexpensive, produces a three year improvement in learning over the course of one year.
所以我们完全无法想象，通过专门针对他们技能水平优化的教学系统，学习能力受限的孩子们将能取得怎样的进步。
So we have no idea how challenged children are going to be to learn by teaching systems that will be optimized at their level of skill.
从实际角度考虑，如果你在寻找学校——可能因为没时间或不愿意在家教育——你可以参观这些学校，很容易就能判断出它们是否已经被意识形态化的教师完全主导。
I think practically too, if you're looking for a school because you, I don't know, don't have time to homeschool or don't want to homeschool, you can take tours of these schools and you can pick up pretty easily if they're completely overrun with ideological teachers.
因为你参观时会看到那些海报，看到孩子们创作的艺术作品。
Because you take a tour and you look at the posters, look at the art the kids are doing.
如果存在任何地方有权益，今天怎么样？
If there's equity anywhere, then you know that the school's a problem.
你可以去他们的网站看看。
You can go to their website.
你可以查查他们的政策，比如关于公平之类的事情。
You can look up, like, what are their policies on equity and things.
如果真有这种情况，它会随处可见，因为他们不会隐瞒，反而以此为荣。
If it's it'll be plastered everywhere because they don't keep it a secret because they're proud of it.
所以如果你发现一所学校，在任何地方都看不到这些内容，那很可能是一所更保守或意识形态色彩不那么浓厚的学校。
So if you find a school and you don't see it anywhere, chances are that's a more conservative school or just not as ideological school.
因此你可以实地参观，这些特征会非常明显。
So you can go and tour places and it pops out really.
但我认为每个人都将通过人工智能来学习。
But I think everyone's going be learning by AI.
是的。
Yeah.
我们来谈谈人寿保险。
Let's talk life insurance.
你可能已经买了一些保险，但你知道自己实际支付了多少保费以及保障范围吗？
You probably have some but do you know what you're actually paying and what you're covered for?
大多数人支付的保费过高，获得的保障却太少。
Most people pay too much for too little.
此外，如果你通过工作获得保险却失业了，可能会突然失去所有保障。
Plus, if you get coverage through work and lose your job, you could suddenly have zero protection.
这正是SelectQuote的用武之地。
That's where SelectQuote comes in.
他们让你轻松以合适的价格获得合适的保障。
They make it simple for you to get the right coverage at the right price.
四十余年来，SelectQuote通过其最擅长的比价服务，已帮助200多万美国民众获得了超过7000亿美元的人寿保险保障，让你省钱又省心。
For over four decades, SelectQuote has helped more than 2,000,000 Americans secure over 700,000,000,000 in life insurance coverage by doing what they do best, shopping for you so you save.
他们的持牌经纪人完全为你服务，只需15分钟就能比较顶级保险公司的保单，根据你的健康状况和预算找到完美匹配，全程免费。
Their licensed agents work entirely for you comparing policies from top rated carriers in just fifteen minutes to find the perfect fit for your health and budget completely free of charge.
无论你需要无需体检即可获得的200万美元当日保障，还是患有高血压、糖尿病或心脏病等既往症，SelectQuote都能与提供专项保单的合作伙伴一起，为你的特殊情况量身定制方案。
Whether you need same day coverage of up to $2,000,000 without a medical exam or you have pre existing conditions like high blood pressure, diabetes or heart disease, SelectQuote partners with providers who offer specialized policies designed for your unique situation.
趁着当前人寿保险费率处于历史低位，请访问selectquote.com，让他们的持牌经纪人帮你找到最适合生活和预算的保单。
With life insurance rates at today's historic lows, visit selectquote.com and let their licensed agents help you find the right policy for your life and budget.
他们比价，你省钱。
They shop, you save.
在selectquote.com/peterson为您找到合适的人寿保险，节省超过50%的费用。
Get the right life insurance for you for less and save more than 50% at selectquote.com/peterson.
立即访问selectquote.com/peterson，享受定期人寿保险超过50%的优惠。
Save more than 50% on term life insurance at selectquote.com/peterson today to get started.
网址是selectquote.com/peterson。
That's selectquote.com/peterson.
好的。
Okay.
现在连线的是加利福尼亚州的奥克萨娜。
On the line now is Oaxana in California.
你好。
Hi.
非常感谢邀请我。
Thank you so much for having me.
我十二年前移民到湾区，有两个儿子，分别是10岁和12岁。
I immigrated to the Bay Area twelve years ago and I have two sons, they are 10 and 12.
我在家教育他们。
I homeschool them.
我的问题是：在湾区这样的文化环境中，觉醒主义已成为文化霸权，我该如何培养孩子具备强大的批判性思维和清晰的道德观？
My question is: how do I raise my children with strong critical thinking and moral clarity in a cultural environment like the Bay Area, where wokeness became cultural hegemony?
因为我担心他们在青少年时期最终会反抗我们的家庭信仰。
Because I'm worried that they will rebel against our family beliefs eventually during teenage years.
当然，我非常不希望他们那样做。
And I really don't want them to do that, of course.
我希望他们成年后既能保持思想开放，又有坚实的道德根基。
And I want them to become intellectually open and morally grounded as adults.
他们多大了？
How old are they?
10岁和12岁。
10 and 12.
你们在餐桌上通常进行什么样的对话？
What sort of conversations do you have around the dinner table?
首先，我们总是会回顾一天的生活，谈论很多发生在自己身上的积极事情。
Well, first of all, we always reflect back on the day and we talk a lot about the positive things that happened to us.
这是我们的传统。
That's our tradition.
我们也会讨论当天的不如意之处，我基本上采用苏格拉底式的提问法，多问他们问题，倾听他们如何边想边说出来。
We do go into downs of the day and I pretty much do Socratic method of asking them more questions and hearing how they think out loud.
我们做的事情之一就是通过提问来进行对话。
That's one of the things we do is conversations with questions.
你会引入——我是说，既然你已经建立了这种结构，你会引入对时事的分析或讨论吗？
Do you introduce I mean, I could imagine since you've already set up that structure, do you introduce an analysis or discussion of current affairs?
比如你让他们找些看起来热门的话题——我不清楚他们有多少上网或看报纸的机会。
Like if you ask them, find something that appears to be a hot Like I don't know how much internet access they have or access to newspapers.
选一个看起来相关的话题，告诉我你的想法，我们来讨论一下。
Pick an issue that appears relevant and tell me what you think about it, let's discuss it.
我的意思是，你担心觉醒意识形态的影响，这完全可以理解。
I mean, you're concerned about the woke ideology and fair enough.
那么你可以想象，你需要做的是让他们理解觉醒意识形态，也许可以列出30个要点。
So then you could imagine that what you need to do is to provide them with an understanding of the woke ideology, and so maybe that would be like 30 points.
显然，像Grok这样的系统可以帮助进行初步分析。
Obviously, a system like Grok could help with that initial analysis.
然后你可以把这些作为对话的对比话题。
And then you could use those as topics of conversation contrast points.
实际上你是在试图教授他们政治思想的公理，并培养他们的批判性评估能力。
And really what you're trying to do is to teach them the axioms of political thought and to assess them critically.
我认为最好的方法是向他们介绍从自由意志主义到马克思主义的整个政治思想光谱。
And I think your best bet with that would be to introduce them to the entire range of political thought from, you know, libertarian to Marxist.
这样他们就能了解整个格局。
And then they like, then they know the whole landscape.
他们就不会遇到任何令人震惊的新事物。
They're not going to run across anything that comes as a shock.
你知道，在我13岁相对年轻的时候，我家乡有个图书管理员，她是当地一位立法委员的妻子，而那位委员恰好是社会主义者。
You know, when I was relatively young, 13, I had a librarian in my hometown who was the wife of the local member of the legislature who happened to be a socialist.
他是阿尔伯塔省200人中唯一的社会主义者，人们投票给他是因为他确实是个好人。
He was the only one in Alberta out of like 200, and people voted for him because he was actually a good man.
这位名叫桑迪·诺特利的女士，她向我介绍了许多经典文学作品，如奥威尔、赫胥黎，还有索尔仁尼琴，她真正带我走进了文学世界。
And this woman, Sandy Nortley was her name, she introduced me to a lot of classic literature, Orwell, Huxley, she really Solskhenitsyn, she really showed me the literary world.
但她还让我读了安·兰德的《阿特拉斯耸耸肩》，这本书显然更偏向保守主义和自由主义。
But she also had me read Anne Rand and Atlas shrugged and which is much obviously much more conservative and libertarian.
当我问她为什么这样做时，她说她认为我足够聪明能看透其中的观点。
And when I asked her why she did that, she said she thought I would be intelligent enough to see through it.
但关键在于，尽管她信奉的是当时更偏向工人阶级的社会主义，而非进步社会主义，
And but but the point was she despite her commitment to what was really a working class socialism at the time rather than a progressive socialism, let's say.
她仍希望让我接触到全方位的政治思想。
She wanted to expose me to the whole range of political thought.
这就是一种思想免疫。
Well, that's an inoculation.
嗯，你看起来是个见多识广的人。
Well, you seem like a sophisticated person.
你来自哪里？
Where are you from?
我原本来自俄罗斯。
I'm from Russia originally.
我1987年出生于苏联，所以其实没怎么经历过苏联时代。
I was born in Soviet Union 1987, so I didn't really catch much of the Soviet times.
对。
Right.
总的来说，我与东欧人打交道的经验是，他们或他们的家庭深受社会主义世界观的影响，对此抱有相当程度的怀疑，这是有充分理由的。
Well, my experience with with Eastern Europeans, broadly speaking, is that they've been they or their families were bit pretty hard by the socialist worldview and have a certain amount of skepticism about it that's well warranted.
你现在处于教育儿子的有利位置，直接开始行动就好。
You're in a good position to educate your sons, you just start doing that.
在政治上教育他们，培养他们成为思想成熟的人，这样当肤浅的'觉醒'废话来袭时，他们就能应对自如。
Educate them politically, make them sophisticated thinkers, and then they'll be ready when the shallow woke nonsense comes their way.
我看不出你有什么别的办法，除了提前做好准备——他们年龄已经足够，你的家庭也显得足够开明，完全能出色地完成这个任务。
I don't see that you There's no way of dealing with that except to prepare them and they're old enough and your family seems sophisticated enough so you could do an excellent job of that.
这样他们就准备好了，明白吗？
Then they're ready, you know?
而且他们也能识别出来。
And they can recognize it too.
那么，米克？
So, Mick?
嗯。
Yeah.
我开始了，不过我的孩子还小一些。
What I started so my kids are a bit younger.
我有一个七岁的孩子，还有两个小不点。
I have a seven year old and then two tiny beings.
我刚买了——不知道你听说过《塔特尔双胞胎》没有。
I just bought I don't know if you've heard of the Tuttle Twins.
《塔特尔双胞胎》真的很棒。
The Tuttle Twins are so good.
我真的很喜欢他们的书。
I I love their books.
他们有漫画小说，还有一些更短的书，我觉得漫画小说大概六岁左右就可以开始看，但他们还有针对孩子的教育内容。
They have graphic novels, and then they have some shorter books for I feel like graphic novels, could start around like six or something, but then they have education for kids.
基本上算是自由主义教育。
And it's pretty much libertarian education.
我觉得这很有趣。
I think it's hilarious.
我认为这是一种非常简单有趣的方式，可以教孩子们理解政治观点。
I think it's a really easy, fun way to teach kids about political perspective.
不过它有点偏向性，就像我本身也有偏向性一样。
Now, it's kind of biased in the way that I'm already biased.
嗯。
Mhmm.
所以我完全放心把这些书给我的孩子看，因为我认为内容是正确的。
So I'm totally fine with giving it to my kid because I think it's true.
但作为一个实用工具来说，Tuttle Twins系列非常棒。
But just as a practical tool to use, Tuttle Twins is great.
你觉得它们最适合哪个年龄段的孩子？
And what age do you think they're optimized for?
嗯，斯嘉丽现在七岁，她在读图画小说，但我觉得大一点的孩子也能读。
Well, Scarlet, she's seven, so she's reading the graphic novels, but I think you could read them older too.
他们还有真正的历史书之类的，适合10到12岁的孩子。
And then they have actual history books and things, and so that could be 10 and 12.
我本来会很喜欢这些书的，它们教了很多东西。
I would've loved those, and they teach a lot.
它们教授美国历史人物、历史事件、政治意识形态，
They teach about American historical figures, history, political ideologies,
经济。
economy.
对。
Right.
嗯，这也触及到了更广泛的问题。
Well, that touches on the broader issue too.
政治教育是一种文化教育，也是一种历史教育。
A political education is a cultural education and that's a historical education.
所以，真正让孩子抵御意识形态的方法就是教育他们。
And so, to really The way you fortify your children against ideology is to educate them.
对。
Yeah.
而教育他们的方式就是传承传统并教会他们批判性思考。
And you educate them by providing them with the tradition and by teaching them to think critically.
你完全有理由严格要求，把他们培养成坚强的战士，明白吗？
And there's absolutely no reason for you not to push that hard and make them ready fighters, you know?
甚至要主动掌握那些你担忧的论点。
And to do that even wanna steal man the arguments that you're concerned about too.
我的意思是，进步主义理念但凡有可取之处，它确实基于同情心，理论上也关注社会经济分配底层的人群。
I mean, to the degree that the progressive ethos has anything to say, it does have a grounding in compassion and hypothetically a concern for those that occupy the lower strata of the socioeconomic distribution.
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可以说，确实存在为真正受压迫和边缘化群体发声的理由。
And there are things to be said in favor of the truly oppressed and marginalized, so to speak.
因此，这值得深入探讨，因为你的孩子也需要理解这些论点为何被提出，以及同情心如何被武器化、被腐蚀，同时伪装成美德。
So, that's worth walking through because your kids also have to understand why those arguments are put forward and how compassion can be weaponized and corrupted while masquerading as virtue.
这些都是很难妥善处理的事情，但没有理由认为他们做不到。
These are very hard things to manage properly, but there's no reason to assume they can't do it.
你做得很好的一点是，因为我上过一所另类中学、一所公立艺术高中，然后是一所艺术大学，在进步主义还未盛行的年代，那里就已经非常进步了。
One of the things you did well, because I went to an alternative middle school, an art, public art high school, and then an art university, and it was super progressive before progressivism was everywhere.
当我上大学时，我想由于我的成长经历，因为你没有强行灌输观念，我对所有持怀疑态度的事物都进行了阅读。
And when I went to university, I think because of how I grew up, because you didn't really push things on us, I read everything that I was skeptical about.
比如我会想，好吧，女权主义。
So I was like, okay, feminism.
女权主义究竟是什么？
What exactly is feminism?
我读了一大堆支持女权主义的书和反对女权主义的书，然后自己判断哪种观点感觉更真实。
And I read a whole bunch of pro feminist books and a whole bunch of anti feminist books, and then I just decided what felt more true.
所以我认为，只要你的孩子能够批判性思考，审视所有信息并辨别真相，他们就能为听到部分内容做好准备
So I think as long as your kids can, well, critically think, look at all the information and then figure out what's true, they'll be prepared for hearing part
培养批判性思维的方法之一，是让人们从正反两方面去论证一个立场
of the way that you teach people to think critically is to have them argue both sides of a position.
还要留意他们交的朋友
Monitor who their friends are too.
这大概就是
That's like probably.
有个奇怪的家庭在插手干预
You got this weird family that's interceding.
你不觉得吗？
Don't you think?
也许你的孩子就不该和那家的孩子成为最好的朋友
Maybe then your kid shouldn't be best friends with that family's kid.
嗯，你得关注孩子的交友情况，但我认为最好的方法是增强他们的判断力，因为你不可能时刻盯着孩子的一举一动，尤其是当他们进入青春期后
Well, you have to keep an eye on your kid's friends, but I think the best thing to do is to fortify them, you know, because you can't be watching what your kids are doing all the time, especially as they become older teenagers.
你必须让他们准备好应对这个世界。
You have to prepare them to contend with the world.
如果他们能够思考并具备批判性思维，就能保护自己。
And if they're able to think and to think critically, then they can defend themselves.
这样你就不用太担心他们会误入什么险境。
And then you don't have to worry too much about what snake pits they wander into.
我有
I have
一些相当愚蠢的朋友。
some pretty stupid friends.
我曾在很长一段时间里陷入各种险境
I wandered into a bunch of snake pits for a long
嗯，我认为这是每个人青少年时期都会有的普遍经历。
Well, I think that's a universal human experience when you're a teenager.
就像是，哇哦。
It's like, woah.
那时候发生了什么？
What was happening back then?
这就是你前额叶皮层发育前的状况。
This is what happens before your prefrontal cortex grows in.
那真是疯狂的时期。
It's wild times.
是啊。
Yeah.
每天，全国有成千上万的女性面临意外怀孕，感到无比孤独和不知所措。
Every day, thousands of women across the country face unexpected pregnancies, feeling completely alone and overwhelmed.
现实很残酷。
The reality is tough.
目前约四分之一的妊娠以堕胎告终，这意味着每天有超过三千个生命逝去。
About one in four pregnancies currently ends in abortion, which means over three thousand lives lost daily.
但通过胎儿救助网络诊所，确实存在真正的希望。
But there's real hope through pre born network clinics.
他们提供免费的超声波检查。
They offer free ultrasounds.
当一位母亲第一次看到她的宝宝时，那一刻改变了一切。
And that moment when a mother sees her baby for the first time, it changes everything.
通过这项工作，已有超过三十五万婴儿获救。
Over three hundred and fifty thousand babies have been saved through this work.
而这还不是全部。
And it doesn't stop there.
母亲们正在认识耶稣，获得实际支持并选择生命。
Mothers are being introduced to Jesus, getting practical support and choosing life.
就像瓦莱里娅，她原本认为自己不配拥有孩子，直到找到了一家产前诊所。
Like Valeria, who didn't think she deserved to have a child until she found a preborn clinic.
现在她有了一个美丽的女儿，这个孩子已经在为他人带来光明。
Now she has a beautiful daughter who's already bringing light to others.
这样的事情每天都在发生，因此每月的支持至关重要。
This happens every day, which is why monthly support is so critical.
每月仅需28美元，就能帮助挽救生命，恢复这份真正来自上帝的礼物。
Just $28 a month can help save a life and help restore what truly is a gift from God.
请拨打250并说出关键词baby。
Dial 250 and say the keyword baby.
就是拨打二五零baby。
That's pound two five zero baby.
或者访问preborn.com/jordan。
Or go to preborn.com/jordan.
网址是preborn.com/jordan。
That's preborn.com/jordan.
让我们一次一个心跳，拯救一代人。
Let's rescue a generation, one heartbeat at a time.
好的。
Okay.
下一位来电者是康涅狄格州的艾米。
Our next caller is Amy in Connecticut.
晚上好，乔丹。
Good evening, Jordan.
你好，艾米。
Hi, Amy.
你还好吗？
How are you?
我的问题与艺术教育有关。
My question has to do with art education.
我是一名艺术教育工作者。
I'm an art educator.
我注意到学校里很多学生都非常消极，缺乏动力，根本不想上学。
And I've noticed a lot of the students that are in the school are very disengaged, unmotivated, don't wanna be in school.
但在艺术教室里情况就完全不同，因为那里有更多创意空间。
And in the art room, it's a different story because there's a lot more creativity.
我们该如何改革教育体系？
How can we transform education?
肯·罗宾逊爵士过去曾多次提及，您也在《超越秩序》一书中提到，艺术是文化本身的基石。
There's been a lot in the past from Sir Ken Robinson and some of your own comments that art is the bedrock of culture itself that I believe was from your Beyond Order book.
我们该如何改革教育体系，解决学生普遍缺乏学习动力这一关键问题？
How can we transform education and address this critical problem of disengagement in education?
嗯，我在学校（包括大学）的经历是，那些试图传授知识的老师往往完全不明白他们所教的内容究竟有何用处。
Well, my experience in school was and this included university was that it was often the case that the teachers who were attempting to impart information actually had no idea whatsoever why what they were teaching was good for anything.
我特别记得数学课，因为我问老师为什么要学这个，他们自己也不知道。
I especially remember that mathematics because I would ask the educator why I needed to know this and they didn't know.
对此的自然反应就是：如果你都不知道这有什么用，我为什么要感兴趣？
Well, natural response to that was, well, if you don't know what it's good for, why should I be interested in it?
当然这种态度有些傲慢，因为你会说12、13岁的孩子应该听大人的话，毕竟大人可能懂得更多——有时候确实如此。
Now, there's some arrogance in that obviously, because you could say, well, you know, when you're 12 or 13, you should listen to adults because they might know something more than you do, and sometimes that's true.
但教育工作者也有责任构建激励框架。
But it's also incumbent on educators to set the motivational frame.
所以很多教艺术的人只把它当作装饰来看待。
And so, many people who teach art think about it as decoration.
他们根本不知道自己在做什么，也无法向学生解释其重要性。
They have no idea what they're doing and they can't tell the students why it's important.
嗯，这是想象的领域。
Well, it's the realm of the imagination.
创意正是源于此。
It's where creative ideas come from.
在这里你培养技能与审美。
It's where you develop skill and taste.
这是你让环境变美的方式。
It's how you make your environment beautiful.
这是你向他人展示自己品味的方式。
It's how you indicate to others that you're sophisticated.
这是你学会发现世间美好，从而获得向上指引的方式。
It's how you learn to see beauty in the world so that it can guide you upward.
你为何需要向上的指引呢？
Why would you wanna be guided upward?
那么，你是想被引导向下，疯狂受苦，最终陷入近似地狱的境地吗？
Well, you wanna be guided downward and suffer madly and end up in something approximating hell?
还是你希望看到美丽向你招手，并学会与之建立联系？
Or do you wanna see beauty beckon to you and learn to establish a relationship with it?
你需要明白，13岁、14岁的孩子，以及大学新生，他们表面愤世嫉俗，但实则相当肤浅。
And you need to Like 13 year olds, 14 year olds, new university students, they have a facade of cynicism, but it's pretty shallow.
他们见识尚浅，还不足以真正愤世嫉俗。
They don't know enough to really be cynical.
在某种程度上，这是一种考验。
It's a test in some ways.
我为什么要关心这个？
Why should I care about this?
这需要付出努力。
It takes effort.
嗯，这是个合理的问题。
Well, that's a reasonable question.
既然需要付出努力，我为什么不能虚度光阴呢？
Like, if it takes effort, why shouldn't I just fritter away my time?
如果你与学生进行严肃的讨论，至少其中一部分人会认真倾听。
Now, if you have a serious discussion with your students, at least some of them might listen.
这就像在苦难中，是什么让生活依然值得过下去？
It's like, what are the things that make life worthwhile in the midst of suffering?
美无疑是其中之一，这一点毋庸置疑。
Well, beauty is one of those, that's for sure.
难道你希望一切都丑陋不堪、混乱无序吗？
You want everything to be hideous and ugly and chaotic?
这样对你有什么好处？
How is that gonna work out for you?
所以这非常重要。
So, it's very important.
听着，当人们看到目标的价值时，他们自然会为之努力。
Look, human beings are inclined to work toward a goal when they see value in the goal.
我们的神经系统就是这样运作的。
That's how our nervous systems are set up.
因此，你必须将教育事业的框架设定在那些表明目标值得付出努力的故事范围内。
And so, you have to frame the educational endeavor within the confines of the story that indicate that the goal is worth the effort.
你不能认为这是理所当然的。
And you can't just take that for granted.
这意味着你必须了解自己。
And that means you have to know yourself.
大多数时候，从事教育工作的人对此一无所知。
And most of the time, people who are educating have no idea.
他们不知道文学的意义何在。
They have no idea what literature is for.
他们不知道诗歌的意义何在。
They have no idea what poetry is for.
他们不明白背诵这些有什么用处。
They have no idea why it would be useful to memorize it.
他们不知道为什么要写作。
They don't know why you should write.
他们不知道为什么要教数学方程式，还认为艺术只是装饰品。
They don't know why they teach mathematical equations and they think art is for decoration.
如果你的认知如此肤浅，你将无法激励和教导他人。
Well, you're not gonna be able to motivate and teach people if that's how shallow your knowledge is.
那么，为什么艺术如此至关重要？
So, why is art a burning concern?
这就是你需要与孩子们进行的首要讨论。
Well, that's the first discussion that you need to have with the kids.
这对每个学科都适用。
And that's true for every topic.
听着，孩子，你必须掌握这个，因为如果你不懂，就会愚蠢地受苦，最终陷入困境。
It's like, look, kid, you need to know this because if you don't know it, you're gonna suffer stupidly and end up in a bad place.
而如果你掌握了它，将为你打开难以想象的道路。
And if you do know it, pathways will open up to you that you can hardly imagine.
那么，你是要成为一个无知、畸形、愤世嫉俗、肤浅的废物，既不会沟通又一无所知，还是打算彻底提升自己，有效地闯荡世界？
And so, you're to be like a clueless, malformed, cynical, shallow lump who can't communicate, knows nothing, Or are you gonna sharpen yourself the hell up and make your way through the world effectively?
没错。
Right.
如果这真是一个教育问题，那它就是一个深刻的精神与实践议题。
If it's genuinely an educational issue, it's a intense spiritual and practical concern.
这必须得是上帝的旨意，你知道，我去过哈佛，在学生面前做过演讲，那大概是十年前的事了。
And that has to be God, you know, I went to Harvard and I did a talk in front of the students, and this was at Harvard ten years ago probably.
我告诉他们，数百年来有成千上万的人努力奋斗，就是为了找到他们并提供绝佳机会，对他们投入巨大，也对他们要求甚高，他们有道德责任感激这份投入，必须全力以赴提升自己，走向世界做些有用的事。
And I told them, you know, that thousands of people had been working for like six hundred years to find them and offer them a stellar opportunity and that much was being invested in them and much was being demanded in them and that they had an ethical responsibility to be appreciative of the investment that had been made in them to sharpen themselves the hell up and to get out there in the world and do something useful.
后来有二三十个人过来对我说，真希望我们刚进大学时就有人告诉我们这些。
Like two dozen of them came up to me afterward and said, I wish they would have told us that when we first came to university.
是啊，这本该是开学第一天就讲的内容。
It's like, well, that should have been the first day.
在像希尔斯代尔这样的地方就会发生这种事，因为掌管希尔斯代尔的拉里·阿恩就会对学生说这些。
This sort of thing happens at places like Hillsdale because Larry Arnn who runs Hillsdale, he does tell the students that.
他们的辍学率只有1%，而大多数机构的辍学率高达40%。
And they have a one percent dropout rate as opposed to the 40% dropout rate that characterizes most institutions.
你必须设定正确的激励框架。
You gotta get the motivational frame right.
要做到这一点，你必须清楚自己为何而做——为什么要专攻这个领域，人们又为何要在乎？
And to do that, you have to know why you're doing Why are you pursuing this specialization, and why should people care?
如果你自己都不清楚，你的学生就更不会在乎了。
And if you don't know, your students aren't gonna care.
是啊。
Yeah.
我认为从实际角度讲，我们对教师可能也得更挑剔些，因为大多数教师并不优秀。
I think practically speaking too, we probably have to be pickier about teachers because most teachers aren't good.
如果教师水平不行，你如何能在私立学校或公立学校获得优质教育呢？
So how are you going to go into a private school or a public school and get a good quality education if the teachers are no good?
确实。
Yeah.
嗯，我甚至不认为这是个培训问题，
Well And I don't even think that's a training Well,
因为正如我们之前指出的，这究竟是教育还是儿童托管？
it's because the like, as we pointed out earlier, is it education or is it child warehousing?
是的。
Yes.
答案多半是儿童托管。
And the answer is mostly it's child warehousing.
然后你可能会问，哪些学生最有可能成为教师？
And then you might say, well, who are the students who are most likely to become teachers?
他们挑选的并非顶尖人才。
And it's not like they're picking the cream of the crop.
为什么？
Why?
因为他们实际上并不在乎。
Because they actually don't care.
你确实如此。
You do.
你会遇到一些好老师，然后你会永远记得他们。
You you come across some good teachers, and then they you remember them forever.
那是肯定的。
That's for sure.
但我大概只记得两个。
But I can remember, like, two.
是的。
Yep.
两个总比没有好，我想。
Two, Which is better than zero, I guess.
我大学期间一个都没有，这很可悲，但这也是我们创建彼得森学院的部分原因。
None throughout my university days, which is pretty sad, but that's part of the reason we made Peterson Academy.
嗯，他们都很棒。
Well, they're all great.
是的。
Yeah.
但我们筛选过——我是说，找到好老师确实不容易。
But we went through I mean, it's tricky to find good teachers.
我们真的评估了成千上万的教授，最后才确定这些是优秀的人选。
We went through thousands and thousands seriously of professors, and we're like, these are the good guys.
还有我们的数学老师，因为在微积分课上我有个困惑。
And our math teacher, because in calculus, I had this problem.
我当时想：我为什么要学这些方程式？
I was like, why do I need to know these equations?
嗯。
Yep.
而他说：这并不重要。
And he's like, it doesn't matter.
记住它们就行。
Memorize them.
是的。
Yep.
我当时想，好吧。
I was like, okay.
所以你甚至不知道这些公式是怎么来的。
So you don't even know how they came up with these.
如果我知道方程式的推导过程并理解其基本原理，我就能记住它。
If I knew how they came up with the equation and understood it to the basic level, I could remember it.
否则，我只是在死记硬背，考完试就会忘掉。
Otherwise, I'm just memorizing it, and I'm going to forget it after the exam.
用这种方式教学的人，自己就是通过死记硬背来学习的。
The people who teach that way are people who learned what they learned by memorizing it.
他们认为这就是获取高分的途径
They think that's how you As learn
一旦
soon as
你记住新东西，就会忘记前一个。
you remember something else, you forget the last thing.
是啊。
Yeah.
是啊。
Yeah.
是啊。
Yeah.
这没用。
It's useless.
是啊。
Yeah.
但我们的数学教授，我对他印象非常深刻。
But our professor, the math guy, I'm so impressed with.
他会解释原理。
He explains why.
我当时就想，我们需要有人来解释为什么需要三角学。
I was like, we need someone to explain why you need trigonometry.
你为什么需要它呢？
Why do you need it?
直到我理解了为什么所有内容都以那种方式构建之前，我其实并不真正能做统计学。
I didn't really I couldn't really do statistics till I understood why everything was structured in the manner that it was structured.
我需要知道原因。
I needed to know why.
那你是自学的吗？
And did you learn that on your own?
哦，是的，完全是自学的。
Oh yeah, completely.
是啊，至于我的统计学，那是大学第一年，简直是健康噩梦，我什么都没学。
Yeah, so for my statistics, this was year one university, which was a health nightmare, and I skipped everything.
期末考试前我临时抱佛脚，完全靠自学课本上的内容。
And on the final exam, I was cramming, and so I learned everything myself from the textbook.
我得了A。
I got an A.
结果这门课我只拿了D，我当时就想，要是学期初就这么用功而不是等到期末，因为期末考试我考得很好。
I ended up with a D in the course, and I was like, should have done that at the beginning of the course instead of at the end of the course because I aced the final.
这就是我的统计学经历。
That was my statistics experience.
但我不得不把所有东西都谷歌一遍。
But I had to Google everything.
我用了可汗学院之类的资源来真正学习。
I used Khan Academy and things to really learn.
是啊。
Yeah.
嗯。
Yeah.
对。
Yeah.
有一本很棒的书叫《统计思想史》，可惜我记不起作者的名字了，但那本书非常有用。
There's a great book called A History of Statistical Thought that I can't unfortunately, I can't remember the name of the author, but that was extremely useful.
确实，找到一个好老师很难，而好老师必须对教学充满热情。
But yeah, it's hard to find a good teacher and a good teacher has to a really great interesting that teacher though.
是的，有道理。
Yeah, fair enough.
一位优秀的教师会展现出对学科的道德承诺。
A great teacher acts out a moral commitment to the topic.
教师工作的很大一部分并不是传递信息。
A huge part of what you're doing as a teacher isn't imparting information.
书本在这方面做得更有效。
Books do that more effectively.
教师的工作往往是设定激励框架，并生动展现参与过程
What you're doing as a teacher often is setting the motivational frame and dramatizing the process of being engaged with
这说得太对了。
the That's so true.
是的。
Yeah.
是的。
Yeah.
是的。
Yeah.
是的。
Yeah.
你看，这就是为什么叫演讲剧场，对吧？
You're Well, that's why it's a lecture theater, Right?
你在践行对这项事业的承诺，并将其戏剧化地呈现出来。
You're acting out a commitment to the enterprise and you're dramatizing that.
你在说：看，这让我着迷。
You're saying, look, this grips me.
这很重要。
This is important.
这至关重要。
It's vital.
原因如下。
Here's why.
这将改变你的人生。
This will change your life.
这将改变你的人生。
This will change your life.
是的。
Yeah.
是的。
Yeah.
这将改变你的人生。
This will change your life.
是的。
Yeah.
酷。
Cool.
是啊。
Yeah.
保护你远离深渊，指引你向上。
Protect you from the pit and orient you upward.
没错。
Yeah.
所以你最好搞明白这点，因为深渊很深。
And so and you better get that right because the pit is deep.
对。
Right.
所以要注意，否则...
So so pay attention or else.
没错。
Right.
然后人们会想，哦，也许这里面有点东西。
Well, then people think, Oh, maybe there's something here.
是啊。
Yeah.
而且这可以是任何话题，如果你
And that can be any topic if you
能让人越过它。
get somebody past It is.
现象，现象意味着它是从...意味着闪耀显现。
Well, phenomenon Phenomenon means It's from it means to shine forth.
所以，现象是值得探究的目标。
So, phenomenon is a worthy target of inquiry.
有些会吸引你，有些则不会。
And some will grip you and some won't.
当它们吸引你时，就是在闪耀显现。
And what they're doing when they grip you is shining forth.
这就是世界根据你的兴趣显现自身的方式。
That's the world manifesting itself in accordance with your interest.
所以总会有某些事物吸引你，对吧？
And so something will grip you, right?
它会闪耀显现。
It'll shine forth.
比如当你发现某人很有魅力，或某物让你觉得美丽或有趣时，就是这种情况。
That's what happens when you find someone attractive, for example, or something strikes you as beautiful or interesting.
这就是所谓的闪耀显现。
So that's the shining forth.
这种闪耀显现的本质，是你表层感知之下深层现实的自我揭示，在微微发光。
So what that shining forth is, is the deep reality underneath your surface perception making itself known, glimmering.
这正是摩西故事中燃烧荆棘的寓意所在。
And then that's what the burning bush is in the Moses story.
而如果你关注这种现象并深入探究，就会像掉进兔子洞一样直达万物根源，看清一切是如何相互连接的。
And then if you pay attention to that phenomenon and you investigate it deeply, you go down the rabbit hole to the bottom of all things and you see where everything's connected.
那就是世界生命之灵所在之处。
That's where the animating spirit of the world resides.
这就是当摩西偏离常路去探究燃烧的灌木——那活生生的现象时发生的事。
So that's what happens when Moses steps off the beaten path to investigate the burning bush, which is like the living phenomenon.
他全神贯注直到触及事物的本质。
He concentrates intensely until he gets to the bottom of something.
而当他触及事物本质时，这转变使他成为一位领袖。
And when he gets to the bottom of something that transforms him into a leader.
现在他能向权力说出真相。
Now he can speak truth to power.
现在他能将奴隶从自满与不负责任中解放出来。
Now he can free the slaves what, from complacency and irresponsibility.
现在他能指明应许之地。
And now he can specify the promised land.
这就是当你被某个主题深深吸引时所做的事。
That's what you're doing when you're gripped by a topic.
这种执着是对表面现象之下更深层现实的揭示。
And the grip is the revelation of a deeper reality beyond the surface appearance.
而这正是你试图传达给学生们的。
And that's what you're trying to convey to your students.
就像你在世界上看到的大部分事物，其实是你假设和无知的表象。
It's like most of what you see in the world is the facade of your assumption and ignorance.
那里存在着深刻的东西。
There's something deep there.
如果你能看见它并与它建立联系，它就会改变你以及一切。
And if you could only see it and if you made contact with it, then it would change you and everything else.
正是如此。
That's right.
这就是世界的构成方式。
That's how the world is structured.
你可以在petersonacademy.com上看到更多相关内容。
And you can see more of that at petersonacademy.com.
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You can create your professional storefront effortlessly with Shopify's extensive library of customizable templates designed to reflect your brand's unique identity.
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Plus, can market your business like a pro without hiring a team.
轻松创建并投放精准的电子邮件营销活动和社交媒体内容，覆盖客户线上线下所有活动场景。
Easily develop and launch targeted email campaigns and social media content that reaches customers wherever they spend their time online or offline.
如果这些还不够，Shopify还提供从库存管理到国际物流再到无忧退货处理的全程专业商业指导。
If that's not enough, Shopify offers expert guidance on every aspect of commerce from inventory management to international shipping logistics to seamless return processing.
只要您准备好销售，Shopify就为您准备好一切。
If you're ready to sell, you're ready for Shopify.
立即注册享受每月1美元的试用期，今天就开始在shopify.com/jbp上销售吧。
Sign up for your $1 per month trial period and start selling today at shopify.com/jbp.
访问 shopify.com/jbp。
Go to shopify.com/jbp.
再次强调，网址是 shopify.com/jbp。
Again, that's shopify.com/jbp.
今天的最后一位嘉宾是来自阿尔伯塔省的卡尔预先录制的留言。
And our final guest today is a prerecorded message from Carl from Alberta.
啊，阿尔伯塔。
Ah, Alberta.
在提问前先说明，我有四个孩子，并担任了多年童子军领队。
To set up my question, I have four kids and spent years as a scout leader.
最吸引我的是分享挑战性经历并见证成长的过程。
What engages me is sharing challenging experiences and seeing growth.
根据您的播客内容，您提到智商在成年之前最具可塑性。
Following your podcast, you indicated IQ is most malleable before adulthood sets in.
展望未来，您认为我们可以为青少年项目中的男孩提供哪些最佳经历？
Going forward, what would be the best experiences I could provide for the boys in our youth program?
这背后的原因是什么？
Now what's behind this?
我很难相信没有某种途径可以开发一个人的智力。
I have a hard time thinking there isn't some path that can develop one's intelligence.
毕竟，我们人类已经有了显著的进步。
After all, we humans have added substantially.
如果你站在精神层面来看，时间不是问题。
And if you're on a spiritual plane, time isn't the issue.
我想探讨的是进步或进步的速度。
Progression or rate of progression is what I'd like to tap into.
作为父亲，应该让家人甚至社区成员共同参与这一过程。
As a dad, the family and even those in the community should come along for the ride.
但我怎样才能最好地做到这一点呢？
But how could I do that best?
好的。
Okay.
这里有好几个问题。
So there's a number of questions there.
一个是关于智商的问题。
There's a question about IQ.
一个是关于指导动机的问题。
There's a question about motivation for mentorship.
还有一个是关于最佳发展的问题。
And then there's a question for about optimal development.
智商在成年之前最具可塑性吗？
Is IQ most malleable before adulthood?
这是你甚至能改变的吗？
Is that something you can even change?
你当然可以抑制它。
You can certainly suppress it.
是啊。
Yeah.
饮食等等，嗯，
Diet and etcetera, Well,
饮食和信息不足。
diet and insufficient information.
问题在某种程度上在于，世界上有足够多的信息对每个人都是可获取的，所以信息限制并不是智商发展的问题，对吧？
The issue, the problem is to some degree is that there's enough information in the world that's accessible to everyone so that a limit on information isn't the issue with regard to IQ development, right?
对于每个智力水平的人来说，信息都绰绰有余
There's more than enough information for everyone at every level of intelligence to Was be
那之前是个问题吗？
that an issue before?
我是说，世界依然存在。
Mean, there's still the world.
是的，确实如此。
Yes, true.
但没错，我认为之前确实是个问题，因为你可能身处信息贫乏的环境中。
But yes, it was an issue before, I would say, because you could be in a informationally impoverished environment.
我的意思是，这很复杂，因为问题在于当你天生更聪明时，你会探究事物并发现其中更多的复杂性，对吧？
I mean, it's complicated because the problem is that when you're more intelligent, say by nature, you investigate things and discover more complexity in them, right?
所以，如果你足够好奇，环境就不会成为限制，你会依赖自己的想象力。
So, if you're curious enough, there's no limited environment, you'd rely on your own imagination.
而且我们其实并不知道如何提高智商。
So, and we don't really know how to increase IQ.
我们不知道。
We don't know.
十年前有各种各样的公司，其中一家公司一直在广告宣传这些认知训练
There were all sorts of companies ten years ago, there was a company that was advertising continually these cognitive exercises
哦，对。
that Oh, yeah.
记得做过那些。
Remember did those.
是啊。
Yeah.
我不记得那家公司的名字了，但它已经消失了。
I don't remember the name of the company, but it's vanished.
这种情况反复发生：公司不断涌现，声称'我们有一套能保持并提升你智商的认知训练'。
And this happens repeatedly that companies pop up and they say, We have this set of cognitive exercises that will keep your IQ intact and develop it.
然后他们进行研究后发现，如果你练习那些小测试，你在该测试上会表现更好，但这种提升无法迁移。
And then they do the research and they find that if you practice the little exercise, you get way better at it, but it doesn't generalize.
这个研究发现之确凿简直令人难以置信。
And that's like, you just can't believe how solid a finding that is.
人们尝试了很长时间，奇怪的是你可能会认为存在一种与年龄校正的通用认知能力——那就是智商。
People have tried for a very long time and it's peculiar because what you might think, there's a general cognitive ability that's corrected for age, that's IQ.
得出一个智商估值非常简单。
It's very easy to derive an IQ estimate.
举个例子，你可以准备100道关于随机主题的单选题，让100个人作答，根据答对数量进行排序，再根据年龄校正，这就是智商。
One of the things you can do, for example, you could take a 100 multiple choice questions about random topics and you could administer them, let's say, to a 100 people and you could rank order them in terms of how many questions you get right and you could correct that for age and that would be IQ.
就这么简单。
That's how easy it is.
是的。
Yeah.
所以，这是一个非常稳固的现象。
So And so, it's very robust phenomenon.
你可能会认为，既然存在普遍性——如果你容易答对一道题，就倾向于答对所有题，对吧？
You might assume that because there's a general If you're prone to get one question right, you're prone to get all of them right, right?
所以，存在这种普遍倾向。
So, there's that general tendency.
你可能会想，既然存在普遍倾向，那么通过练习各种不同的认知任务，这种练习就会产生普遍性效果，从而提升整体能力。
You might think that because there's a general tendency, you could practice a variety of different cognitive tasks and that practice would generalize and it would increase that general ability.
并非如此。
Nope.
事实并非这样运作。
That isn't how it works.
现在，你可以通过将人们置于信息贫乏的环境、营养不良或虐待来降低智商，但据我所知，没有证据表明你可以随时间推移可靠地提高智商。
Now, you can decrease IQ by putting people in informationally poor environments and through malnutrition, through abuse, but there's no evidence that I know of that you can reliably increase IQ with time.
我来给你举个例子说明这一点。
I'll I'll give you an example of this.
美国在20世纪60年代启动了一个由保守派和自由派共同支持的大型项目，名为'启蒙计划'。
So there was a huge program in The United States started in the 1960s, which was supported by conservatives and liberals alike called Head Start.
我想启蒙计划至今仍在运行。
And I think Head Start still operates.
这个理念是让社会经济条件相对落后的孩子更早入学，并置于丰富的教育环境中，从而获得先发优势。
The idea was that you could take kids in relatively deprived socioeconomic environments, and you could put them in school earlier and in an enriched environment, and that would give them a head start.
而这种认知上的先发优势会随着他们的成长不断放大，对吧？
And the consequences of that cognitive head start would multiply as they progressed, right?
早期介入，在认知层面解决问题，比如促进阅读能力发展，这些好处会随时间累积放大，孩子们就能获得领先优势。
So you get in early, sort things out cognitively, like motivate reading development, the benefits will accrue and multiply across time, the kids will gain a head start.
不，实际情况并非如此。
No, that isn't what happened.
真实情况是，参加启蒙计划的孩子确实比同龄且社会经济背景相似但未参加的孩子表现更好，但这种差异到五年级或六年级时就消失了。
No, what happened was that the kids who went to head start did do better than their age matched and socioeconomic matched peers who didn't go to Head Start, but the differences disappeared by grade five or grade six.
所以认知功能并没有得到提升。
So there was no improvement in cognitive function.
这其中有多方面原因，我们就不深入探讨了。
Now, there's a variety of reasons for that which we won't go into.
行为方面确实有一些改善。
There were some behavioral improvements.
这可能是因为部分孩子被从极度恶劣的环境中带了出来
It was likely because some of the kids were taken out of extremely pathological Less
虐待。
abuse.
是的。
Yeah.
没错。
Yeah.
对。
Right.
没错。
That's right.
确实如此。
That's right.
那些参加过启蒙计划的女孩在青春期怀孕的概率更低，总体而言孩子们的毕业率更高，但在认知功能方面却没有任何改善。
And girls were less likely to get pregnant who'd gone to head start in adolescence, and the kids in general were more likely to graduate, but there was no improvement in cognitive function.
这真的很令人沮丧，对吧？
And that was really saddening, right?
因为这曾是个很好的假设，就像你早期取得飞跃性进步的想法看起来如此明显，以至于你会认为这是无可辩驳的。
Because it was a good hypothesis, like the idea that you could get a leap ahead early seems so obvious that you'd think it was incontrovertible.
但事实并非如此。
It just happens not to be true.
是啊。
Yeah.
虽然不想太偏离主题，但我们知道迷幻剂能提升对体验的开放度。
Not to get way off kilter here, but we know psychedelics improve openness to experience.
是的。
Yeah.
但他们还没发现认知能力因此有任何变化
But they haven't seen any changes in cognitive ability due
由那个引起的。
to that.
不，那也很奇怪。
No, that's also odd.
嗯，我认为部分原因是你可以让它看起来...如果你有一个层级结构，意味着你处理速度更快，可以处理更多信息单元，可以说你能同时持有并操作更多想法。
Well, I think it's partly because you can make it Look, if you have a hierarchy, which means you're faster at processing and you can process more bits of information, so to speak, you can hold more ideas and manipulate them simultaneously.
那是通用认知能力的部分要素。
That's part of the element of general cognitive ability.
你更快且能处理更多信息。
You're faster and you can juggle more.
好的。
Okay.
创造力与智商呈正相关，但它还有一个额外要素，就是你建立的那些不太可能的观念联系。
Creativity is positively associated with IQ, but it has an additional element, which is the improbability of the ideational connections you make.
所以，你越有创造力，想法之间的跨度就越大。
So, the more creative you are, the bigger the leaps between ideas.
当然，你也可能过于有创造力，以至于变得狂躁且语无伦次。
Now, you can get so creative that you're manic and incoherent.
对吧？
Right?
但那就是...你在把所有东西都联系起来。
But And that would be the You're connecting everything.
没错，正是这样。
Yeah, exactly.
所有事物都相互关联着。
Everything is connecting.
是啊。
Yeah.
对。
Yeah.
没错。
Yeah.
是的。
Right.
迷幻药物似乎确实能提升这种开放性特质，增强建立更远关联的能力，同时增强对美学体验的吸引力，因为这也是开放性的一部分。
Psychedelics do appear to increase that trade openness, that ability to make more distal connections, and also attraction to aesthetic experience because that's part of openness.
但我至今未发现任何证据表明它们能提升智力。
But I see I've seen no evidence whatsoever that they have an enhancing effect on intelligence.
事实证明，提高智商极其、极其、极其困难。
It's proved very, very, very difficult to increase IQ.
非常困难。
Very.
没人做到过。
No one's done it.
没人能做到这一点。
No one's done it.
我敢打赌，如果你消除了与饮食相关的脑雾，当然，我要这么说。
I bet if you got rid of brain fog associated with diet, Of course, I'm gonna say this.
那你就能让人们达到他们应有的水平。
Then you'd bump people to where they should be.
母乳喂养的婴儿在智商上有优势。
Breastfed babies have an IQ advantage.
是有证据的。
Is evidence.
术语？
Term?
对。
Yeah.
没错。
Yeah.
天啊。
Oh my gosh.
太可怕了。
That's horrifying.
是啊。
Yeah.
没错。
Yeah.
不。
No.
你是认真的吗？
Are you serious?
嗯，这符合逻辑。
Well, it's keeping with it.
你的大脑是个代谢需求极高的器官。
Your brain is a very demanding metabolic organ.
如果你优化它的功能，它会运作得更好。
If you optimize its function, it's going to work better.
这似乎从出生起就具有累积的益处。
That seems to have accruing benefits from birth onward.
如果吃不饱导致身体发育不良，你可以看到世界各地从未吃饱的人群都是如此，明白吗？
If you don't get enough to eat and you're stunted in your development physically, you saw this with populations all around the world who never got enough to eat, you know?
所以这些男性长大后身高只有五尺二、五尺三，而不是如果营养充足可能达到的六尺。
So they the men would grow up and be five foot two, five foot three instead of the full six feet they might be if they had enough to eat.
这与智力发育迟缓有关。
That's associated with intellectual stunting.
保护智商随年龄增长的最佳方法不是做认知训练，而是优化营养和进行体育锻炼。
And the best way to protect your IQ as you age isn't to do cognitive exercises, it's actually to optimize your nutrition and to do physical exercises.
大脑是一个高度依赖身体机能的器官，优化健康状况是提升认知能力的最佳辅助手段。
The brain is a very physical organ and optimized health is the best adjunct to increased cognitive ability.
确实如此。
So yeah.
因此我不认为我像提问者所说的那样，说过智商在年轻时最具可塑性。
And so I don't think I said, as the questioner indicated, I don't believe I said that IQ is most malleable when you're young.
它可能在下降方面最具可塑性，但智商随时间非常稳定，非常稳定。
It might be most malleable downward, but it's a very IQ is very stable across time, very.
这是个反常现象。
And it's perverse phenomena.
举个例子：
So here's an example.
如果你追踪一出生就被分开的同卵双胞胎，随着他们年龄增长反复测试其智商，按常理他们的智商会因经历不同而逐渐分化。
If you take twins identical twins separated at birth and you test them repeatedly for IQ as they age, what you'd expect is that their IQs would get more different as their experiences diverge.
但事实并非如此。
That isn't what happens.
实际情况是，随着年龄增长，他们的智商会越来越接近——到60岁时，无论他们如何被抚养长大，测试这对双胞胎的结果相似到如同测试同一个人两次。
What happens is that as they age, their IQs get more similar until regardless of how they were raised by the time they're 60, if you test one twin and the other, they're so similar that it's like you test the same person twice.
所以，关键点在于
So, identical point
那么做任何事都只是扮演魔鬼代言人。
of doing anything then, just to play devil's advocate here.
嗯，
Well,
关于发展有很多方面并不专门与处理速度相关。
there's lots of things about development that aren't specifically associated with processing speed.
你知道，不，这是个好问题。
You know, that's No, that's a good question.
在某种程度上，这位提问者确实提出了这个问题，对吧？
And to some degree, this questioner was asking that question, right?
他关注的是智力发展，这可能并不太合适。
He focused on intellectual development, which probably wasn't appropriate, probably.
我想他知道这一点。
And I think he knows this.
他说他确实在激励年轻人发展自我中找到了动力。
He said that he really found motivation in challenging young people to develop themselves.
是的。
Yeah.
进步。
Progress.
但这并不意味着他们在智商意义上变得更聪明。
But that doesn't mean they're getting smarter in the IQ sense.
这可能更意味着他们的性格在发展，他们正在变得更睿智。
It might easily mean that their character is developing and they're becoming wiser.
对吧？
Right?
然后他们正在发展一套实用、具体、有用的知识体系。
And then that they're developing, you know, a body of practical, specific, useful information.
智商与你学习新事物的速度相关性最高。
IQ is most correlated with how fast you learn something.
你可以学得慢一些但仍然掌握它，对吧？
You can learn something slower and still learn it, right?
因此，在教育他人时，你所期望的更多是道德层面的品格发展。同意。
So, what you're hoping for when you're educating people is more character development on the moral Agreed.
同意。
Agreed.
是的。
Yeah.
所以，他乐于挑战孩子们、将他们推向极限并培养他们，这实际上反映的——更准确地说——应是对品格的关注，而非智力本身。
And so, and his pleasure in challenging kids and putting them on the edge and developing them is actually a reflection, should be more accurately a reflection of concern with character rather than with intelligence per se.
对吧？
Right?
一个人可以智商很高但道德品格低下。
You can have high IQ and have poor moral character.
确实如此。
That's for sure.
是的，绝对如此。
Yes, absolutely.
我们确实看到了这一点
We see that
确实如此
all over We certainly do.
反之亦然
And vice versa.
你可以是个非常善良的人——道德与智力之间毫无关联，真的完全没有。
You can be a very good person who's There's no correlation between morality and intelligence, like literally none.
如果将尽责性和宜人性视为道德范畴，这其实很微妙。
If you think about conscientiousness and agreeableness as the moral categories, it's tricky.
尽责性关联着勤奋与条理。
Conscientiousness is associated with industriousness and orderliness.
尽责的人能够履行长期承诺。
Conscientious people can keep long term contracts.
他们往往言出必行。
They tend to abide by their word.
尽责性与智商之间的相关性为零。
The correlation between conscientiousness and IQ is zero.
零。
Zero.
对吧？
Right?
这相当引人注目。
Which is quite remarkable.
要知道，这虽非你所预期，但事实确实如此。
You know, it's not what you'd expect, but it happens to be the case.
两者毫无关联。
There's no correlation.
随和性则更为复杂，因为随和的人富有同情心且彬彬有礼，很容易将其视为美德。
Agreeableness is trickier because agreeable people are compassionate and polite and it's easy to think about that as virtuous.
但那些争强好胜、吹毛求疵的不随和者，同样具备美德。
But disagreeable people who are competitive and critical, that's also a virtue.
但随和性与智力之间也没有相关性。
But there's also no correlation between agreeableness and intelligence.
所以性格和智力不是一回事，更恰当的做法是评估一个人的品质。
So character and intelligence are not the same thing and it's more appropriate to evaluate the quality of a person.
这很棘手，因为智力非常有用，因为你反应更快，思维更敏捷也更广阔。
It's so tricky because intelligence is so helpful because you're faster, you're faster and broader.
因此，在性格相同的两个人之间的正面竞争中，更聪明的人会行动得更快。
And so, in a head to head competition between two people of equal character, the more intelligent person is gonna move quicker.
这是个残酷的事实。
And that's a rough fact.
这是自然界残酷的真相。
It's a brutal fact of nature.
但光明呢，谁在乎？
But light also, who cares?
你对此无能为力，所以继续前进吧。
You can't do anything about it, so move on.
你要充分利用手头所拥有的资源。
You maximize what you have at your disposal.
还有其他美德存在。
There are other virtues.
首先，智力并非一种美德。
First of all, intelligence isn't a virtue.
它是一种责任。
It's a responsibility.
是一份天赋。
It's a gift.
这份天赋若被滥用，将带来巨大代价。
And it's a gift that if misused brings immense cost.
就像神话中的路西法，是误入歧途的智识化身。
Like Lucifer mythologically is the spirit of the intellect gone wrong.
对吧？
Right?
因此，高智商可能成为一种极具破坏性的力量，也是一种诅咒，对吧？
So, high intelligence can be a very destructive force and a curse, right?
例如，在神话世界中，它常与傲慢联系在一起。
It's associated with pride, for example, in the mythological world.
所以
So
许多聪明人因为自己聪明而非常骄傲。
lots of people who are smart are very proud of themselves for being smart.
这是个非常糟糕的想法。
That's a very bad idea.
首先，这不是他们自己挣来的。
First of all, they didn't earn it.
而且他们可能也没那么聪明。
And they're probably not that smart.
要知道，在更宏大的层面，比如上帝的视角下。
Well You know, in the greater scheme of, like, God.
是啊。
Yeah.
对。
Yeah.
没错。
Yeah.
确实。
Yeah.
嗯，这一点确实需要考虑。
Well, there is that to consider.
好的，说到这里，感谢大家今天的观看和聆听。
Well, on that note, thank you all for watching and listening today.
我们很快会带着更多《回应召唤》的剧集回归，我相当享受这些内容。
We'll be back with more episodes, I quite enjoy these, of Answer the Call soon.
点击订阅和通知按钮，这样你就不会错过任何一集，因为有时候YouTube对爸爸的频道不太友好。
Hit the subscribe and notify button so you don't miss an episode because sometimes YouTube is tricky with dad's channel.
我们很快再聊。
Talk to you guys soon.
你有任何问题想让我们探讨吗？
Do you have a question you'd like us to explore?
通过视频描述中的链接与我们分享，让我们一起面对生活的挑战。
Share it with us at the link in the video's description, and let's face life's challenges together.
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