金钱与恩典的逻辑

欢迎来到《福音生活》。

Welcome to Gospel in Life.

为什么圣经如此频繁地谈论金钱？

Why does the Bible talk about money so much?

我们如何看待和使用金钱，是贯穿圣经最常见的主题之一。

How we think about and use our money is one of the most common subjects throughout scripture.

圣经向我们揭示了一个惊人的事实。

And the Bible tells us something striking.

若不将你的金钱及对它的态度交托在神的手中，你就无法经历深刻的灵性成长。

You cannot experience deep spiritual growth without putting your money and your attitude toward it in God's hands.

请听提姆·凯勒向我们阐释，为何慷慨对基督徒而言不是可选项，而是真实信仰的重要标志。

Listen as Tim Keller shows us why generosity is not optional for Christians, but a vital mark of authentic faith.

今晚我们的经文诵读选自《路加福音》第14章7至24节。

Our scripture reading tonight is from the book of Luke chapter 14 verses seven through 24.

当他注意到客人们如何争抢宴席上的首位时，便对他们讲了这个比喻。

When he noticed how the guests picked the places of honor at the table, he told them this parable.

有人请你赴婚宴时，不要坐在首位上，因为可能有比你尊贵的客人被邀请。

When someone invites you to a wedding feast, do not take the place of honor for a person more distinguished than you may have been invited.

若是这样，邀请你们的主人会过来对你说：‘请让座给这位客人’。

If so, the host who invited both of you will come and say to you, give this man your seat.

那时你就要羞愧地退到末位上。

Then humiliated, you will have to take the least important place.

但你被邀请时，要坐在末位上，好叫主人来对你说：‘朋友，请上座’。

But when you are invited, take the lowest place so that when your host comes, he will say to you, friend, move up to a better place.

这样，你在同席的人面前就有光彩了。

Then you will be honored in the presence of all your fellow guests.

因为凡自高的必降为卑，自卑的必升为高。

For everyone who exalts himself will be humbled, and he who humbles himself will be exalted.

耶稣又对主人说：‘你摆设午宴或晚宴时，不要请你的朋友、弟兄、亲属或富足的邻居，

Then Jesus said to his host, when you give a luncheon or dinner, do not invite your friends, your brothers or relatives, or your rich neighbors.

因为他们可能会回请你，这样你就得了报答。

If you do, they may invite you back and so you will be repaid.

但你摆设筵席时，要邀请贫穷的、残废的、瘸腿的、瞎眼的，这样你就有福了。

But when you give a banquet, invite the poor, the crippled, the lame, the blind, and you will be blessed.

虽然他们无法回报你，但在义人复活时，你必得着报答。

Although they cannot repay you, you will be repaid at the resurrection of the righteous.

同席的有一人听见这话，就对耶稣说：‘在神国里吃饭的人有福了。’

When one of those at the table with him heard this, he said to Jesus, blessed is the man who will eat at the feast in the kingdom of God.

耶稣回答说：‘有一个人摆设大筵席，请了许多客。

Jesus replied, a certain man was preparing a great banquet and invited many guests.

到了坐席的时候，他打发仆人去对所请的人说：‘请来吧，各样都预备齐了。’

At the time of the banquet, he sent his servant to tell those who had been invited, come for everything is now ready.

众人却异口同声地推辞起来。

But they all alike began to make excuses.

头一个说：‘我买了一块地，必须去看看，请你准我辞了。’

The first said, I have just bought a field and I must go and see it.

‘请原谅我。’

Please excuse me.

又有一个说：‘我买了五对牛，正要去试试它们。

Another said, I have just bought five yoke of oxen and I'm on my way to try them out.

请原谅我。’

Please excuse me.

还有一个说：‘我刚结婚，所以不能来。’

Still the other said, I just got married, so I can't come.

仆人回来把这些话告诉了主人。

The servant came back and reported this to his master.

于是房子的主人发怒，吩咐仆人说：‘快出去到城里的大街小巷，把贫穷的、残废的、瞎眼的、瘸腿的都领进来。’

Then the owner of the house became angry and ordered his servant, go out quickly into the street and alleys of the town and bring in the poor, the crippled, the blind, the lame.

仆人说：‘主人，你所吩咐的已经办了，还有空位。’

Sir, the servant said, what you ordered has been done, but there is still room.

主人对仆人说：‘你出去到大路上和篱笆那里，勉强人进来，好把我的屋子坐满。

Then the master told his servant, go out to the roads and country lanes and make them come in so that my house will be full.

我告诉你们，先前所请的人，没有一个能尝到我的宴席。’

I tell you, not one of those men who were invited will get to taste of my banquet.

这是主的话语。

This is the word of the Lord.

我们将在六月份做一个关于基督徒应如何看待金钱与财产的简短系列。

We're doing a short series in the month of, June on the subject of how Christians ought to be looking at their money and their possessions.

我们正在研究路加对此的教导。

We're looking at what Luke says about it.

本月我们要查考的三段经文都来自《路加福音》，下周还有一段来自《使徒行传》（路加的另一部著作），因为路加对这个主题有大量论述。

Three of the passages we're looking at this month come from the Gospel of Luke, one next week from Acts, the book of Acts, which Luke also wrote, because Luke has so much to say about the subject.

选择六月进行这个系列是因为：当教会谈论金钱时，当牧师向会众讲论金钱时，若恰逢募捐活动、年终预算或特殊奉献，听众自然会聚焦于具体事项而非根本原则。

And we're choosing June to do this because, when when you talk about money to a congregation, and when a minister talks about money to a congregation, and there's a campaign going on, or there's a the end of the year operating budget, or there's, there are some special offerings, then when you talk about, oh see, you need to give, to this, it's actually natural for for the listeners to concentrate on the this, on the cause, on the thing.

而非退后一步思考：上帝究竟希望我如何整体看待我的金钱？

Instead of sitting back and saying, well, what does God how does God want me to think about my money in general?

我对此应有的态度是什么？

What should my attitude be toward it?

我该如何协调奉献与消费的关系？

How should I relate the giving my giving to my spending?

我应该在自己身上花多少钱？

How much should I spend on myself?

我应该捐出多少钱？

How much should I give away?

这就是我们想在六月份探讨的内容，因为圣经中有大量相关教导。

That's what we want to look at here in the month of June because there's so much in the bible about it.

首先，实际上这次讲道我只讲两点。

So first of all, I actually only have two points to this sermon.

不是三点，不，是两点。

Not three, no, two.

明白吗？

Okay?

所以别指望能提前结束，但确实只有两点。

So maybe don't count on getting out early, but it's still, two.

第一点是耶稣基督在本章中间提出了一个令人震惊的奉献标准。

The first point is that Jesus Christ in the middle of this chapter lays out an astonishing standard for sacrificial giving.

绝对令人震惊。

Absolutely astonishing.

如此惊人，以至于对我们来说似乎不合常理。

So astonishing that it will seem unreasonable to us.

那么，这是第一点。

Then, that's point one.

其次，我将展示耶稣如何通过福音的逻辑证明这种奉献实际上是合理的。

Secondly, I'm gonna show how Jesus actually shows how reasonable that kind of giving is because of the logic of the gospel.

所以第一点，耶稣为我们——他的子民和门徒——设立了一个关于牺牲奉献的惊人标准。

So point one, an astonishing standard that Jesus lays out there for sacrificial giving from us, his people, disciples.

其次是，他如何合理化这一点，如何将其建立在福音的逻辑基础上。

And then secondly, how he rationalizes it, how he grounds it in the logic of the gospel.

首先，让我们看看这段经文中间的这个惊人标准。

So first of all, let's look at this amazing standard in the middle of the of the passage.

经上说，耶稣对主人说，那么主人是谁呢？

He said it says, then Jesus said to his host, now who's the host?

耶稣受邀进入了一位显赫人物的家中。

Jesus has been invited into the home of a very prominent man.

我们阅读的这部分并未提及，但这在章节开头就有说明。

It doesn't tell us that in the part that we read, but it's at the very beginning of the chapter.

耶稣受邀参加一场有许多宾客的盛大晚宴，地点在一户显赫人家。

Jesus was invited to a big supper with lots of guests at a prominent home.

如第七节所示，经上记着当他注意到宾客们争抢宴席首位时。

And which you see verse seven, it says when he noticed the guests were picking places of honor at the table.

因此这是一场典型的晚宴，人们都试图尽可能靠近主人就座。

So this was a typical supper in which people were trying to sit as close to the to the, the host as possible.

接着耶稣对主人说：当你设午宴或晚宴时，不要邀请你的朋友、兄弟、亲戚和富有的邻居。

And then Jesus says, when you give a luncheon or dinner, he says this to the host, do not invite your friends, your brothers, your relatives, your rich neighbors.

在场的正是这些人。

That's who's there.

要理解当前情境，我们需要先提供一些背景信息。

Now to understand what's going on, we have to, give you some little background here.

希腊罗马世界运作于庇护制度之下。

The Greco Roman world operated on the patronage system.

这并非完全陌生，因为世界上仍有许多地区沿用此制。

Now this isn't totally alien because there's plenty of parts of the world that still do.

庇护制度的运作方式如下。

The patronage system went like this.

每个社区都有一些显赫的富有人士。

In every community there were certain prominent wealthy individuals.

如果你想提升社会地位，实现阶层跃迁，就必须选择其中一人作为庇护者。

And if you wanted to improve your station in life, move up at all, you had to make one of those people your patron.

若某人成为你的庇护者，他会为你提供贷款、赠礼并为你打开机遇之门。

If that person was your patron, that person gave you loans, gave you gifts, opened doors for you.

但此后你就成为其关系网的一部分。

But then you were part of their network.

庇护者拥有受惠者网络，受惠者即是从庇护者处获得好处的人。

Patrons had networks of favorites, and a favorite was somebody who got favors from the patron.

而你所在的赞助人宠臣网络意味着，那位赞助人能在社区中办成许多事，因为有一大群人都欠他人情。

And your network the patron's network of favorites meant you that patron could get a lot of things done in a community because you had all these people that owed you.

所以，你总能获得各种便利。

So, you always got breaks on things.

你总能，你知道的，把事情办成。

You always got, you know, things got done.

赞助人能在社区中办成许多事，因为你的宠臣们会为流程润滑打点。

Patrons could get a lot of things done in the community because the slides your favorites would grease the slides.

政治恩惠，诸如此类的事情。

Political favors, that kind of thing.

当你举办这些晚宴时，那正是其中暗藏的玄机。

When you had these suppers, that was what that was what was going on.

在晚宴上，人们试图互相结识。

At the suppers, the people were trying to meet each other.

你要么试图通过赞助人维持现有社会地位——宠臣们聚在一起维系关系，要么就在试图结交新的关系。

You either were trying to sustain your place in life by the patrons and the favorites were getting together to sustain the relationship, or you're trying to get new ones.

你试图结识新的赞助人。

You're trying to meet new patrons.

你试图向上攀爬社会阶梯。

You were trying to move up the ladder.

因此，参加晚宴的人极为重要。

And therefore, the people who came to a supper were extremely important.

你必须拥有富有的邻居。

You had to have rich neighbors.

你必须邀请至少与你社会地位相当或更高的人。

You had to have people at least at your level of society or better.

正因如此，这些不仅仅是普通的聚会。

And because of that, these were not just parties.

它们具有极其重要的意义。

They were extremely important.

而且花费极其昂贵。

And they were extremely expensive.

但这没关系，因为你举办这些晚宴派对时，邀请的正是你正在洽谈生意的人，以及你试图纳入社交网络的对象，因此派对是值得的。

But that was alright because you threw those parties, you had these these supper parties, but you got the people there who you were already having deal making deals with and people who you were trying to incorporate into your network, and therefore the party paid off.

派对总能自给自足。

The party always paid for itself.

虽然花费高昂，但派对总能回本。

It was very expensive, but a party paid for itself.

它有趣、盛大、昂贵，但也充满节日气氛，更重要的是它能为你带来回报。

It was fun, it was it was extensive, it was expensive, but it was fun, it was festive, but it also was, it it paid for you.

这就是当时的社交体系。

That was the system.

耶稣基督来到这位赞助人类型的人面前，竟大胆地说：当你设午宴或晚宴时，不要邀请你的朋友、兄弟、亲戚或富有的邻居——那些能回请你的人。

Jesus Christ comes to this man who's a patron type and has the audacity to say, when you give a luncheon or dinner, do not invite your friends or your brothers or relatives or your rich neighbors, the people who are there.

如果你这样做，他们也会回请你作为报答。

If you do, they will invite you back and they will repay you.

当然，这正是赞助体系的运作方式。

Of course, that's how the patronage system worked.

他说，但我要的是这个。

He says, but here's what I want.

我要我的门徒这样做。

Here's what I want my disciples to do.

当你设宴时，要邀请贫穷的、残废的、瘸腿的、瞎眼的，这样你就有福了。

When you give a banquet, invite the poor, the crippled, the lame, and the blind, and you will be blessed.

首先，耶稣在说什么？

Now first of all, what is Jesus saying?

其次，这意味着什么？

And then secondly, what are the implications?

首先，他在说什么？

First of all, what is he saying?

乍一看，你我读到这段话时，会觉得他是在说永远不要邀请朋友来。

At first sight, when you and I read it, it looks like he's saying never have your friends over.

明白吗？

Okay?

那么我们的讲道就到此结束。

So let's finish our sermon right there.

让我们祷告。

Let us pray.

耶稣说永远不要邀请你的朋友来家里。

Jesus says never have your friends over.

他说，经文上是这么写的。

He says, it says so.

当你设午宴或晚宴时，不要邀请你的朋友或兄弟姐妹。

When you give a lunch or dinner, do not invite your friends or your brothers or sisters.

相反，你必须邀请穷人。

Instead you have to invite the poor.

这是什么意思？

What's this?

现在你需要理解闪族习语。

Now you have to understand Semitic idioms.

习语，众所周知，每种语言都有其习语。

An idiom, as you all know, every every language is an idiom.

习语表达对本语言使用者来说有意义，但当你将其翻译成另一种语言时，如果该习语在目标语言中不适用，那么按字面直译就会变得毫无意义。

And an idiomatic expression makes sense to people inside the language, but when you translate it into another language, if that idiom doesn't operate in those other languages, then what actually happens is it makes no sense because you take it literally.

因此，如果你按字面意思理解，就会觉得不太合理。

And therefore, when you if you take that literally, it doesn't make much sense.

但如果你想看同一章节中类似的习语例子，实际上在第14章26节，耶稣说：'要作我的门徒，就必须恨你的父母。'

But if you would like another example of the same idiom later on in the chapter, in fact chapter, 14 verse 26, Jesus says, you must hate your father and mother if you want to be my disciple.

同样的道理。

Same thing.

'恨你的父母，来跟从我。'

Hate your father and mother and follow me.

你会说：'啊，真的吗？'

You say, oh, really?

这又是什么意思呢？

What does that mean?

这是否意味着耶稣在说，还记得那关于朋友的十诫吗？

Could it mean that Jesus was saying, you remember those 10 commandments that went about on a friend?

忘了它吧。

Forget that.

你觉得他是这个意思吗？

Think that's what he's saying?

十诫，别管它了。

10 commandments, forget it.

不，当然不是。

No, of course not.

他到底在说什么？

What's he saying?

这是个习语。

It's an idiom.

虽然他实际说的是'跟从我并憎恨你的父母'，但他真正的意思并非叫你不要爱父母，也不是说你爱父母爱得太多，或你可以过分爱父母。

And what he's actually saying is, even though he says, follow me and hate your father and mother, what he really means is not that you shouldn't love your father and mother, nor is he saying you love your father and mother too much, or you can love your father and mother too much.

他只是在说，你必须爱我更多、远超过、远远超过，以至于你对我的爱让你对父母的爱相比之下显得像恨。

All he's saying is you have to love me way more, far more, massively more, So much so that your love for me is in a whole makes your love for your father and mother look like hate.

所以当这个习语说‘不要爱你的父母，要爱我’时，它真正的意思是‘要更爱我’，而不是说你不该爱你的父母。

So when the idiom says, don't love your father and mother, love me, what it really means is love me far more, not that you shouldn't love your father and mother.

当它说‘不要为你的朋友举办派对’时。

And when it says, don't give parties for your friends.

不要做那些维持你生活地位所必需的事。

Don't do the things necessary to maintain your place in life.

不要，不要娱乐，不要消遣，永远不要外出就餐。

Don't, don't do recreation, don't do entertainment, don't don't ever go out to eat.

不要买好衣服来维持你在社会中的地位。

Don't buy nice clothes so that you're able to, you know, maintain your place in society.

看，这些都是当今的对应事物。

See, those are all equivalents for today.

这些晚餐在当今对应的就是这些。

What these suppers were, equivalents for today.

他并不是说不要那样做，而是说你对慈善和事工的关注与付出。

He's not saying don't do that, he's saying your care for you're giving to charity and ministry.

你在给予。

You're giving.

你们是在为事工奉献，通过它给予人们属灵的生命，让人们找到信仰。

You're you're giving to ministry by which you give people spiritual life so people, you know, find faith.

你们是在为慈善奉献，让人们获得物质生活，因为他们饥饿时能得到食物。

You're giving to charity, so people get physical life because they're fed when they're hungry.

你对事工和慈善的奉献应该远超过花在娱乐、休闲、漂亮衣服和度假上的钱。

You're giving to ministry and charity should be massively more than the money you spend on entertainment, recreation, your nice clothes, your vacations.

这些晚餐所代表的正是这一切。

All that is really what these suppers represented.

他们没有度假的概念。

They didn't have vacations.

这就是他们的庆祝活动。

This was their festivities.

这就是他所说的。

That's what he's saying.

并不是说你永远不应该为自己花钱，而是你给予事工和慈善的钱应该远远多得多。

Not that you should never have you should never spend any money on yourself, but the money you give to ministry and charity ought to be just massively bitter more.

这是什么意思？

What does that mean?

这就是他所说的。

What's what so that's what he's saying.

这有什么含义？

What are the implications of that?

其含义在于你对事工和慈善的奉献必须优先且具有牺牲精神。

The implications are that your giving to ministry and charity must have a priority and it must be sacrificial.

现在请思考这一点。

Now think about this now.

顺便说一句，直到最近几周准备向你们宣讲这段经文时，我才真正理解它的含义。

By the way, I've never understood the implications of this passage until the last couple weeks getting ready to preach it to you.

首先，他讲的是优先次序。

First of all, he's talking about priority.

当他说要爱父母胜过爱我时，并不是说你们不该爱父母。

When he says love, hate your father and mother, and love me, he's not saying you shouldn't love your father mother.

他的意思是你们需要更爱我。

What he's saying is you need to love me more.

我才是首要的。

I'm the priority.

如果必须在我和父母之间做选择，你们必须选择我。

If you have to choose between me and your parents, you must choose me.

他说的不就是这个意思吗？

Isn't that what he's saying?

耶稣不正是这样说的吗？

Doesn't Jesus say that?

是的，他当然是这样说的。

Yes, of course he is.

他在这里说的是什么？

Now what is he saying here?

同样的意思。

Same thing.

他实际上是在说，你的奉献必须成为一种必需。

He's actually saying, your giving needs to be a necessity.

你对事工和慈善的奉献必须成为一种必需。

Your giving to ministry and charity needs to be a necessity.

真正可商量、可选择的，是你花在自己身上的钱。

What's actually optional and negotiable is the money you spend on yourself.

把它调换过来。

Switch it.

现在对我们大多数人来说，我们有一些财务目标，有一些生活方式目标，有我们想要的生活方式，有想去的假期，有想买的衣服，有想做的事情。

Right now, for most of us, we have certain financial goals, we have certain things, lifestyle, goals, there's certain ways in which we want to live, there's vacations we want to take, there's clothes we want to buy, there's things we want to do.

如果我们有足够的钱去做这些，并且还能奉献给事工和慈善，那么我们就会去做。

And if we have enough money to do that and to give to ministry and charity, then we do.

但那是可选的，而把钱花在自己身上才是优先事项，才是必需品。

But that's the optional, whereas spending money on you, that's the priority, that's the necessity.

但耶稣说要调换它们的位置。

But it's Jesus says switch them.

几年前有位英国农夫饲养牲畜，他有一头怀孕的母牛，对此他非常高兴，因为农场里的牲畜已能满足他的生产需求，等小牛出生长大后他就能卖掉它。

Some years ago there was a British farmer who raised livestock And, he had a cow who was pregnant, he was very happy about that because he actually had enough livestock on the farm for his needs to produce the things he needed, and therefore he was going to be able to sell that calf once the calf was born and then would grow up.

他打算卖掉小牛赚笔可观的利润。

He was going to sell the calf and make a tidy profit.

令他欣喜的是，母牛产下了双胞胎小牛，这意味着他出售时能获得双倍收入，这让他非常兴奋。

But to his joy, the cow had two calves, twins, which meant he was going to get twice as much money from the, sale when he sold them, and he was very excited.

他走进屋里对妻子说话时，突然有了种慷慨的冲动。

And he came into his wife and he had a sort of magnanimous, moment.

他说：亲爱的，你知道我们是基督徒，常去教堂做礼拜。

And he says, you know, he says, honey, you know, we are Christians and we go to the church.

你猜怎么着？

And you know what?

等这两头小牛长大后卖掉，我要把一半的收入献给主。

When these two calves grow up and I sell them, I'm gonna give half the proceeds to the Lord.

一半的收入将捐给教会。

Half the proceeds are gonna go to the church.

我要卖掉这两头小牛，会得到一笔钱，其中一头牛的钱归主所有，剩下的我们自己留着。

I'm gonna sell the two calves, I'm gonna get, you know, x amount of money, and the amount of money I get from one will go to the Lord, and the rest will will, you know, keep ourselves.

他妻子说，这太棒了。

And she says, that's wonderful.

多么虔诚啊。

How spiritual.

几周后，他走进屋子，脸上写满了悲伤。

Several weeks later, he walks in to the house very, very sad in his face.

她问，怎么了？

She says, what's wrong?

他说，唉，主的那头小牛死了。

He says, oh, the Lord's calf died.

你知道的，它们生病了，但其中一头康复了，另一头没能挺过来就死了。

You know, they got sick, but the one got better and the other one didn't get better and it died.

她说，这可真有意思。

She says, that's interesting.

她说，我不记得我们有指定哪头小牛是上帝的。

She says, I didn't remember that we designated one of those calves to be the lord.

哦不，他说，几乎从一开始我就说过，那边那头就是上帝的小牛。

Oh no, he says, a long almost from the beginning I said, that's the lord's calf right there.

结果死的就是那头，真遗憾。

And that's the one that died, what a shame.

这个故事的重点在于，死的总是上帝的那头小牛。

Now the point of the story is it's always the Lord's calf that dies.

换句话说，有些衣服我们想买，有些假期我们想享受，有些旅行我们想去，有些地方我们想住，这些才是优先事项。

In other words, there's certain clothes we want to buy, there's certain vacations we want to have, there's certain trips we want to take, there's certain ways certain places we wanna live, and that's the priority.

如果我们有足够的钱用于慈善和事工，我们就会捐。

And if we have enough money to give for charity and ministry, we will.

如果遇到困难，资金紧张，我们就会从这部分支出中削减。

And if there's a problem and we're pinched, that's where we take it out of.

我们会削减慈善和事工方面的支出。

We take it out of the charity and ministry.

而耶稣说，我希望你们调换一下优先顺序。

And Jesus says, I want you to switch those.

我要你们从自己的基本需求中节省出来。

I want you to take it out of your own hide.

这意味着这不仅要求你的奉献要有优先性，还需要具有牺牲精神。

Which means the implication of this is not just that your giving has to have a priority, but also it needs to be sacrificial.

这段经文与圣经中所有关于奉献的教导一脉相承。

This passage goes along with all the rest of the passages in the bible on on giving.

在旧约中，信徒的奉献标准非常明确。

In the old testament, the standard for giving of believers was very clear.

就是十一奉献（10%的捐输）。

10% tithe.

有十一奉献。

There was tithe.

就是你收入的10%要奉献给利未人、会幕、穷人、事工和慈善事业。

It just very 10% of your income you give to the Levites, to the tabernacle, to the poor, to ministry and to charity.

明白吗？

Okay?

然而到了新约，耶稣确实在一处提到你们应当奉献十分之一。

However, when you get to the New Testament, there is one place where Jesus actually says you should tithe.

这实际上是在路加福音11章42-43节，他当时正对法利赛人谈论他们如何奉献十分之一，并说你们也当这样行。

It's actually in Luke 11 verses forty two and forty three where he's talking to the Pharisees about how they tithe, and he says you should do that.

没错。

That's right.

所以耶稣并不反对十一奉献。

So Jesus is not against the tithe.

但新约其他几乎所有地方都再未提及十一奉献。

And yet almost nowhere else in the New Testament does the tithe even get mentioned.

相反，我们看到像《哥林多后书》第八章这样的记载，保罗试图说服哥林多基督徒捐款给耶路撒冷的穷人，并提醒他们马其顿的基督徒已经捐献了。

Instead we've got statements like this, second Corinthians eight, where Paul is telling he's trying to get the Corinthian Christians to give money to the poor in Jerusalem, and he's he reminds them that the Macedonian Christians have already given.

他在第三节说，他们是尽其所能地捐献，甚至超出了自己的能力。

And he says in verse three, they gave as much as they were able and beyond their abilities.

这是什么意思？

What does that mean?

看，当我们说'哦，我想多捐点但我负担不起'时，实际意思是'除非做出牺牲，否则我负担不起'。

See, when we say, oh, I'd like to give more but I can't afford to give, what you really mean is I can't afford to give without sacrificing.

但这正是关键所在。

But that's the whole point.

我相信旧约中的十一奉献——即收入的10%——是奉献的标准。

I believe in the old testament you have tithe, 10%, that's the standard of giving.

耶稣说这很好，是个不错的起点。

And Jesus is saying that's fine, that's a fine place to start.

但他说，基本上，新约要表达的是：这才是你知道自己奉献足够的真正方式。

But he says the basically, what the New Testament is saying, this is the real way you know you're giving enough.

这必须让你感到心疼。

It's gotta hurt.

这意味着必须做出牺牲。

It's gotta it means there's gotta be sacrifices made.

这意味着因为你在奉献，有些事情你无法去做。

It means there are things you can't do because you're giving.

因为你在奉献，有些地方你无法前往。

There's there's places you can't go because you're giving.

你奉献得太多了。

You're giving so much.

必须要有牺牲。

There's gotta be sacrifice.

这就是标准。

That's the standard.

这就是耶稣所说的。

And that's what Jesus is saying.

去对一位赞助人说‘我不希望你宴请你的富邻和朋友’真是令人惊叹。

And it's amazing to go to a patron and to say, I don't want you to throw your supper and invite your your rich neighbors and your friends.

我希望你邀请穷人。

I want you to invite the poor.

当你为自己所属的社会阶层举办晚宴，那里充满了各种赞助行为，那场宴会虽然昂贵，但实际上是能回本的。

You realize when you threw a supper for your own social class, where all the patroning things were were going on, When you threw that party, that was expensive, but but it paid for itself.

交易就是这样达成的。

That's how deals were made.

你知道，这本质上是一种维持商业关系的方式。

That's you know, it was a way of maintaining your business relationships basically.

所以耶稣说，当你以传统方式设宴时，有种花钱方式能让你收回成本。

So when you gave a meal like the typical way, Jesus is saying, there's a way for you to spend your money that you get your money back.

他们会回报你。

They repay you.

但如果你真的举办盛大宴会，邀请穷人、瘸子、跛脚的和盲人，那就纯粹是花钱如流水了。

But if you were actually to to throw a big feast and invite the poor and the crippled and the lame and the blind, that would just be money out the door.

换句话说，耶稣是在指出，一种金钱的使用方式并非牺牲，而另一种才是，而这正是我所要求的——牺牲。

In other words, Jesus is saying one kind of, use of your money is not sacrificial, and one kind is, and that's what I want, sacrifice.

这听起来不合理吗？

Now does this seem unreasonable?

这确实相当令人震惊。

It's it's pretty shocking.

当我思考这段话时，它无疑让我反省自身，我也为此感到挣扎。

It's as I look at it, I it makes me certainly think about myself, and I wrestle with it too.

我绝非在此宣称自己已完全做到，并质问‘你们为何不效仿’。

I'm certainly not up here saying, well, I've got this together, and, you know, why don't you?

但我认为我们都应当立足于经文之下，仔细审视它。

But I think we all need to stand under the text and look at it.

这段经文很少被当作关于管教的篇章来看待，但多年来我已逐渐领悟其深意。

This is this passage is seldom looked at as a stewardship passage, but over the years I've come to see what this means.

约翰·牛顿——那位十八世纪的英国圣公会牧师，《奇异恩典》等赞美诗的作者。

John Newton, the guy who wrote, you know, the old Anglican minister in the eighteenth century wrote Amazing Grace and all those hymns.

他发现这段经文非常令人困扰。

He he found this passage very troubling.

他说，无论我怎么解读，我只知道耶稣并不是字面意思说你永远不能见朋友或类似的事，但无论如何理解，都意味着我应该捐出比现在多得多的钱。

And he said, all I can see is he says that no matter how I slice it, I know Jesus doesn't mean it literally that you don't ever see your friends or anything like that, but no matter how I read it, it means I should be giving away a lot more money than I am.

好吧。

Alright.

不合理吗？

Unreasonable?

如果你理解福音，就不会觉得不合理。

Not if you understand the gospel.

我想向你们展示耶稣用福音帮助你明白这种金钱使用方式极其合理的三种途径。

I'd like to show you three ways in which Jesus uses the gospel to help you see that this kind of use of your money is eminently reasonable.

这是一段很长的经文，我只想指出其中包含三个讲论部分。

There's, it's a long passage and I'd just like to show you there's three speeches.

在最开始的部分，他从第8节到第11节对所有宾客讲话。

In the very beginning he speaks to all the guests from verse eight to, 11.

然后在中间部分，他对主人讲话，内容涵盖第12至14节。

And then in the middle he speaks to the host from verses 12 to 14.

最后，他实际上对一个自鸣得意的客人讲话，并讲述了关于盛大宴会的比喻故事。

And then at the end he actually speaks to one smug guest and tells the great story of the parable of the great banquet.

在每一段讲话的结尾，他都向我们展示了福音如何帮助我们理解为何牺牲奉献是非常合理的。

And at the end of every one of these speeches, he shows us some way in which the gospel helps us understand why it's very reasonable to give sacrificially.

今天是捐赠星期二，我们想让大家了解今年我们有一个特别的机会。

Today is Giving Tuesday, and we want you to know about a special opportunity we have this year.

如您所知，福音与生命组织支持救赎主城市到城市项目，这是一个致力于通过植堂在全球城市发展福音运动的机构。

As you may know, Gospel and Life supports Redeemer City to City, a ministry dedicated to growing gospel movements in cities around the world through church planting.

城市到城市项目由提姆·凯勒共同创立，他深切关心这项使命。

City to City was cofounded by Tim Keller, and he cared deeply about this mission.

在即将到来的2026年肯尼亚培训活动中，城市到城市将帮助培训、指导并支持两组各20名在非洲各地植堂的牧师。

And this coming year at a 2026 training event in Kenya, City to City will help train, coach, and support two cohorts of 20 pastors planting churches all over Africa.

今年的捐赠星期二，我们的目标是筹集15万美元，用于赞助参加肯尼亚内罗毕这次密集培训的植堂者，以便城市到城市能够帮助和支持这些植堂者在整个非洲建立教会。

This Giving Tuesday, we have a goal to raise 150,000 to help sponsor the church planters attending this training intensive in Nairobi, Kenya so that city to city can help and support these church planters to start churches across Africa.

这项工作对于福音从坎帕拉、拉各斯到约翰内斯堡等非洲城市的传播至关重要。

This work is vital to the spread the gospel in African cities from Kampala to Lagos to Johannesburg.

因此，当您考虑如何在‘捐赠星期二’进行捐赠时，请考虑向‘福音与生命’献上一份礼物。

So as you think about how you may give on Giving Tuesday, please consider making a gift to Gospel and Life.

我们今天收到的每一美元都将直接用于‘城市到城市’2026年在非洲帮助建立新教会的工作。

Every dollar we receive today will go directly to the work City to City is doing to help start new churches in Africa in 2026.

如需今日捐赠，请访问gospelinlife.com/tuesday。

To make a gift today, visit gospelinlife.com/tuesday.

再次提醒，网址是gospelinlife.com/tuesday。

Again, that's gospelinlife.com/tuesday.

感谢您对这一事工慷慨而忠实的支持。

And thank you for your generous and faithful support of this ministry.

现在请听凯勒博士继续今天的讲道。

Now here's doctor Keller with the rest of today's message.

这是第一部分。

Here's the first one.

在第7至11节中，我们已经看到，他注意到宾客们如何挑选宴席上的尊位。

In verses seven through eleven, seven we already saw this, he sees how the guests are picking places of honor at the table.

然后他说，当有人邀请你赴宴时，不要占据高位或尊贵的座位，以免有人请你让位，那时你就会蒙羞。

And then he says this, when someone invites you to a feast, don't take the higher, the more honored seats, lest somebody there will ask you to move and then you're humiliated.

要选择末位，这样别人就会说：‘请上座，靠近我些。’

Take the lower seat so somebody else can say, oh, come on up here closer to me.

从某个层面看，这只是实用建议。

Now, at one level, this is just practical.

他真正想说的是：不要做那种自吹自擂的人。

What he's really saying is don't be the kind of person that toots your own horn.

如果你自吹自擂，人们不会喜欢你。

If you toot your own horn, people are not going to like you.

讽刺的是，如果你是个自我推销者，总是自我标榜——看我多优秀，看我懂这个会那个——

And so the irony is if you're a self promoter, you're always pushing yourself, look how good I am, look at I know I know how to do this, I know how to this.

实际上，那些最善于自我推销的人往往得不到晋升，因为其他所有人都在抵制他们。

Basically, the people who who most promote themselves very often don't get promoted because everybody else presents them.

所以他所说的就是要谦逊，通过你的生活品质，如果人们看到你的品质，他们会称赞你，这比你自夸要好得多。

So what he's saying is be modest, and by the quality of your life, if, you know, if if people will will see your quality and they'll speak, well of you, and that's better than if you speak well of yourself.

在二十六章和二十七章中有很多谚语也表达了同样的意思。

And there's a lot of proverbs in chapters twenty six and twenty seven that say the same thing.

但耶稣不仅仅是在说这个。

But Jesus is not just saying this.

他不仅仅是出于实用主义。

He's not just being pragmatic.

因为当你读到第11节时，他将这一原则提升，表明这是属灵现实的核心。

Because when you get to verse 11, he is taking this principle and he's showing that this is this is the core of spiritual reality.

他在第11节说，每个人——不仅仅是偶尔——不自我吹嘘是明智的。

He says in verse 11, everyone, not just sometimes it's smart to not toot your own horn.

第11节中，他将这一观点提升到了宇宙层面。

Verse 11, he's getting cosmic here.

他说，凡自高的必降为卑，自卑的必升为高。

And he says, everyone who exalts himself will be humbled and he who humbles himself will be exalted.

现在我完全不介意就这段经文讲一整篇道文。

Now I would I would not mind at all to preach an entire sermon just on that text.

因为他想说的是，这在生活的每个领域都是真理，但归根结底在属灵现实的核心也是如此，这就是其意义所在。

Because this is what he's trying to say is it's true in every single area of life, but ultimately at the core of spiritual reality it's true and here's what that means.

如果你到神面前说：'我配得接纳'，你将被拒绝。

If you go to God and say, I deserve acceptance, you will be rejected.

因为这表明你并不了解自己内心的真实状况。

Because that shows you do not know what's in your own heart.

但如果你来到神面前说，我理应被拒绝，请宽恕我，你将得到接纳。

But if you go to God and say, I deserve rejection, please forgive me, you will get acceptance.

这就是福音。

And that's the gospel.

宗教说，你来到神面前说，我理应被接纳，看看这些善行。

Religion says, you go to God and say, I deserve acceptance, look at all the good deeds.

但福音说，如果你说你理应被接纳，你将遭到拒绝。

But the gospel says, if you say you deserve acceptance, you will get rejection.

你若说自己配得拒绝，意味着你在神面前谦卑自处，祂必接纳你。

If you say you deserve rejection, which means if with God you take the lower seat, he will accept you.

祂必抬举你。

He will exalt you.

因为福音就是：凡自卑的必升为高，自高的必降为卑。

Because the gospel is he who humbles himself will be exalted, and he who exalts himself will be humbled.

你若自高，必被降卑，因为这是靠行为得救。

If you humble exalt yourself, you'll be humbled because that's that's salvation by works.

你若自卑，必被升高，这是本乎恩典的救赎。

If you that if you humble yourself, you'll be exhausted exalted, and you're exhausted, because that's salvation by grace.

但看这个‘升高’的表述。

But look at this term exalted.

神要抬举你是什么意思？

What does it mean that God will exalt you?

雅各书四章十节和彼得前书五章六节说，你们要在神大能的手下自卑，祂必叫你们升高。

James four ten, first Peter five six says if you humble yourself under, under the mighty hand of God, he will exalt you.

他会将你高举。

He will lift you up.

耶稣在《约翰福音》12章43节对法利赛人先知说，你们喜爱人的荣耀过于神的荣耀。

Jesus says to the prophet the pharisees in John chapter 12 verse 43, he says, you love the praise of men more than the praise of God.

就是这样。

And there it is.

若你心中充满对神的赞美，若你已悔改，若你在神面前谦卑自处，而祂已高举你、接纳你、因恩典而悦纳你，你心中便充满对神的赞美，感受到祂在你里面的光，感受到祂的爱。

If you have the praise of God in your heart, if you've repented, if you've taken the lower seat as it were with God, and he has exalted you, and he's received you, and he's accepted you by grace, Your heart is filled with the praise of God, a sense of his the light in you, a sense of his love.

你知道这意味着什么吗？

You know what that means?

你拥有了新的属灵内在财富。

You have a new spiritual inner wealth.

你内心有了新的财富。

You have a new wealth inside.

你拥有了真正的富足。

You have real riches.

你拥有真正的价值。

You have real value.

你拥有真正的安全感。

You have real security.

你不再以同样的眼光看待外在的财富了，对吗？

And you no longer look at your external wealth the same, do you?

因为如果你的人生中心没有上帝，金钱就不仅仅是金钱。

Because money if you don't have God in the center of your life, money is more than money.

它是安全感。

It's security.

它是自尊。

It's self esteem.

我有钱，所以我知道自己很重要。

I've got money, so I know I'm important.

我有钱，所以我知道自己是安全的。

I've got money, so I know I'm secure.

若你的生命中心没有上帝，你的生命中心没有对上帝的赞美，你就会像这些人一样，拼命往上爬，总是试图结交比你稍好的人，试图获取更多金钱，寻求更多安全感，追逐更多财富，争取更高地位。

If you don't have God in the center of your life, you don't have the praise of God in the center of your life, you're like these people, scrambling to get to the top, always trying to to to connect to people who are a little better off than you, trying to get more money, trying to get more security, trying to get more prosperity, trying to get more status.

但耶稣说，我的门徒以对上帝的赞美为他们生命的核心。

But Jesus says, my disciples have the praise of God in the center of their being.

他们已被高举，因此不再需要拼命挣扎。

They've been exalted, and as a result, they're not scrambling.

知道吗？

You know what?

第八、九、十节经文中有种微妙的平衡。

There's something very balanced about verses, eight, nine, and 10.

他实际上是在说：我不希望我的子民，不希望我的门徒热衷于攀爬阶梯、挤进那些核心圈子。

What he's actually saying there is, I don't want my people, I don't want my disciples to be passionate about getting up the ladder and getting admitted into those inner circles.

我不希望这成为你生活的驱动力，但如果有人邀请你加入，那也无妨。

I don't want that should not drive your life, but if somebody invites you in, fine.

他说：我并不反对基督徒取得成功，但这不该成为你生命的激情所在。

He said, I'm not against Christians being successful, it shouldn't be the passion of your life.